不同整治工程条件下赣江尾闾河网水流特性试验研究
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摘要
赣江尾闾为冲积性多级分汊型河道,分为西河、东河。西河在裘家洲头,分西支和北支;东河在杨子洲头,分中支和南支。近年来人类各类活动使得赣江尾闾水文情势发生根本变化,对下游水资源利用、水生态环境等带来一系列影响。为了研究赣江尾闾综合整治工程对河段水流特性的影响,采用物理模型试验,重点分析了赣江尾闾河道在不同整治方案下的洪水位、分流比、流速分布等对河网河势的影响。试验结果表明:赣江尾闾北支控堵整治方案对各支沿程洪水位、分流比、流速分布影响较大;而南支疏浚、四支建闸的影响较小,南支疏浚后对工程河段内流速分布的影响主要在于主流线向左岸偏移,而对断面最大流速的影响较小。试验成果对优化整治工程方案具有重要参考作用。
As alluvial bifurcate channels, the tail channels of Ganjiang River are divided into West River and East River, of which the former evolved into west branch and north branch and the latter developed into middle branch and south branch. In recent years, human activities has fundamentally changed the hydrologic regime of the tail reaches of Ganjiang River, hence affecting the water resources utilization and water eco-environment in the downstream. In the purpose of investigating the effects of regulating projects, we examine the influences of flood level, water diversion ratio, and flow velocity distribution on the river regime in the presence of different regulating projects via physical model test. Test results verify that controlled blocking project in the north branch has apparent effect on the flood level, water diversion ratio, and flow velocity distribution in each branch, whereas dredging in the south branch and building sluices in the four branches have slight impact. Dredging in the south ranch mainly results in the shift of major streamline towards the left bank, while has little impact on sectional maximum flow velocity. The test results offer reference for the optimization of the regulation projects.
As alluvial bifurcate channels, the tail channels of Ganjiang River are divided into West River and East River, of which the former evolved into west branch and north branch and the latter developed into middle branch and south branch. In recent years, human activities has fundamentally changed the hydrologic regime of the tail reaches of Ganjiang River, hence affecting the water resources utilization and water eco-environment in the downstream. In the purpose of investigating the effects of regulating projects, we examine the influences of flood level, water diversion ratio, and flow velocity distribution on the river regime in the presence of different regulating projects via physical model test. Test results verify that controlled blocking project in the north branch has apparent effect on the flood level, water diversion ratio, and flow velocity distribution in each branch, whereas dredging in the south branch and building sluices in the four branches have slight impact. Dredging in the south ranch mainly results in the shift of major streamline towards the left bank, while has little impact on sectional maximum flow velocity. The test results offer reference for the optimization of the regulation projects.
引文
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[3] 史明娟,史小平.赣江下游枯水期水位持续降低影响与分析[J].中国防汛抗旱,2016,26(4):55-58.
[4] 周刚,郑丙辉,雷坤,等.赣江下游水动力数值模拟研究[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(6):102-108.
[5] 刘卫林,王永文.赣江中下游枯水期水量调度研究[J].长江科学院院报,2013,30(9):11-16.
[6] 肖洋,张汶海,张颖.赣江中下游近60年水沙时空分布特征[J].水文,2014,34(6):86-92.
[7] 刘星根,李昌彦,吴敦银.近60年赣江水沙变化特征及影响因素分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(11):1920-1928.
[8] 闵聃,冯秘荣.赣江水沙特征及其变化规律[J].江西水利科技,2016,42(2):83-86.
[9] 顾朝军,穆兴民,高鹏,等.赣江流域径流量和输沙量的变化过程及其对人类活动的响应[J].泥沙研究,2016(3):38-44.
[10] 雷声,章重,张秀平.鄱阳湖流域五河尾闾河道演变遥感研究[J].人民长江,2014,45(4):27-31.
[11] 刘明忠,杨梦云,张根喜.周天河段航道整治工程对荆江右岸堤防的影响[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2013,11(1):134-136.
[12] 江西省水利科学研究院.赣江下游尾闾综合整治工程定床模型试验研究报告[R].南昌:江西省水利科学研究院,2017.
[13] 李福田.赣江下游多支汊河道整治工程对分流比的影响[J].河海大学学报,1990,18(5):85-92.
[14] 余雯,陈界仁.赣江南昌段东西河工程整治后分流比变化研究[J].人民长江,2012,43(3):16-19.