屠宰生猪肺脏健康状况评估及主要病原的检测
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摘要
肺部感染引发的不同程度的肺脏病变在屠宰生猪的宰后检验中常有发现。本试验对某规模化生猪养殖企业屠宰生猪连续10周采集肺脏,每次取约300份肺脏,共3 000份肺脏进行健康评价,并每次选择8份病变肺脏(共80份)进行猪呼吸道疾病常见病原的核酸检测,通过分析可能引起屠宰生猪肺部感染的病原,以期为生猪的疾病防控、动物产品安全评估提供基础资料和参考。结果显示,3 000份肺脏中评估为健康的有1 822份,占60.7%(1 822/3 000);病变肺脏有1 178份,占39.3%(1 178/3 000);病变类型主要为炎症、肉变。80份病变肺脏中猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)核酸阳性有16份,副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)阳性有39份,猪链球菌(SS)阳性有36份,猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)阳性有4份;PCV2与Mhp、HPS、SS混合阳性率分别占到PCV2阳性数量的12.5%、56.25%、81.25%;未检测到猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪流感病毒(SIV)、巴氏杆菌(Pm)和猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)等病原。本次评估结果表明,屠宰生猪肺脏病变比例较高,引起肺脏发生病变的呼吸道病原主要为HPS、SS、Mhp和PCV2,且以和PCV2的混合感染居多。
Different degrees of lung disease caused by lung infections are often found in post-mortem examinations of slaughtered pigs. In this experiment, a large-scale pig breeding enterprise slaughtered pigs for 10 weeks, about 300 lungs each time or a total of 3000 lungs were evaluated for health status, and 8 lungs(80 in total) were selected to detect the main pathogens of respiratory diseases in pigs. Analysis of pathogens that might cause lung infection in slaughtered pigs was conducted in order to provide basic information and reference for disease prevention and animal product safety during pig breeding. The results showed that 1822 of the 3000 lungs were healthy, accounting for 60.7%(1822/3000) of the totla; and 1178 were diseased ones accounting for 39.3%(1178/3000). The main types of lesions were inflammation and meat degeneration. Of the 80 lesions, 16 were positive for porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) nucleic acid, 39 were positive for Haemophilus parasuis(HPS), 36 were positive for Streptococcus suis(SS), and 4 were positive for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(Mhp). Among the diseased lungs, the mixed positive rates of PCV2 with Mhp, HPS and SS were 12.5%, 56.25% and 81.25%, respectively. However, no porcine reproductive or respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) or pseudorabies virus(PRV) or swine influenza virus(SIV) or Pasteurella multocida(Pm) or Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP) were detected in the sampled lungs. The above results indicated that the proportion of lung lesions in slaughtered pigs was higher, and the main respiratory pathogens causing lung lesions were HPS, SS, Mhp and PCV2, and mixed infection of the pathogens with PCV2.
Different degrees of lung disease caused by lung infections are often found in post-mortem examinations of slaughtered pigs. In this experiment, a large-scale pig breeding enterprise slaughtered pigs for 10 weeks, about 300 lungs each time or a total of 3000 lungs were evaluated for health status, and 8 lungs(80 in total) were selected to detect the main pathogens of respiratory diseases in pigs. Analysis of pathogens that might cause lung infection in slaughtered pigs was conducted in order to provide basic information and reference for disease prevention and animal product safety during pig breeding. The results showed that 1822 of the 3000 lungs were healthy, accounting for 60.7%(1822/3000) of the totla; and 1178 were diseased ones accounting for 39.3%(1178/3000). The main types of lesions were inflammation and meat degeneration. Of the 80 lesions, 16 were positive for porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) nucleic acid, 39 were positive for Haemophilus parasuis(HPS), 36 were positive for Streptococcus suis(SS), and 4 were positive for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(Mhp). Among the diseased lungs, the mixed positive rates of PCV2 with Mhp, HPS and SS were 12.5%, 56.25% and 81.25%, respectively. However, no porcine reproductive or respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV) or pseudorabies virus(PRV) or swine influenza virus(SIV) or Pasteurella multocida(Pm) or Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP) were detected in the sampled lungs. The above results indicated that the proportion of lung lesions in slaughtered pigs was higher, and the main respiratory pathogens causing lung lesions were HPS, SS, Mhp and PCV2, and mixed infection of the pathogens with PCV2.
引文
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[20] 陈同煜. 泰安及周边地区屠宰生猪肺脏健康状况评估及相关病原感染调查分析[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.
[21] 张雪莲. 冬春季节猪呼吸道疾病综合征的诊断与防治[J].现代畜牧科技, 2016(1):70.
[2] 刘力军, 范炜, 王健诚. 丹麦出境种猪的检疫[J].中国动物检疫, 2004, 21(12):37-39.
[3] 麻延峰, 周文仙, 应志锐,等. 抗菌肽防治金华猪呼吸道疾病综合征的疗效研究[J].家畜生态学报, 2010, 31(1):90-92.
[4] 张振东, 吕林, 胡东方,等. 泰安地区屠宰生猪肺脏病变的评估与分析[J].养猪, 2015(3):97-100.
[5] Ostanello F, Dottori M, Gusmara C, et al. Pneumonia disease assessment using a slaughterhouse lung-scoring method.[J].J Vet Med, 2010, 54(2):70-75.
[6] Leneveu P, Robert N, Ke?ta A, et al. Lung lesions in pigs at slaughter: A 2-year epidemiological study in France[J].J Appl Res Vet M, 2005, 3(3):259-265.
[7] 廖学良.猪呼吸道疾病综合征的防治[J].今日畜牧兽医,2017(11):23.
[8] 邹广彬, 周小兵, 曲向阳,等. 猪群健康监控:屠宰场病变评估系统的建立与应用[J].养猪, 2013(1):94-96.
[9] VincentterBeek,任彬, 陈春月,等. 猪胸膜炎检测新方法[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽), 2007, 27(5):44-45.
[10] 曲向阳,宋岱松,周磊,等. 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染对上市猪屠宰场肺部病变评分的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2018,54(5):10-13,132.
[11] Loera-Muro V M, Jacques M, Tremblay Y D, et al. Detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in drinking water from pig farms[J].Microbiology, 2013, 159(Pt3):536-544.
[12] Howell K J, Peters S E, Wang J, et al. Development of a Multiplex PCR Assay for Rapid Molecular Serotyping of Haemophilus parasuis[J].J Clin Microbiol, 2015, 53(12):3812-3821.
[13] Cai H Y, Van D T, Mcewen B, et al. Application and field validation of a PCR assay for the detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from swine lung tissue samples[J].J Vet Diagn Invest, 2007, 19(1):91-95.
[14] 蒋惠婷. 猪多杀性巴氏杆菌PlpB与Fur基因融合表达及免疫效果评价[D].大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学, 2014.
[15] 刘春生, 徐耀辉, 陈陆,等. 猪链球菌种及其1、2、7型多重PCR检测方法的建立与应用[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 38(11):24-30.
[16] 王建昌, 王金凤, 段永生,等. 基于内参的大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立[J].食品科学, 2015, 36(20):226-231.
[17] 曲向阳, 柳友茂, 姚火春,等. 猪支气管肺炎与胸膜炎的屠宰场病变评估分析[J].养猪, 2012(1):98-100.
[18] Sibila M, Aragón V, Fraile L, et al. Comparison of four lung scoring systems for the assessment of the pathological outcomes derived from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae experimental infections[J].BMC Vet Res, 2014, 10(1):165.
[19] 张振东. 屠宰生猪肺脏病变评估及PRRSV感染状况的调查分析[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015.
[20] 陈同煜. 泰安及周边地区屠宰生猪肺脏健康状况评估及相关病原感染调查分析[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.
[21] 张雪莲. 冬春季节猪呼吸道疾病综合征的诊断与防治[J].现代畜牧科技, 2016(1):70.