W型锅炉SCR脱硝装置积灰原因分析与治理
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摘要
某电厂W型火焰锅炉燃用高灰分无烟煤,SCR脱硝反应器催化剂、导流板、整流格栅、支撑钢梁积灰严重,造成了流场不均匀和催化剂堵塞,影响了SCR脱硝系统的性能。根据运行经验和CFD技术,分析得出SCR脱硝装置积灰的原因是设计不合理、催化剂选型不合理、流场不均、吹灰效果不佳、长期低负荷运行和燃煤灰分远超设计值。通过采用烟气流场优化及1∶10物理模型试验,对导流板、整流格栅和顶部烟道进行了改造,同时将蜂窝式催化剂更换为板式催化剂,加装声波吹灰器。改造后运行3个月,对脱硝装置进行内部检查,反应器水平烟道、导流板积灰明显减少,整流层未见积灰,催化剂表面和孔隙无积灰、堵塞现象,证明所采取的各项措施有效解决了SCR反应器内积灰、催化剂堵塞问题。
The W type flame boiler in a power plant is burned with high ash anthracite. The serious ash accumulation on the SCR denitrification reactor catalyst, the diversion plate, the rectifying grille and the supporting steel beam can lead to the uneven flow of the flow field and the blockage of the catalyst, which affects the performance of the SCR denitrification system. According to the operation experience and the CFD technology, the reasons for the ash accumulation in the SCR denitrification devices are improper design, unreasonable catalyst type selection, uneven flow field, poor soot blowing, long term low load operation and coal ash far beyond the design value. Based on the optimization of the flue gas flow field and the 1︰10 physical model test, the diversion plate,the rectifying grid and the top flue were reformed; the honeycomb type catalyst was replaced by the plate type catalyst; and the sonic soot blower was added. Three months after the transformation, the internal inspection of the denitrification devices was carried out.The horizontal flue of the reactor and the ash accumulation of the diversion plate were reduced obviously. No ash accumulation was found in the rectifying layer. No accumulated ash and blockage were found on the surface of the catalyst and the. It is proved that the measures taken have solved the problem of the internal dust accumulation and the catalyst plugging in the SCR reactor effectively.
The W type flame boiler in a power plant is burned with high ash anthracite. The serious ash accumulation on the SCR denitrification reactor catalyst, the diversion plate, the rectifying grille and the supporting steel beam can lead to the uneven flow of the flow field and the blockage of the catalyst, which affects the performance of the SCR denitrification system. According to the operation experience and the CFD technology, the reasons for the ash accumulation in the SCR denitrification devices are improper design, unreasonable catalyst type selection, uneven flow field, poor soot blowing, long term low load operation and coal ash far beyond the design value. Based on the optimization of the flue gas flow field and the 1︰10 physical model test, the diversion plate,the rectifying grid and the top flue were reformed; the honeycomb type catalyst was replaced by the plate type catalyst; and the sonic soot blower was added. Three months after the transformation, the internal inspection of the denitrification devices was carried out.The horizontal flue of the reactor and the ash accumulation of the diversion plate were reduced obviously. No ash accumulation was found in the rectifying layer. No accumulated ash and blockage were found on the surface of the catalyst and the. It is proved that the measures taken have solved the problem of the internal dust accumulation and the catalyst plugging in the SCR reactor effectively.
引文
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[15]张波,牛国平,王月明,等.SCR系统急转烟道均流装置的数值模拟[J].热力发电,2014,43(4):87-94.ZHANG Bo,NIU Guoping,WANG Yueming,et al.Numerical simulation on a new type sharp bend flue equalizing device in SCRsystem of a 350 MW unit boiler[J].Thermal Power Generation,2014,43(4):87-94.
[16]赵大周,刘沛奇,何胜,等.燃煤电站SCR烟气脱硝CFD技术的研究进展[J].中国电力,2016,49(8):157-161.ZHAO Dazhou,LIU Peiqi,HE Sheng,et al.Research progress of CFD-based SCR flue gas De-NOx technology for coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power,2016,49(8):157-161.
[17]董陈,乔海勇,牛国平,等.某600 MW机组SCR烟气脱硝装置优化设计[J].热力发电,2014,43(12):99-104.DONG Chen,Q1AO Haiyong,NIU Guoping,et al.Optimization design of SCR flue gas denitration equipment for a 600 MW unit[J].Thermal Power Generation,2014,43(12):99-104.
[18]李文杰.华润电力(涟源)有限公司SCR脱硝装置流场改造CFD数值模拟和物理模型试验技术报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2014.
[19]茅国庆,孟令航,庄亚洲,等.平板式脱硝催化剂应用于燃煤电厂的优势[J].电力建设,2013,34(2):87-90.MAO Guoqing,MENG Linghang,ZHUANG Yazhou,et al.Advantages of plate-type De-NOx catalysts applied in coal-fired power plant[J].Electric Power Construction,2013,34(2):87-90.
[2]HERMAN R G,SALE J W,STENGER H G.Monitoring aging and deactivation of emission abatement catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NOx[J].Topics in Catalysis,2002,18(3/4):251-257.
[3]西安热工研究院.火电厂SCR烟气脱硝技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013:23-24.
[4]TANG Fushun,XU Bolian,SHI Haihua,et al.The poisoning effect of Na+and Ca+2 ions doped on the V2O5/TiO2 catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2010,94(1/2):71-76.
[5]YOU Kunkun,MA Xiaocheng,LIU Jiantao,et al.Characteristic analysis of SCR flue gas denitrification catalyst in power plant[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,518-523:2423-2426.
[6]SHI Yajuan,SHU Hang,ZHANG Yuhua,et al.Formation and decomposition of NH4HSO4 during selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 over V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,150:141-147.
[7]杜振,钱徐悦,何胜,等.燃煤电厂烟气SCR脱硝成本分析与优化[J].中国电力,2013,46(10):124-128.DU Zhen,QIAN Xuyue,HE Sheng,et al.Analysis and optimization for operating costs of gas SCR de-NOx in coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power,2013,46(10):124-128.
[8]LI Qichao,CHEN Sifan,LIU Zhenyu,et al.Combined effect of KCl and SO2 on the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 over V2O5/TiO2 catalyst[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2015,164:475-482.
[9]HU P,HAN L,DONG S.A facile one-pot method to synthesize a polypyrrole/hemin nanocomposite and its application in biosensor,dye removal,and photothermal therapy[J].Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(1):500-506.
[10]张扬,杨用龙,冯前伟,等.燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝改造工程关键技术[J].中国电力,2015,48(4):32-35.ZHANG Yang,YANG Yonglong,FENG Qianwei,et al.Key technical issues of SCR denitrification from coal-fired boiler flue gas[J].Electric Power,2015,48(4):32-35.
[11]国家能源局.燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝流场模拟技术规范:DL/T1418-2015[S].2015.
[12]朱天宇,李德波,方庆艳,等.燃煤锅炉SCR烟气脱硝系统流场优化的数值模拟[J].动力工程学报,2015,35(6):481-488.ZHU Tianyu,LI Debo,FANG Qingyan,et al.Flow field optimization for SCR system of coa1-fired power plants[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2015,35(6):481-488.
[13]沈丹,仲兆平,过小玲.600 MW电厂SCR烟气脱硝反应器内不同导流板的流场数值模拟[J].电力环境保护,2007,23(1):42-45.SHEN Dan,ZHONG Zhaoping,GUO Xiaoling.Numerical simulation ot different guide plates in selective catalytic reduction denitrification reactor of 600 MW power plant[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2007,23(1):42-45.
[14]蔡小锋,李晓芸.SCR反应塔入口段烟气速度场的数值模拟[J].电力环境保护,2006,22(5):18-19.CAI Xiaofeng,LI Xiaoyun.Numerical simulation for flue gas velocity field at the entry section of SCR reaction tower[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2006,22(5):18-19.
[15]张波,牛国平,王月明,等.SCR系统急转烟道均流装置的数值模拟[J].热力发电,2014,43(4):87-94.ZHANG Bo,NIU Guoping,WANG Yueming,et al.Numerical simulation on a new type sharp bend flue equalizing device in SCRsystem of a 350 MW unit boiler[J].Thermal Power Generation,2014,43(4):87-94.
[16]赵大周,刘沛奇,何胜,等.燃煤电站SCR烟气脱硝CFD技术的研究进展[J].中国电力,2016,49(8):157-161.ZHAO Dazhou,LIU Peiqi,HE Sheng,et al.Research progress of CFD-based SCR flue gas De-NOx technology for coal-fired power plants[J].Electric Power,2016,49(8):157-161.
[17]董陈,乔海勇,牛国平,等.某600 MW机组SCR烟气脱硝装置优化设计[J].热力发电,2014,43(12):99-104.DONG Chen,Q1AO Haiyong,NIU Guoping,et al.Optimization design of SCR flue gas denitration equipment for a 600 MW unit[J].Thermal Power Generation,2014,43(12):99-104.
[18]李文杰.华润电力(涟源)有限公司SCR脱硝装置流场改造CFD数值模拟和物理模型试验技术报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2014.
[19]茅国庆,孟令航,庄亚洲,等.平板式脱硝催化剂应用于燃煤电厂的优势[J].电力建设,2013,34(2):87-90.MAO Guoqing,MENG Linghang,ZHUANG Yazhou,et al.Advantages of plate-type De-NOx catalysts applied in coal-fired power plant[J].Electric Power Construction,2013,34(2):87-90.
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