稠油测试中油气分离与产量计量方法
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摘要
为解决海上作业工况下稠油精准计量的难题,对分离器壳体外部加设金属软管蒸汽加热装置实现罐体伴热保温,并对分离器的管线及阀门通过电伴热系统加热保温,防止稠油在分离器内部时间过长温度降低,影响稠油分离效率;在分离器内部增设专用旋流消泡装置,增加物理消泡效果;对传统的计量罐看窗搭载改进版磁浮力液位计,精确读取计量罐液位。在渤海油田渤中区块3口井进行了试验性应用,地面计量稠油最高黏度达2 787 mPa·s (50℃),油嘴敞放,控制流程进分离器,原油进计量罐计量,天然气走栈桥燃烧,实现了高黏度稠油的精确计量。该技术解决了稠油精确计量技术难题,为渤海油田稠油井测试提供了技术支撑。
In order to solve the problem of accurate metering of heavy oil under offshore working conditions, the following countermeasures were proposed. Firstly, a metal hose steam heating device was added to the outside of the separator housing to realize the heat insulation of the tank. In addition, the electric heating system was used to heat the pipeline and valve of the separator to assure the separation efficiency of heavy oil and prevent the temperature reduction of heavy oil because of long lasting time in the separator. Secondly, a special cyclone defoaming device was added inside the separator to increase physical defoaming effect. Thirdly, a conventional metering tank viewing window was equipped with an improved version of the magnetic buoyancy level gauge to accurately read the metering tank level. The experimental application was carried out in three wells in Bozhong block of Bohai Oilfield. Under the condition that the maximum viscosity of heavy oil measured on the ground reached 2 787 mPa·s(50 ℃), and the nozzle was open without limitation, the technology can effectively control the flow into the separator, the crude oil into the metering tank, and the natural gas into the trestle to burn, thus realizing the accurate metering of heavy oil with high viscosity. This technology solved the technical problem of accurate heavy oil measurement and provided technical support for heavy oil well testing in Bohai Oilfield.
In order to solve the problem of accurate metering of heavy oil under offshore working conditions, the following countermeasures were proposed. Firstly, a metal hose steam heating device was added to the outside of the separator housing to realize the heat insulation of the tank. In addition, the electric heating system was used to heat the pipeline and valve of the separator to assure the separation efficiency of heavy oil and prevent the temperature reduction of heavy oil because of long lasting time in the separator. Secondly, a special cyclone defoaming device was added inside the separator to increase physical defoaming effect. Thirdly, a conventional metering tank viewing window was equipped with an improved version of the magnetic buoyancy level gauge to accurately read the metering tank level. The experimental application was carried out in three wells in Bozhong block of Bohai Oilfield. Under the condition that the maximum viscosity of heavy oil measured on the ground reached 2 787 mPa·s(50 ℃), and the nozzle was open without limitation, the technology can effectively control the flow into the separator, the crude oil into the metering tank, and the natural gas into the trestle to burn, thus realizing the accurate metering of heavy oil with high viscosity. This technology solved the technical problem of accurate heavy oil measurement and provided technical support for heavy oil well testing in Bohai Oilfield.
引文
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[14] 黄垚,杨帮贵.高产气井测试地面分离器选型[J].油气田地面工程,2011,30(6):18-19.HUANG Yao,YANG Banggui.Selection of ground separator for high production gas well testing [J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2011,30(6):18-19.
[15] 刘玉涛,罗海英,刘河江,等.油气井地面测试中分离器分离效果监测新思路[J].天然气技术与经济,2011,5(3):50-53.LIU Yutao,LUO Haiying,LIU Hejiang,et al.An innovation to monitor separation effect of separator during well testing [J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2011,5(3):50-53.
[16] 李茂光.三相高效分离器的应用[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,32(1):112.LI Maoguang.Application of three phase high efficiency separator [J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2012,32(1):112.
[17] 孙文寿,王高升.旋流板分离器的结构对三维流场的影响[J].化工学报,2006,57(6):1334-1338.SUN Wenshou,WANG Gaosheng.Effects of structure of rotating stream tray separator on its three dimensional flow field [J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China),2006,57(6):1334-1338.
[18] 孙文寿,王高升.两种旋流板分离器压降和分离性能的对比[J].化学工业与工程,2007,24(1):56-59.SUN Wenshou,WANG Gaosheng.Comparisons of pressure drop and separation performance between two rotating-stream tray separators [J].Chemical Industry and Engineering,2007,24(1):56-59.
[19] 唐晶,张晓辉,王红艳.分离器结构的改进[J].一重技术,2000(2):17-18.TANG Jing,ZHANG Xiaohui,WANG Hongyan.Improvement of separator structure [J].CFHI Technology,2000(2):17-18.
[20] 张继禄,何同.油气分离器的改造[J].油田地面工程,1993(5):30-31.ZHANG Jilu,HE Tong.Retrofit of oil and gas separator [J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1993(5):30-31.
[21] 宋驰.简析三相旋流式分离器的基本性能指标[J].云南化工,2018,45(1):235.SONG Chi.Brief analysis of basic performance indexes of three phase cyclone separator [J].Yunnan Chemical Tech-nology,2018,45(1):235.
[2] 张艳,邓雄,羊东明,等.重质起泡稠油分离计量中存在的问题及解决措施探讨[J].化工管理,2014,11(3):92-94.ZHANG Yan,DENG Xiong,YANG Dongming,et al.Discussion on the problems and solutions of heavy foaming heavy oil separation and metering[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2014,11(3):92-94.
[3] 胡广杰,文军红.液相含气率对起泡稠油计量的误差分析及对策[J].计量技术,2004(6):55-56.HU Guangjie,WEN Junhong.Error analysis and countermeasures of liquid gas holdup for blister heavy oil metering [J].Measurement Technique,2004(6):55-56.
[4] 卢中原,谭忠健,许峰,等.渤海油田稠油测试井智能双频加热降黏技术[J].油气井测试,2018,27(6):27-32.LU Zhongyuan,TAN Zhongjian,XU Feng,et al.Intelligent dual frequency heating and viscosity reduction technology for heavy oil test wells in Bohai Oilfield [J].Well Testing,2018,27(6):27-32.
[5] 孙婧,王春升,尚超,等.海上油田稠油单井计量方案选择[J].石油规划设计,2018,29(3):17-21.SUN Jing,WANG Chunsheng,SHANG Chao,et al.The choice of metering plans for offshore heavy oil well [J].Petroleum Planning & Engineering,2018,29(3):17-21.
[6] 刘昕宇,张春娥,周晓艳.新型计量系统在海上油田的应用[J].油气田地面工程,2012,31(3):12-13.LIU Xinyu,ZHANG Chun′e,ZHOU Xiaoyan.Application of new metering system in offshore oilfield [J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,2012,31(3):12-13.
[7] 王学凤,张志杰,孙昕,等.磁致伸缩测量仪[J].物理实验,2013,33(3):14-17,20.WANG Xuefeng,ZHANG Zhijie,SUN Xin,et al.Magnetostrictive apparatus [J].Physics Experimentation,2013,33(3):14-17,20.
[8] 万志鹏,陈鑫.磁浮子翻板液位计的改造[J].聚氯乙烯,2012,40(8):30-31.WAN Zhipeng,CHEN Xin.Modification of magnetic-floater flap liquid level meter [J].Polyvinyl Chloride,2012,40(8):30-31.
[9] 周恒.分离器气泡分离计算模型[J].油气田地面工程,2018,37(5):26-29.ZHOU Heng.Bubble separation calculation model of the separator [J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2018,37(5):26-29.
[10] 胡锦,王淑娟,彭磊,等.我国气田用分离设备类型简介及选用原则[J].广东化工,2014,41(4):77,71.HU Jin,WANG Shujuan,PENG Lei,et al.Introduction and choose principle of separator equipment used in gas field in China [J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2014,41(4):77,71.
[11] 岳国斌,李梦菲,贺爱群,等.高效三相分离器现场应用效果分析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(1):73.YUE Guobin,LI Mengfei,HE Aiqun,et al.Field application effect analysis of high efficiency three-phase separator [J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013,34(1):73.
[12] 曹少保,郝明辉,高飞.提高海上油田单井计量水平加快实现率先发展[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,34(1):143.CAO Shaobao,HAO Minghui,GAO Fei.Improving single well metering level in offshore oilfields and speeding up the first development [J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2013,34(1):143.
[13] 李娜.浅谈提高分离器计量精准度[J].化工管理,2013(12):157.LI Na.Discussion on improving accuracy of separator metering [J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2013(12):157.
[14] 黄垚,杨帮贵.高产气井测试地面分离器选型[J].油气田地面工程,2011,30(6):18-19.HUANG Yao,YANG Banggui.Selection of ground separator for high production gas well testing [J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2011,30(6):18-19.
[15] 刘玉涛,罗海英,刘河江,等.油气井地面测试中分离器分离效果监测新思路[J].天然气技术与经济,2011,5(3):50-53.LIU Yutao,LUO Haiying,LIU Hejiang,et al.An innovation to monitor separation effect of separator during well testing [J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2011,5(3):50-53.
[16] 李茂光.三相高效分离器的应用[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,32(1):112.LI Maoguang.Application of three phase high efficiency separator [J].China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality,2012,32(1):112.
[17] 孙文寿,王高升.旋流板分离器的结构对三维流场的影响[J].化工学报,2006,57(6):1334-1338.SUN Wenshou,WANG Gaosheng.Effects of structure of rotating stream tray separator on its three dimensional flow field [J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China),2006,57(6):1334-1338.
[18] 孙文寿,王高升.两种旋流板分离器压降和分离性能的对比[J].化学工业与工程,2007,24(1):56-59.SUN Wenshou,WANG Gaosheng.Comparisons of pressure drop and separation performance between two rotating-stream tray separators [J].Chemical Industry and Engineering,2007,24(1):56-59.
[19] 唐晶,张晓辉,王红艳.分离器结构的改进[J].一重技术,2000(2):17-18.TANG Jing,ZHANG Xiaohui,WANG Hongyan.Improvement of separator structure [J].CFHI Technology,2000(2):17-18.
[20] 张继禄,何同.油气分离器的改造[J].油田地面工程,1993(5):30-31.ZHANG Jilu,HE Tong.Retrofit of oil and gas separator [J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1993(5):30-31.
[21] 宋驰.简析三相旋流式分离器的基本性能指标[J].云南化工,2018,45(1):235.SONG Chi.Brief analysis of basic performance indexes of three phase cyclone separator [J].Yunnan Chemical Tech-nology,2018,45(1):235.
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