日粮添加中草药对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和肌纤维特性的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加中草药对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和肌纤维特性的影响。试验选取120头体重约60 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪,按体重相近、公母各半的原则随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。4个处理组分别在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素(对照组)、0.1%复合中草药添加剂(试验1组),0.5%复合中草药添加剂(试验2组),1%复合中草药添加剂(试验3组),试验为期28d。结果表明:试验1组末重和平均日增重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但试验2、3组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试验3组育肥猪的平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05)。在肉品质方面,与对照组相比,试验1组肌肉的L*值显著提高(P<0.05),试验2、3组肌肉的a*值显著提高(P<0.05),试验3组肌肉的大理石纹评分显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加0.5%和1%的复合中草药添加剂可以提高育肥猪生产性能,达到或接近抗生素的添加效果,且在提高猪肉品质方面优于抗生素,显示出良好的抗生素替代效果。
This study was conducted to study the effects of Chinese herbs added to diet on growth performance,meat quality and muscle fiber characteristics of fattening pigs. 120 fattening pigs(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire)were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group of 3 replicates with 10 piglets per replicate. The four group were fed with basal diets + antibiotics(control treat,CT),basal diets + 0.1%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET1),basal diets + 0.5%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET2),basal diets + 1%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET3). The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that the final weight and average daily gain of ET1 was significantly lower than that of CT(P < 0.05),but the final weight and average daily gain of ET2 and ET3 had no significant difference when compared with CT(P > 0.05). ET3 significantly increased the average daily feed intake of fattening pig than that of CT(P < 0.05). Compared with CT,ET1 significantly improve the muscle L* value(P < 0.05),ET2 and ET3 significantly improved the muscle a* value(P < 0.05). Besides,ET3 also significantly increased the muscle marbling score(P < 0.05). In conclusion,ET2 and ET3 can improve the performance of fattening pigs,achieve or close to the effect of antibiotics,and improve the quality of pork better than antibiotics,showing a good effect of antibiotic substitution.
This study was conducted to study the effects of Chinese herbs added to diet on growth performance,meat quality and muscle fiber characteristics of fattening pigs. 120 fattening pigs(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire)were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group of 3 replicates with 10 piglets per replicate. The four group were fed with basal diets + antibiotics(control treat,CT),basal diets + 0.1%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET1),basal diets + 0.5%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET2),basal diets + 1%Chinese herbs(experiment treat,ET3). The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that the final weight and average daily gain of ET1 was significantly lower than that of CT(P < 0.05),but the final weight and average daily gain of ET2 and ET3 had no significant difference when compared with CT(P > 0.05). ET3 significantly increased the average daily feed intake of fattening pig than that of CT(P < 0.05). Compared with CT,ET1 significantly improve the muscle L* value(P < 0.05),ET2 and ET3 significantly improved the muscle a* value(P < 0.05). Besides,ET3 also significantly increased the muscle marbling score(P < 0.05). In conclusion,ET2 and ET3 can improve the performance of fattening pigs,achieve or close to the effect of antibiotics,and improve the quality of pork better than antibiotics,showing a good effect of antibiotic substitution.
引文
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[14]张伟力.猪肉质地与风味测定[J].养猪,2002,4:33~35.
[15]周海萍.复方中药制剂与木醋液对育肥猪生长及肉质影响的比较研究[D].延边:延边大学,2009.
[16]周明,王井亮,吴义师,等.酵母培养物和黄霉素对育肥猪饲用效果的比较研究[J].经济动物学报,2011,15(3):129~133.
[17]周维仁,李优琴,樊磊.中草药饲料添加剂及其研究进展[J].畜禽业,2000,1:34~37.
[18]Goforth R L,Goforth C R.Appropriate regulation of antibiotics in livestock feed[J].BC Envtl.Aff.L.Rev.,2000,28:39.
[19]Kong X F,Wu G Y,Liao Y P,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal ultrafine powder as a dietary additive on growth performance,serumm etabolites and intestinal health in early-weaned piglets[J].Lives tock Science,2007,108(1):272~275.
[20]Lien T F,Horng Y M,Wu C P.Feasibility of replacing antibiotic feed promoters with the Chinese traditional herbal medicine Bazhenin weanedpiglets[J].Livestock Science,2007,107(2):97~102.
[21]Zhang C,Wang J,Liu T,et al.The Effects of Ligustrum lucidum Extract on Growth Performance and Meat Quality in GrowingFinishing Pigs[J].Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,2012,11(18):3342~3345.
[2]高海霞.中草药添加剂对香猪生长性能,肉品质及血液生化指标的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2010.
[3]李瑞,胡国良,刘明,等.日粮中添加中草药制剂对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(2):96~100.
[4]刘居鹏,单安山,彭济昌.猪肌纤维发育及其与肉质的关系[J].中国饲料,2006,16:11~14.
[5]马国辅.猪肉品质的影响因素分析及改善措施[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2015,6:203~205.
[6]孟令丽,梁成云,李洪龙.日粮中添加中草药对冻藏猪肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2007,12:112~114.
[7]孙建广,张石蕊,谯仕彦,等.发酵乳酸杆菌对生长肥育猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(1):132~138.
[8]童建国.中草药提取物对育肥猪生产性能和肉质的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2005.
[9]王丽娜,王珍,彭建龙,等.表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对育肥猪骨骼肌纤维类型的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(8):1581~1591.
[10]徐小波,胡荣,瞿永前.中草药添加剂对猪育肥性能和肉质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2012,3:23.
[11]杨晓静,赵茹茜,陈杰,等.猪背最长肌肌纤维类型的发育性变化及其品种和性别特点[J].中国兽医学报,2005,1:32.
[12]曾圣宏.复方中草药对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[13]张伟力.猪肉肉色与酸度测定方法[J].养猪,2002,2:33~34.
[14]张伟力.猪肉质地与风味测定[J].养猪,2002,4:33~35.
[15]周海萍.复方中药制剂与木醋液对育肥猪生长及肉质影响的比较研究[D].延边:延边大学,2009.
[16]周明,王井亮,吴义师,等.酵母培养物和黄霉素对育肥猪饲用效果的比较研究[J].经济动物学报,2011,15(3):129~133.
[17]周维仁,李优琴,樊磊.中草药饲料添加剂及其研究进展[J].畜禽业,2000,1:34~37.
[18]Goforth R L,Goforth C R.Appropriate regulation of antibiotics in livestock feed[J].BC Envtl.Aff.L.Rev.,2000,28:39.
[19]Kong X F,Wu G Y,Liao Y P,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal ultrafine powder as a dietary additive on growth performance,serumm etabolites and intestinal health in early-weaned piglets[J].Lives tock Science,2007,108(1):272~275.
[20]Lien T F,Horng Y M,Wu C P.Feasibility of replacing antibiotic feed promoters with the Chinese traditional herbal medicine Bazhenin weanedpiglets[J].Livestock Science,2007,107(2):97~102.
[21]Zhang C,Wang J,Liu T,et al.The Effects of Ligustrum lucidum Extract on Growth Performance and Meat Quality in GrowingFinishing Pigs[J].Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,2012,11(18):3342~3345.