水分胁迫下硅素对玉米苗期生理生化性状的影响
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摘要
为研究水分胁迫下硅素对玉米苗期生理生化性状的影响,利用水分与硅肥的耦合效应,通过试验分析玉米苗期株高、叶面积、茎粗、根系长度、根系活力、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、光合作用等生理生化性状指标。结果得出,在同一水分处理条件下随着施用硅素的增加,株高、叶面积、茎粗、根系长度、根系活力、叶绿素含量均有不同程度的增加,而丙二醛含量以及脯氨酸含量有不同程度的减小;在同一单硅酸浓度条件下,随着土壤相对含水量的增加,株高、叶面积、茎粗、根系长度、根系活力、叶绿素含量也均有不同程度的增加,丙二醛含量以及脯氨酸含量有不同程度的减小。表明施用硅素可以缓解玉米苗期水分胁迫的逆境,在相对含水量为75%,施用0.266 g/kg的单硅酸时玉米生长最好;在相对含水量为45%,施用0.133~0.266 g/kg单硅酸后,显著增强了玉米的抗逆性。
For the study of water stress under the influence of silicon on physiological biochemical characters of maize seedling. Through the experimental analysis the physiological and biochemical indexes of maize seedling height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,MDA content,proline content and photosynthesis so on.The results showed,in the same water treatments,with the increased of the content of silicon fertilizer,height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,Chlorophyll content all increased,MDA content,proline content have decreased. In the same silicon treatments,with the increased of the content of water,height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,Chlorophyll content all have increased,MDA content,proline content have decreased.In general,use silicon can be mitigated the adversity of corn seedling under water stress,corn will grow best in the relative water content of 75% and the density is 0. 266 g/kg; Enhance the resistance of corn obviously when the relative water content of 45% and use silicon fertilizer 0. 133-0. 266 g/kg.
For the study of water stress under the influence of silicon on physiological biochemical characters of maize seedling. Through the experimental analysis the physiological and biochemical indexes of maize seedling height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,MDA content,proline content and photosynthesis so on.The results showed,in the same water treatments,with the increased of the content of silicon fertilizer,height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,Chlorophyll content all increased,MDA content,proline content have decreased. In the same silicon treatments,with the increased of the content of water,height,leaf area,stem diameter,root length,root activity,Chlorophyll content all have increased,MDA content,proline content have decreased.In general,use silicon can be mitigated the adversity of corn seedling under water stress,corn will grow best in the relative water content of 75% and the density is 0. 266 g/kg; Enhance the resistance of corn obviously when the relative water content of 45% and use silicon fertilizer 0. 133-0. 266 g/kg.
引文
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[2]Campos H,Cooper M,Habben J E,et al.Improving droughttolerance in maize:a view from industry[J].Field Crops Res,2004,90(1):19-34.
[3]田平,马立婷,逄焕成,等.硅肥对玉米和大豆光合特性及产量形成的影响[J].作物杂志,2015(6):136-140.
[4]吴桢,徐嘉檑,蔡振华,等.硅营养特性及硅肥使用技术[J].湖北植保,2017(2):63-64.
[5]徐鸿.硅肥在作物中的应用现状及展望[J].乡村科技,2016(29):75.
[6]杨淩舒.玉米增加施用硅钙复合肥试验研究报告[C]//2015年学术年会论文摘要集.北京:中国作物学会,2015.
[7]贾国涛,顾汇展,许自成,等.作物硅素营养研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(5):153-158.
[8]邵长泉.单硅酸对糯玉米根系生长状况、产量及品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2007(5):50-51.
[9]于德海.单硅酸在玉米栽培中应用效果分析[J].吉林农业,2013(4):158.
[10]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[11]Bonyor J S.Plant productivity and environment[J].Science,1982,218:443-448.
[12]王大为,史磊,孙成韬,等.[J].辽宁农业科学,2017(4):12-14.
[13]郝春艳,吴磊,张元珍,等.不同地力冬小麦喷锌、硅叶面肥的增产及抗病效果[J].湖南农业科学,2017(4):12-14.
[14]王文彦.不同生育期玉米叶片光合特性及水分利用效率对水分胁迫的响应[J].中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊),2016(10):121.
[15]田琳,谢晓金,包云轩,等.不同生育期水分胁迫对玉米光合特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2013,34(6):655-660.
[16]Bassetti P,Westgate M E.Water deficit affects receptivity of maize silks[J].Crop Sci,1993,33(2):279-282.
[17]Zinselmeier C,Westgate M E,Schussler J R,et al.Low water potential disrupts carbohydrate metabolism in maize(Zea mays L.)ovaries[J].Plant Physiology,1995,107(2):385-391.
[18]于文颖,纪瑞鹏,冯锐,等.不同生育期玉米叶片光合特性及水分利用效率对水分胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(9):2902-2909.
[19]申建波,毛达如.植物营养研究方法[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2011.
[20]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[21]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[22]刘家尧,刘新.植物生理学实验教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.