2018年度厦门市儿童青少年近视基线调查
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摘要
目的了解厦门市儿童青少年近视率,为综合预防控提供基线依据。方法 2018年12月采用分层整群抽样,选取厦门市16所幼儿园和中小学,开展远视力检查和屈光检测。结果调查4 746人,总近视检出率为56.09%。女生(60.69%)近视检出率高于男生(52.42%)(P<0.01),各学段近视检出率随着年级增高而增高;城区近视检出率(59.84%)高于农村(51.54%)(P<0.01);男女生近视分级构成无差异,中高度近视构成比随学段增高而增高。结论厦门市儿童青少年近视呈现低龄化趋势。
Objective To understand the myopia rate of children and adolescents in Xiamen city,so as to provide baseline eridence for comprehensive prevention and control. Methods A total of 16 kindergartens and elementary and secondary schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling to carry out remote vision examination and refractive test in December 2018. Results A total of 4 746 students and preschool children were surveyed and the general myopia prevalence was 56.09%.The myopia prevalence of girls(60.69%) was higher than boys(52.42%)(P<0.01).The prevalence increased annually with grade,and the urban area(59.84%) was higher than the rural area(51.54%)(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in myopia constituent ratio between boys and girls,but with the increase of grade,the proportion of moderate and high level myopia gradually increased. Conclusion Myopia in children and adolescents tends to be younger in Xiamen city.
Objective To understand the myopia rate of children and adolescents in Xiamen city,so as to provide baseline eridence for comprehensive prevention and control. Methods A total of 16 kindergartens and elementary and secondary schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling to carry out remote vision examination and refractive test in December 2018. Results A total of 4 746 students and preschool children were surveyed and the general myopia prevalence was 56.09%.The myopia prevalence of girls(60.69%) was higher than boys(52.42%)(P<0.01).The prevalence increased annually with grade,and the urban area(59.84%) was higher than the rural area(51.54%)(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in myopia constituent ratio between boys and girls,but with the increase of grade,the proportion of moderate and high level myopia gradually increased. Conclusion Myopia in children and adolescents tends to be younger in Xiamen city.
引文
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[5] 侯成利,文辉.南平市2007～2013年市属学校学生视力不良监测分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2014,20(6):37-38.
[6] 郭庆奋,陈志平,陈小嵘.泉州市市区6～18岁儿童少年视力状况分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(9):851-851.
[7] 钟苑芳,陈荣凯,汪斌,等.2011～2015年深圳市某街道中小学生近视现状分析[J].预防医学论坛,2017,23(10):770-772,775.
[8] 赵明清,徐凌中.我国中小学生近视流行特点与用眼行为干预的主要技术[J].中国初级卫生保健,2007,21(6):60-62.
[9] 刘翠虹,李凤伟.青少年近视的调查及对比分析[J].中国实用医药,2011,6(9):271-272.
[10] 王睿,喻成华,曹玮,等.十堰市2012年部分城乡中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2013,24(5):96-97.
[11] 胥芹,王晶晶,段佳丽,等.延长户外活动时间对小学生近视预防效果评价[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(3):363-365.
[12] Williams K M,Bentham G C G,Young I S,et al.Association Between Myopia,Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure,Serum Vitamin D Concentrations,and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study[J].JAMA Ophthalmology,2017,135(1):47.
[13] 2010年全国学生体质与健康调研结果[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(9):1 024-1 026.
[14] 樊泽民,刘立京,王海涛.扎实推进全国儿童青少年近视防控工作[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(11):1 605-1 608,1 612.
[2] 王赟,谌丁艳,熊华威,等.我国青少年近视影响因素与防治措施研究[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(3):380-381.
[3] 黄培枝,王宝珍,陈剑锋.厦门市2009～2010年中小学生常见病患病情况[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(12):1 502-1 503.
[4] 林元姑,李开莲,黄晓琴.龙岩市中小学生视力现状调查分析[J].基层医学论坛,2016,20(32):4 595-4 596.
[5] 侯成利,文辉.南平市2007～2013年市属学校学生视力不良监测分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2014,20(6):37-38.
[6] 郭庆奋,陈志平,陈小嵘.泉州市市区6～18岁儿童少年视力状况分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(9):851-851.
[7] 钟苑芳,陈荣凯,汪斌,等.2011～2015年深圳市某街道中小学生近视现状分析[J].预防医学论坛,2017,23(10):770-772,775.
[8] 赵明清,徐凌中.我国中小学生近视流行特点与用眼行为干预的主要技术[J].中国初级卫生保健,2007,21(6):60-62.
[9] 刘翠虹,李凤伟.青少年近视的调查及对比分析[J].中国实用医药,2011,6(9):271-272.
[10] 王睿,喻成华,曹玮,等.十堰市2012年部分城乡中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2013,24(5):96-97.
[11] 胥芹,王晶晶,段佳丽,等.延长户外活动时间对小学生近视预防效果评价[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(3):363-365.
[12] Williams K M,Bentham G C G,Young I S,et al.Association Between Myopia,Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure,Serum Vitamin D Concentrations,and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study[J].JAMA Ophthalmology,2017,135(1):47.
[13] 2010年全国学生体质与健康调研结果[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(9):1 024-1 026.
[14] 樊泽民,刘立京,王海涛.扎实推进全国儿童青少年近视防控工作[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(11):1 605-1 608,1 612.