某种高温合金550℃高温应变测试
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摘要
随着航空、航天技术的发展,飞行器热端部件的温度越来越高,载荷情况越来越复杂。为了更好地研究这些结构在高温环境下的力学特性,需要测试结构的高温应变并验证高温应变测试方法的可靠性。本文利用高温应变性能鉴定机测试四点弯曲高温合金梁在550℃稳态温度场条件下的高温应变。测试共进行三次,测试过程中温度的温升率为3℃/min。测试完成后,利用高温应变理论公式对高温应变试验数据进行处理,得到四点弯曲梁的真实应变值,并进行误差计算,四个应变片的误差分别为3%、20%、3%、7%,测试获得了较为满意的结果。此项试验结果表明:本文给出的四点弯曲高温合金梁高温应变测试方案合理可行,使用的高温应变计粘贴方案可靠性较高,四点弯曲梁高温应变测试方法可以作为今后进一步深入研究高温应变测试技术的参考资料和基础,为将来更高温度、更复杂的温度场环境下的高温应变测试提供技术支持。
As aerospace technology develops, the temperature of aircraft hot components gets higher and higher while the loads are more and more complex. To better understand the thermal mechanical behaviors of these structures, it is necessary to measure the thermal strain of these structures. In this paper, the thermal strain of a high temperature alloy beam is tested in a thermal strain performance identification machine at a steady temperature of 550℃.The measurement is repeated for three times with an appropriate temperature rise rate 3℃/min. Then the thermal strain experimental data is processed according to the thermal strain theory to obtain the true strain values of the beam. Error analysis is conducted and appropriate results are obtained. The test results show that four-point bend high temperature alloy beam plan for thermal strain test is feasible. And the bonding of high-temperature strain gauge is reliable. Thermal output measuring technology and high thermal strain modification method supply a suitable foundation and supports for further investigation of thermal strain test technology with higher and more complex temperature environment.
As aerospace technology develops, the temperature of aircraft hot components gets higher and higher while the loads are more and more complex. To better understand the thermal mechanical behaviors of these structures, it is necessary to measure the thermal strain of these structures. In this paper, the thermal strain of a high temperature alloy beam is tested in a thermal strain performance identification machine at a steady temperature of 550℃.The measurement is repeated for three times with an appropriate temperature rise rate 3℃/min. Then the thermal strain experimental data is processed according to the thermal strain theory to obtain the true strain values of the beam. Error analysis is conducted and appropriate results are obtained. The test results show that four-point bend high temperature alloy beam plan for thermal strain test is feasible. And the bonding of high-temperature strain gauge is reliable. Thermal output measuring technology and high thermal strain modification method supply a suitable foundation and supports for further investigation of thermal strain test technology with higher and more complex temperature environment.
引文
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[2]Williams W D.Strain sensing technology for high temperature applications[C]//Proceedings of AIAA Fourth International Aerospace Planes Conference.Washington,DC:AIAA,1992.
[3]Wrbanek J D,Fralick G C,Martin L C.A thin film multifunction sensor for harsh environments[C]//Proceedings of the 37th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit.Reston,VA:AIAA,2001:AIAA 2001-3315.
[4]Hudson L,Stephens C.Thermal-mechanical testing of hypersonic vehicle structures[C]//Proceedings of Hypersonics/MURI Review Meeting.Santa Barbara,CA:NASA Dryden Flight Research Center,2007.
[5]国家技术监督局.GB/T13992-92电阻应变计[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.(State Bureau of Technical Supervision.GB/T13992-92 Resistance strain gage[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2002(in Chinese)).
[6]尹福炎.瞬态加热条件下高温应变计测量误差的修正方法[J].强度与环境,2005,32(1):36-42.(Yin Fuyan.Correlation technique for high temperature strain gauge under transient heating conditions[J].Structure&Environment Engineering,2005,32(1):36-42(in Chinese)).
[7]尹福炎.高温应变计在瞬态加热条件下温度特性的试验研究[J].强度与环境,2005,32(2):8-18.(Yin Fuyan.Testing for temperature characteristics of high-temperature strain gauge under transient heating condition[J].Structure&Environment Engineering,2005,32(2):8-18(in Chinese)).
[8]刘梓才,喻丹萍,李锡华,等.不同测试方法下高温应变片热输出分析[J].核技术,2013,36(4):166-168.(Liu Zicai,Yu Danping,Li Xihua,et al.Analysis of thermal output of high temperature strain gauge by different measurement methods[J].Nuclear Techniques,2013,36(4):166-168(in Chinese)).
[9]刘梓才,卢琰琰,何承义.高温应变片标定装置设计[J].原子能科学技术,2008,42:704-706.(Liu Zicai,Lu Yanyan,He Chengyi.Design of calibration apparatus of high temperature strain gauge[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2008,42:704-706(in Chinese)).
[10]刘梓才,喻丹萍,卢琰琰.高温应变片热输出测试[J].核动力工程,2011,32:1-4.(Liu Zicai,Yu Danping,Lu Yanyan.Thermal output test of high temperature strain gauge[J].Nuclear Power Engineering,2011,32:1-4(in Chinese)).
[11]吴东,陈德江,张松贺.高超声速飞行器典型部位高温应变测量[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2012,6:30-33.(Wu Dong,Chen Dejiang,Zhang Songhe.High temperature strain measurement of typical components in hypersonic vehicle[J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,2012,6:30-33(in Chinese)).
[12]王维,刘海.高温应变片在火焰筒疲劳模拟试验件上的标定应用[C]//计量与质量专题学术交流会论文专辑.北京:科学出版社,2007:64-66.(Wang Wei,Liu Hai.Calibration applications of the high temperature strain gauge in flametube fatigue simulation testing components[C]//Proceedings of the Special Measurement and Quality Academic Exchanges Conference.Beijing:Science Press,2007:64-66(in Chinese)).
[13]左渝钰.航空发动机高温应变测量系统[J].计算机测量与控制,2008,16(11):1528-1605.(Zuo Yuyu.Strain gauge measuring system depending on high temperature of aero-engine[J].Computer Measurement&Control,2008,16(11):1528-1605(in Chinese)).
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