2013—2017学年无锡市中小学生血压偏高情况调查
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摘要
目的了解近年来无锡市中小学生血压变化趋势,为学生高血压防控的必要性及干预方向提供依据。方法收集2013—2017学年无锡市中小学生健康检查监测数据进行汇总,分析各学年间的年龄标化血压偏高率、肥胖率、超重率的变化情况。结果学生血压偏高率从8～13岁增长速度较快,13岁以后变化较为平稳。学生的血压偏高率从2013—2014学年的12.91%逐年上升至2016—2017学年的15.15%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),年龄标化肥胖率和超重率也呈逐学年升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无锡市中小学生血压偏高率逐年上升,应采取措施进行防控干预,从控制体重入手,预防高血压。
[Objective]To understand the change trend of blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City in recent years,provide evidence for the necessity of prevention and control of hypertension among students and the direction of intervention.[Methods]The data of health examination monitoring of primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City from 2013 to 2017 academic year were collected,and the changes of age-standardized high blood pressure rate,obesity rate and overweight rate in different academic years were analyzed.[Results]The rate of high blood pressure of students aged 8-13 years old increased rapidly,and the change was relatively stable after 13 years old. The rate of high blood pressure among students increased from 12.91% in the academic year of 2013-2014 to 15.15% in the academic year of 2016-2017,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The age-standardized obesity rate and overweight rate also showed a rising trend year by year,with a significant difference(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The high blood pressure rate of primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City is rising year by year. Measures should be taken to prevent and control hypertension,and controlling students overweight may be the first step.
[Objective]To understand the change trend of blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City in recent years,provide evidence for the necessity of prevention and control of hypertension among students and the direction of intervention.[Methods]The data of health examination monitoring of primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City from 2013 to 2017 academic year were collected,and the changes of age-standardized high blood pressure rate,obesity rate and overweight rate in different academic years were analyzed.[Results]The rate of high blood pressure of students aged 8-13 years old increased rapidly,and the change was relatively stable after 13 years old. The rate of high blood pressure among students increased from 12.91% in the academic year of 2013-2014 to 15.15% in the academic year of 2016-2017,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The age-standardized obesity rate and overweight rate also showed a rising trend year by year,with a significant difference(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The high blood pressure rate of primary and secondary school students in Wuxi City is rising year by year. Measures should be taken to prevent and control hypertension,and controlling students overweight may be the first step.
引文
[1]陶芳标,武丽杰,马军,等.儿童少年卫生学[M]8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2017:186-188.
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[13]MUNTNER P,HE J,JEFFREY A,et al.Trends in blood pressure among children and adolescents[J].JAMA,2004,291(17):2107-2113.
[14]FALKNER B.Hypertension in children and adolescents:Epidemiology and natural history[J].Pediatric Nephrol,2010,25(7):1219-1224.
[15]安洪庆,王素珍.潍坊地区中学生血压偏高与体质量指数的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1396-1398.
[16]PAKER ED,SINAIKO AR,KHARBANDA EO,et al.体质量状态变化与高血压发生的相关性[J].中华高血压杂志,2016,24(6):581-583.
[17]杨志锋.慈溪市9~17岁儿童青少年肥胖流行情况及其与高血压的关系[J].现代实用医学,2016,28(8):1064-1073.
[18]安洪庆,王素珍.潍坊地区中学生血压偏高与体质量指数的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1396-1398.
[19]孙全富,陈德清.对估算标化死亡率比的置信限和假设检验方法的商榷[J].中国卫生统计,1993,10(5):49-51.
[20]曹素华.卫生统计学方法[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2003:26-31.
[2]马军.儿童青少年高血压研究[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(2):129-136.
[3]LIANG Y,HOU D SHAN X,et al.Cardiovascular remodeling relates to elevated childhood blood pressure:Beijing blood pressure cohort study[J].Int Cardiol,2014,177(3):836-839.
[4]CHEN X,WANG Y.Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood:a systematic review and meta-regression analysis[J].Circulation,2008,117(25):3171-3180.
[5]JUHOLA J,MAGNUSSEN C,BERENSON G,et al.Combined effects of child and adult elevated blood pressure on subclinical atherosclerosis:the international childhood cardiovascular cohort consortium[J].Circulation,2013,128(3):217-224.
[6]KOLLIAS A,DAFNI M,POULIDAKIS E,et al.Out-of-office blood pressure and target organ damage in children and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Hypertens,2014,32(12):2315-2331.
[7]ALLEMAND J.Clinical diagnosis of metabolic and cardiovascular risks in overweight children:Early development of chronic diseases in the obese child[J/OL].Int J Obesity,2010,34:s32-s36.[2018-08-22].https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo2010237.DOI:10.1038/ijo.2010.237.
[8]LAI C,SUN D,CEN R,et al.Impact of long-term burden of excessive adiposity and elevated blood pressure from childhood on adulthood left ventricular remodeling patterns:the Bogalusa Heart Study[J].J Am Coll Cardio,2014,64(15):1580-1587.
[9]FALKNER B,LURBE E,SCHAEFER F.High blood pressure in children:Clinical and health policy implications[J].J Clin Hypert,2010,12(4):261-276.
[10]中国肥胖问题工作组.中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J].中国流行病学杂志,2004,25(2):97-102.
[11]季成叶,王芳芳,陶芳标.现代儿童少年卫生学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2010:798-802.
[12]李双双,马传伟,席波.中国7~17岁儿童青少年1993-2011年血压偏高变化趋势分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(10):1449-1452.
[13]MUNTNER P,HE J,JEFFREY A,et al.Trends in blood pressure among children and adolescents[J].JAMA,2004,291(17):2107-2113.
[14]FALKNER B.Hypertension in children and adolescents:Epidemiology and natural history[J].Pediatric Nephrol,2010,25(7):1219-1224.
[15]安洪庆,王素珍.潍坊地区中学生血压偏高与体质量指数的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1396-1398.
[16]PAKER ED,SINAIKO AR,KHARBANDA EO,et al.体质量状态变化与高血压发生的相关性[J].中华高血压杂志,2016,24(6):581-583.
[17]杨志锋.慈溪市9~17岁儿童青少年肥胖流行情况及其与高血压的关系[J].现代实用医学,2016,28(8):1064-1073.
[18]安洪庆,王素珍.潍坊地区中学生血压偏高与体质量指数的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1396-1398.
[19]孙全富,陈德清.对估算标化死亡率比的置信限和假设检验方法的商榷[J].中国卫生统计,1993,10(5):49-51.
[20]曹素华.卫生统计学方法[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2003:26-31.