国家级承接产业转移示范区是否加剧了地区环境污染
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摘要
利用2003—2016年全国285个地级市面板数据,采用双重差分法对国家级承接产业转移示范区是否导致"污染避难所"的问题进行了解答。结果表明:国家级承接产业转移示范区未加剧区域环境污染;示范区通过调整第二产业发展方向、优化政府支出结构和改善固定资产投资导向形成的环境优化效应,大于环保意识不足和人口密度降低带来的环境抑制效应,使得示范区能够优化区域生态环境;较之中部地区和高等级城市的示范区,西部地区和一般等级城市的示范区的环境优化效应更加显著。因此,在强化国家级承接产业转移示范区的政策推广的同时,应兼顾不同区域的影响,通过强化环境规制,提升文化程度,发挥技术效应,降低环境污染。
Based on the panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2016,this paper applied difference-indifference method to answer whether national undertaking industrial transfer demonstration area had supported the hypothesis of "pollution haven". We conclude as follows. Firstly,national undertaking industrial transfer demonstration area hasn't aggravated regional environmental pollution. Secondly,in demonstration areas,there is an environmental optimization effect caused by adjusting the development direction of secondary industry,optimizing the structure of government expenditure and improving the investment orientation of fixed assets. And there is an environmental restraint effect caused by the lack of environmental awareness and the reduction of population density,the influence of which is far smaller than that of environmental optimization effect. Therefore,demonstration areas have optimized regional ecological environment. Thirdly,heterogeneity analysis shows that,compared with demonstration areas located in the middle and super cities,the environmental optimization effect of demonstration areas located in the west and ordinary cities is more pronounced. This shows,the expansion of relative policies should be combined with the consideration of regional influence. Meanwhile,the strengthen of environmental regulation,the improvement of educational level and the application of new technologies may help to reduce environmental pollution.
Based on the panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2016,this paper applied difference-indifference method to answer whether national undertaking industrial transfer demonstration area had supported the hypothesis of "pollution haven". We conclude as follows. Firstly,national undertaking industrial transfer demonstration area hasn't aggravated regional environmental pollution. Secondly,in demonstration areas,there is an environmental optimization effect caused by adjusting the development direction of secondary industry,optimizing the structure of government expenditure and improving the investment orientation of fixed assets. And there is an environmental restraint effect caused by the lack of environmental awareness and the reduction of population density,the influence of which is far smaller than that of environmental optimization effect. Therefore,demonstration areas have optimized regional ecological environment. Thirdly,heterogeneity analysis shows that,compared with demonstration areas located in the middle and super cities,the environmental optimization effect of demonstration areas located in the west and ordinary cities is more pronounced. This shows,the expansion of relative policies should be combined with the consideration of regional influence. Meanwhile,the strengthen of environmental regulation,the improvement of educational level and the application of new technologies may help to reduce environmental pollution.
引文
[1]李建军.承接产业转移与湖南省产业结构优化升级问题研究[J].湖南社会科学,2012(5):138-141.
[2]韦鸿,陈凡.承接产业转移中产业结构的优化和升级——以荆州承接产业转移为例[J].长江大学学报(社科版),2016(3):40-44.
[3]郭丽娟,邓玲.我国西部地区承接产业转移存在的问题及对策[J].经济纵横,2013(8):72-76.
[4]陈凡,韦鸿,童伟伟.承接产业示范区能够推动经济发展吗?——基于双重差分方法的验证[J].科学决策,2017(3):68-94.
[5]高云,王云.承接产业转移对区域新型工业化的影响研究——以皖江城市带为例[J].经济论坛,2014(4):65-69.
[6]杨国才.中西部产业转移示范区的实际功用与困境摆脱[J].改革,2012,(12):83-89.
[7]豆建民,沈艳兵.产业转移对中国中部地区的环境影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014(11):96-102.
[8]杨国才.区际产业转移的学术论争、实践流变与趋势预判[J].江西社会科学,2014(6):51-57.
[9]郭丽娟,邹洋.产业升级与空间均衡视角下成渝经济区承接产业转移模式创新[J].经济问题探索,2015(5):123-130.
[10]吴成颂.产业转移承接的金融支持问题研究——以安徽省承接长三角产业转移为例[J].学术界,2009(5):181-187.
[11]冯长春,张剑锋,杨子江.承接产业转移背景下区域土地利用空间协调评估[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015(5):144-151.
[12]罗浩.自然资源与经济增长:资源瓶颈及其解决途径[J].经济研究,2007(6):142-153.
[13]张士杰.区域经济增长的能源尾效分析——以皖江城市带为例[J].华东经济管理,2013(7):58-61.
[14]孙威,李文会,林晓娜,等.长江经济带分地市承接产业转移能力研究[J].地理科学进展,2015(11):1470-1478.
[2]韦鸿,陈凡.承接产业转移中产业结构的优化和升级——以荆州承接产业转移为例[J].长江大学学报(社科版),2016(3):40-44.
[3]郭丽娟,邓玲.我国西部地区承接产业转移存在的问题及对策[J].经济纵横,2013(8):72-76.
[4]陈凡,韦鸿,童伟伟.承接产业示范区能够推动经济发展吗?——基于双重差分方法的验证[J].科学决策,2017(3):68-94.
[5]高云,王云.承接产业转移对区域新型工业化的影响研究——以皖江城市带为例[J].经济论坛,2014(4):65-69.
[6]杨国才.中西部产业转移示范区的实际功用与困境摆脱[J].改革,2012,(12):83-89.
[7]豆建民,沈艳兵.产业转移对中国中部地区的环境影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014(11):96-102.
[8]杨国才.区际产业转移的学术论争、实践流变与趋势预判[J].江西社会科学,2014(6):51-57.
[9]郭丽娟,邹洋.产业升级与空间均衡视角下成渝经济区承接产业转移模式创新[J].经济问题探索,2015(5):123-130.
[10]吴成颂.产业转移承接的金融支持问题研究——以安徽省承接长三角产业转移为例[J].学术界,2009(5):181-187.
[11]冯长春,张剑锋,杨子江.承接产业转移背景下区域土地利用空间协调评估[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015(5):144-151.
[12]罗浩.自然资源与经济增长:资源瓶颈及其解决途径[J].经济研究,2007(6):142-153.
[13]张士杰.区域经济增长的能源尾效分析——以皖江城市带为例[J].华东经济管理,2013(7):58-61.
[14]孙威,李文会,林晓娜,等.长江经济带分地市承接产业转移能力研究[J].地理科学进展,2015(11):1470-1478.