基于自然加倍为主体的DH双轮回选择玉米育种技术体系的构思
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摘要
依据相关理论和育种实践提出,在单倍体规模化育种技术基础上,应用单倍体轮选遗传修复原理,纳入主体杂优模式双向轮回选择育种理念,融入分子辅助设计、数据采集与分析处理等现代技术,构建"基于自然加倍为主体的单倍体双轮回育种集成技术体系"。通过对主体杂优模式的双向DH轮回循环选择改良,逐步累加农艺性状相关有益基因频率,快速聚合雄穗自然加倍基因,随育种进程逐步深入,形成两个相互对应的单倍体高自然加倍商业化核心种质群,逐步摆脱复杂苛刻的实验室或工厂化加倍技术环节,步入简捷高效的单倍体田间自然加倍技术体系。该体系能够实现育种技术全新跨越,大幅度提高育种效率,缩短育种年限,简化操作流程。
Based on related theory and breeding practice, at the foundation of scaled haploid breeding tech-nique, the genetic repairing mechanism of the haploids was applied to recover its doubling capabilities in recurrentselection scheme in this article. We are integrated this recovering doubling capabilities into the main frame of the bi-directional heterotic group breeding practice using recurrent breeding selection concept, and also incorporated intomodern technologies of molecular assisted design, and data collection and analysis, to construct a"double recurrentbreeding integrated technology system of the haploids, mainly to enhance the spontaneous doubling rate."Throughthe improvement of recovering haploids doubling rate into the main frame of bidirectional heterotic group recurrentbreeding scheme, we are able to rapid accumulate spontaneous doubling genes of the male tassel, and also cumula-tively to combine useful genes together for useful agronomic traits improvement. Follow the progression of breeding,we are able to generate two high haploid doubling commercial core germplasm heterotic groups of male and female.These two source materials help to give high haploid doubling rate, to help to bypass complicate and toxic laboratoryor industrialized chromosome doubling procedures, and to help to establish a very simplified and high throughput"field haploid spontaneous doubling technology system". This improved system can accomplish new crossing ofbreeding technology, greatly improve breeding efficiency, reduce breeding time, and simplify breeding procedures.
Based on related theory and breeding practice, at the foundation of scaled haploid breeding tech-nique, the genetic repairing mechanism of the haploids was applied to recover its doubling capabilities in recurrentselection scheme in this article. We are integrated this recovering doubling capabilities into the main frame of the bi-directional heterotic group breeding practice using recurrent breeding selection concept, and also incorporated intomodern technologies of molecular assisted design, and data collection and analysis, to construct a"double recurrentbreeding integrated technology system of the haploids, mainly to enhance the spontaneous doubling rate."Throughthe improvement of recovering haploids doubling rate into the main frame of bidirectional heterotic group recurrentbreeding scheme, we are able to rapid accumulate spontaneous doubling genes of the male tassel, and also cumula-tively to combine useful genes together for useful agronomic traits improvement. Follow the progression of breeding,we are able to generate two high haploid doubling commercial core germplasm heterotic groups of male and female.These two source materials help to give high haploid doubling rate, to help to bypass complicate and toxic laboratoryor industrialized chromosome doubling procedures, and to help to establish a very simplified and high throughput"field haploid spontaneous doubling technology system". This improved system can accomplish new crossing ofbreeding technology, greatly improve breeding efficiency, reduce breeding time, and simplify breeding procedures.
引文
[1]才卓,等.玉米单倍体雄穗自然加倍性轮选遗传修复与高加倍率材料的创制[J].玉米科学,2016,24(4):1-6.Cai Z,et al.Selection experiment of high spontaneous male-fertility-restorer frequency maize population[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2016,24(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
[2]董占山,高玉峰,柴宇超,等.玉米育种理论技术新拓展与商业育种实践[J].玉米科学,2016,24(1):1-7.Dong Z S,Gao Y F,Chai Y C,et al.Advances in maize breeding technologies and commercial breeding practices[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2016,24(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[3]董占山,卢洪,柴宇超,等.中国特色的玉米商业育种体系构建[J].玉米科学,2015,23(1):1-9.Dong Z S,Lu H,Chai Y C,et al.Concept and practices of maize commercial breeding in China[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2015,23(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[4]Hammer G L,Dong Z,Mc Lean G,et al.Can changes in canopy and/or root system architecture explain historical maize yield trends in the U.S.corn belt[J].Crop Science,2009,49(1):299-312.
[5]才卓,徐国良,任军,等.玉米杂交诱导单倍体选育自交系技术规范修订版[J].玉米科学,2013,21(2):1-5.Cai Z,Xu G L,Ren J,et al.Technique specifications for the breeding of maize inbred line using haploid induction from cross hybridization[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2013,21(2):1-5.(in Chinese)
[6]张铭堂,徐国良,才卓.玉米自交系选育的理论基础与实践经验[J]玉米科学,2010,18(2):1-4.Zhang M T,Xu G L,Cai Z.Theoretical foundation and practice experience of breeding for maize inbred lines[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(2):1-4.(in Chinese)
[7]Rotarenco V,Dicu G,Mihailov M,et al.Selection and breeding experiments at the haploid level in maize[J].Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science,2012,4(5):72-79.
[8]Shatskaya O A,Zabirova E R,Shcherbak V S.Autodiploid lines as sources of haploid spontaneousdiploidization[J].Maize Genet Coop Newsl,1994,68:51-52.
[9]Sugihara N,Higashigawa T,et al.Haploid plants carrying a sodium azide-induced mutation(fdr1)produce fertile pollen grain due to first division restitution(FDR)in maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Theor Appl Genrt,2013,126:2931-2941.
[10]刘小丹,任军,代玉仙,等.早熟高产优质玉米杂交种吉单441选育报告[J].现代农业科技,2014(24):61,70.Liu X D,Ren J,Dai Y X,et al.Breeding report of early maturity,high yield and good quality maize hybrid[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(24):61,70.(in Chinese)
[11]Cai Z,Xu G L,et al.High spontaneous male-fertility-restorer frequency in maize[J].Maize Genet Coop Newsl,2017,91.
[12]吴鹏昊.玉米生物诱导单倍体雄穗育性恢复研究[D].中国农业大学,2014.
[13]任姣姣.玉米单倍体自然加倍遗传及育性恢复主效QTL定位研究[D].中国农业大学,2017.
[14]Francia E,Tacconi G,Crosatti C,et al.Marker assisted selection in crop plants[J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult,2005,82:317-342.
[15]董春水,才卓.现代玉米育种技术研究进展与前瞻[J].玉米科学,2012,20(1):1-9.Dong C S,Cai Z.Current status and perspectives of maize breeding technologies[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2012,20(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[16]Messina C D,Podlich D,Dong Z,et al.Yield-trait performance landscapes:from theory to application in breeding maize for drought tolerance[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2011,62:855-868.
[17]陈绍江.作物育种工程化与育种学科创新探讨[A].中国作物学会.2017年中国作物学会学术年会摘要集[C].中国作物学会,2017.
[18]Cooper M,Messina C D,Podlich D,et al.Predicting the future of plant breeding:complementing empirical evaluation with genetic prediction[J].Crop and Pasture Science,2014,65(4):311-336.
[19]Loeffler C M,Wei J,Fast T,et al.Classification of maize environments using crop simulation and geographic information systems[J].Crop Sci.,2005,45:1708-1716.
[20]刘金.玉米单倍体自动化鉴别与新型诱导系选育研究[D].中国农业大学,2015.
[2]董占山,高玉峰,柴宇超,等.玉米育种理论技术新拓展与商业育种实践[J].玉米科学,2016,24(1):1-7.Dong Z S,Gao Y F,Chai Y C,et al.Advances in maize breeding technologies and commercial breeding practices[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2016,24(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[3]董占山,卢洪,柴宇超,等.中国特色的玉米商业育种体系构建[J].玉米科学,2015,23(1):1-9.Dong Z S,Lu H,Chai Y C,et al.Concept and practices of maize commercial breeding in China[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2015,23(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[4]Hammer G L,Dong Z,Mc Lean G,et al.Can changes in canopy and/or root system architecture explain historical maize yield trends in the U.S.corn belt[J].Crop Science,2009,49(1):299-312.
[5]才卓,徐国良,任军,等.玉米杂交诱导单倍体选育自交系技术规范修订版[J].玉米科学,2013,21(2):1-5.Cai Z,Xu G L,Ren J,et al.Technique specifications for the breeding of maize inbred line using haploid induction from cross hybridization[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2013,21(2):1-5.(in Chinese)
[6]张铭堂,徐国良,才卓.玉米自交系选育的理论基础与实践经验[J]玉米科学,2010,18(2):1-4.Zhang M T,Xu G L,Cai Z.Theoretical foundation and practice experience of breeding for maize inbred lines[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(2):1-4.(in Chinese)
[7]Rotarenco V,Dicu G,Mihailov M,et al.Selection and breeding experiments at the haploid level in maize[J].Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science,2012,4(5):72-79.
[8]Shatskaya O A,Zabirova E R,Shcherbak V S.Autodiploid lines as sources of haploid spontaneousdiploidization[J].Maize Genet Coop Newsl,1994,68:51-52.
[9]Sugihara N,Higashigawa T,et al.Haploid plants carrying a sodium azide-induced mutation(fdr1)produce fertile pollen grain due to first division restitution(FDR)in maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Theor Appl Genrt,2013,126:2931-2941.
[10]刘小丹,任军,代玉仙,等.早熟高产优质玉米杂交种吉单441选育报告[J].现代农业科技,2014(24):61,70.Liu X D,Ren J,Dai Y X,et al.Breeding report of early maturity,high yield and good quality maize hybrid[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2014(24):61,70.(in Chinese)
[11]Cai Z,Xu G L,et al.High spontaneous male-fertility-restorer frequency in maize[J].Maize Genet Coop Newsl,2017,91.
[12]吴鹏昊.玉米生物诱导单倍体雄穗育性恢复研究[D].中国农业大学,2014.
[13]任姣姣.玉米单倍体自然加倍遗传及育性恢复主效QTL定位研究[D].中国农业大学,2017.
[14]Francia E,Tacconi G,Crosatti C,et al.Marker assisted selection in crop plants[J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult,2005,82:317-342.
[15]董春水,才卓.现代玉米育种技术研究进展与前瞻[J].玉米科学,2012,20(1):1-9.Dong C S,Cai Z.Current status and perspectives of maize breeding technologies[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2012,20(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[16]Messina C D,Podlich D,Dong Z,et al.Yield-trait performance landscapes:from theory to application in breeding maize for drought tolerance[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2011,62:855-868.
[17]陈绍江.作物育种工程化与育种学科创新探讨[A].中国作物学会.2017年中国作物学会学术年会摘要集[C].中国作物学会,2017.
[18]Cooper M,Messina C D,Podlich D,et al.Predicting the future of plant breeding:complementing empirical evaluation with genetic prediction[J].Crop and Pasture Science,2014,65(4):311-336.
[19]Loeffler C M,Wei J,Fast T,et al.Classification of maize environments using crop simulation and geographic information systems[J].Crop Sci.,2005,45:1708-1716.
[20]刘金.玉米单倍体自动化鉴别与新型诱导系选育研究[D].中国农业大学,2015.