我国几个板栗品种抗寒性综合评价
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摘要
以10个中国板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl.)品种休眠期一年生枝条为材料,测定各品种不同低温处理下枝条的相对电导率(REC)、冻害指数、总着色度和丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量及枝条结构特征。将REC配合Logistic方程求出枝条低温半致死温度(LT_(50)),通过相关性分析筛选与LT_(50)极显著相关的理化、结构指标,并用隶属函数法求出各抗寒性相关指标平均隶属度,对供试品种进行综合评价和抗寒性排序。结果表明:随处理温度的降低,10个板栗品种枝条REC变化趋势呈近"S"型,基于相对电导率拟合的LT_(50)差异较大,为-26.64～-17.73℃;-20℃处理下枝条REC、冻害指数、总着色度、MDA含量,及枝条木栓层厚度和木栓层比率与其LT_(50)呈极显著相关,可作为板栗枝条抗寒性鉴定的理化和组织结构指标;以6个指标为基础参数的隶属函数法适用于板栗树种枝条的抗寒性准确评价。10个中国板栗主栽品种枝条抗寒性强弱顺序为:‘燕宽’>‘燕山早丰’>‘燕奎’>‘处暑红’>‘紫珀’>‘粘底板’>‘罗田1号’>‘红栗’>‘燕红’>‘杂35’。
Annual dormant branches of 10chestnut cultivars were taken as the experimental materials.Relative electrical conductivities(REC),freeze injury index,dyeing degree,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),proline,and soluble sugar under different low temperature treatments,as well as the anatomical structures indexes of branches were determined in this study.Semi lethal temperature(LT_(50))was assessed with REC and Logistic equation.The physicochemical and morphological structural indexes,which had significant relationship with LT_(50),were screened by correlation analysis.The membership function was used to determine the average subordinate level of the indexes,the comprehensive evaluation and cold resistance of main cultivars were sorted by comparing the average subordinative indexes.The results showed that:The relative electrical conductivities of 10 chestnut cultivars were in approximate"S"trend as temperature decreased.The LT_(50 )based on the REC of 10chestnut varieties(strains)were quite different,ranging from -26.64 to-17.73℃.The significant correlations were found between LT_(50)and the indexes including REC,freeze injury index,dyeing degree,the contents of MDA under-20℃treatment,as well as phellem layer thickness and phellem layer ratio of the branch.These characters could be used as physicochemical and morphological structural indexes.The membership function based on 6indexes could be used to accurately identify the cold resistance of the chestnut.The order of cold resistance of 10chestnut cultivars,from the strong to the weak,was Yankuan,Yanshanzaofeng,Yankui,Chushuhong Zipo,Niandiban,Luotian 1,Hongli,Yanhong and Za 35.
Annual dormant branches of 10chestnut cultivars were taken as the experimental materials.Relative electrical conductivities(REC),freeze injury index,dyeing degree,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),proline,and soluble sugar under different low temperature treatments,as well as the anatomical structures indexes of branches were determined in this study.Semi lethal temperature(LT_(50))was assessed with REC and Logistic equation.The physicochemical and morphological structural indexes,which had significant relationship with LT_(50),were screened by correlation analysis.The membership function was used to determine the average subordinate level of the indexes,the comprehensive evaluation and cold resistance of main cultivars were sorted by comparing the average subordinative indexes.The results showed that:The relative electrical conductivities of 10 chestnut cultivars were in approximate"S"trend as temperature decreased.The LT_(50 )based on the REC of 10chestnut varieties(strains)were quite different,ranging from -26.64 to-17.73℃.The significant correlations were found between LT_(50)and the indexes including REC,freeze injury index,dyeing degree,the contents of MDA under-20℃treatment,as well as phellem layer thickness and phellem layer ratio of the branch.These characters could be used as physicochemical and morphological structural indexes.The membership function based on 6indexes could be used to accurately identify the cold resistance of the chestnut.The order of cold resistance of 10chestnut cultivars,from the strong to the weak,was Yankuan,Yanshanzaofeng,Yankui,Chushuhong Zipo,Niandiban,Luotian 1,Hongli,Yanhong and Za 35.
引文
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[22]李瑞雪,金晓玲,胡希军,柴弋霞,蔡梦颖,罗峰,张方静.6种含笑属植物抗寒性分析与综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1464-1472Li R X,Jin X L,Hu X J,Chai Y X,Cai M Y,Zhang F J.Analysis and comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(5):1464-1472(in Chinese)
[23]Lukatkin A S,Brazaityte A,Bobinas C.Chilling injury in chilling-sensitive plants:A review[J].Agriculture,2012,99(2):111-124
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[2]陈楚莹,王开平,陈吉录.不同板栗品种抗寒鉴定[J].林业科技通讯,1980,11:7-10Chen C Y,Wang K P,Chen J L.Assessment of freezing tolerance in different cultivars of Castanea mollissima[J].Forest Science and Technology,1980,11:7-10(in Chinese)
[3]陈丽华.板栗冻害调查分析[J].辽宁林业科技,1995,5:43-44Chen L H.Investigation on freezing injury of chestnut,Journal of Liaoning[J].Forestry Science&Technology,1995,5:43-44(in Chinese)
[4]张宇和,刘鎏.中国果树志板栗榛子卷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005:69-133Zhang Y H,Liu L.Chinese Fruit Tree Chestnut Hazelnut Roll[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing Press,2005:69-133(in Chinese)
[5]袁军伟,郭紫娟,马爱红,刘长江,韩斌,赵胜建.葡萄砧木抗寒性的鉴定与综合评价[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(4):99-103Yuan J W,Guo Z J,Ma A H,Liu C J,Han B,Zhao S J.Cold resistance identification and comprehensive evaluation of grape rootstocks[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(4):99-103(in Chinese)
[6]田景花,王红霞,高仪,张志华.核桃属植物休眠期的抗寒性鉴定[J].园艺学报,2013,40(6):1051-1060Tian J H,Wang H X,Gao Y,Zhang Z H.Assessment of freezing tolerance of juglans germplasms by using annual dormant branches[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2013,40(6):1051-1060(in Chinese)
[7]贺普超,牛立新.我国葡萄属野生种抗寒性的研究[J].园艺学报,1989,16(2):81-88He P C,Niu L X.Study of cold hardiness in the wild vitis native to china[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,1989,16(2):81-88(in Chinese)
[8]张博勇,张康健,张檀.杜仲15个初选优良无性系抗寒性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2003,18(2):4-5Zhang B Y,Zhang K J,Zhang T.Cold-resistance of fifteen priliminary selected eucommia ulmoides clones of plus trees[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2003,18(2):4-5(in Chinese)
[9]汤章城.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].上海:科学出版社,1999:303-306Tang Z C.Modern Plant Physiology Experiment Guide[M].Shanghai:Science Press,1999:303-306(in Chinese)
[10]张义贤,张丽萍.重金属对大麦幼苗膜脂过氧化及脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(4):857-860Zhang Y X,Zhang L P.Effects of heavy metals on membrane lipid peroxidation,proline and soluble sugar in roots of Hordeumvulgare[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2006,25(4):857-860(in Chinese)
[11]莫惠栋.Logistic方程及其应用[J].江苏农学院学报,1983,4(2):53-57Mo H D.Logistic equation and its application[J].Journal of Jiangsu Agriculture,1983,4(2):53-57(in Chinese)
[12]李鹏程,苏学德,王晶晶,郭绍杰,李铭,符小发.8种葡萄砧木品种的低温半致死温度与抗寒性综合评价[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2017,52(1):92-96Li P C,Su X D,Wang J J,Guo S J,Li M,Fu X F.Semi-lethal temperature and comprehensive evaluation of hardiness on eight kinds of grape rootstock[J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2017,52(1):92-96(in Chinese)
[13]周书娟,王飞,田治国,王朴,张喜琴.新疆‘树上干’杏耐寒株系的鉴定与筛选[J].园艺学报,2011,8(10):1976-1982Zhou S J,Wang F,Tian Z G,Wang P,Zhang X Q.Screening cold hardy genetype of Xinjiang local apricot variety‘Shushang gan’in China[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2011,38(10):1976-1982(in Chinese)
[14]藕丹,樊军锋,周永学,高建社.10个白杨派无性系抗寒性的比较与评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(1):16-19Ou D,Fan J F,Zhou Y X,Gao J S.Comparison and evaluation on cold-tolerance of ten varieties in Sect Leuce[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2017,45(1):16-19(in Chinese)
[15]张谷雄,胡国谦,王宁,孙晓文.柑桔枝叶形态解剖特征与抗寒性的关系[J].南京农业大学学报,1988,11(4):24-28Zhang G X,Hu G Q,Wang N,Sun X W.Relationships between morphologic and anatomic characters of shoots and leaves in citrus and its cold resistance[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,1988,11(4):24-28(in Chinese)
[16]高庆玉,崔方.黑龙江省5个主栽葡萄品种抗寒性鉴定[J].中国果树,2009,2:21-23Gao Q Y,Cui F.Identification to hardy of 5 grape major cultivars in Heilongjiang Province[J].China Fruits,2009,2:21-23(in Chinese)
[17]杨跃华.TTC分析法在茶树抗寒性鉴定中的应用[J].中国茶叶,1989,(5):15-16Yang Y H.Studies on assessment of freezing tolerance of tea plant by TTC analytical method[J].China Tea,1989,(5):15-16(in Chinese)
[18]刘天明,张振文,李华.桃品种耐寒性研究[J].果树科学,1998,15(2):107-111Liu T M,Zhang Z W,Li H.The hardiness for peach cultivars[Prunus persica(L)/batsch[J].Journal of Fruit Science,1998,15(2):107-111(in Chinese)
[19]何伟.山葡萄种质资源抗寒性评价方法的建立及评价研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015He W.Development of evaluation method and utilization for cold resistance of germplasm resources of vitis amurensis[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Dissertation,2015(in Chinese)
[20]付超,周雪玲,朱春林.应用隶属函数法综合评价高酸苹果抗寒性及果实品质[J].北方园艺,2017,(2):11-15Fu C,Zhou X L,Zhu C L.Comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance and fruit quality of apple with high acidity by subordinate function[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,(2):11-15(in Chinese)
[21]梁锁兴,席海源,王文平,侯东梅,孟庆仙,张明丽.电解质渗出率配合logistic方程鉴定7个平欧杂种榛品种(系)的抗寒性[J].农学学报,2017,7(4):34-38(in Chinese)Liang S X,Xi H Y,Wang W P,Hou D H,Meng Q X,Zhang ML.Determination of cold-resistance for 7flat-european hazel cultivars through electrical permeation rate combining logistic equation[J].Journal of Agriculture,2017,7(4):34-38(in Chinese)
[22]李瑞雪,金晓玲,胡希军,柴弋霞,蔡梦颖,罗峰,张方静.6种含笑属植物抗寒性分析与综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1464-1472Li R X,Jin X L,Hu X J,Chai Y X,Cai M Y,Zhang F J.Analysis and comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2017,28(5):1464-1472(in Chinese)
[23]Lukatkin A S,Brazaityte A,Bobinas C.Chilling injury in chilling-sensitive plants:A review[J].Agriculture,2012,99(2):111-124
[24]Liu W P,Su S C,Liu X,Hou Z X.Comparison of different cultivars of blueberry overwintering ability in Qingdao of China[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2012,3(3):391
[25]Palonen P,Buszard D.Current state of cold hardiness research on fruit crops[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1997,77(3):399-420
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