雷管延期误差对地震波叠加降振的概率分析
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摘要
基于不同距离处测点的实测单孔波形,以1 ms等间隔双段叠加方法得到了叠加信号振速幅值随距离的变化情况,并确定了各测点最优微差时间。在考虑雷管延期误差的基础上,建立概率模型定量分析了延期误差对地震波干扰降振的影响。结果表明:近距离测点,低段位雷管的降振概率较大,远距离测点,高段位雷管的降振概率较大;此外,低段位雷管的降振概率受测点距离影响较大,高段位雷管所受影响较小。在实际爆破设计中,可根据不同测点处所允许的最大振速,对爆源处的雷管段别进行优化选取,为爆破设计提供有益的参考依据。
Based on measured single-hole waveforms at points with different distances, vibration velocity amplitude variations of superposed signals with variation of distance were obtained by using the method of 1 ms equal interval double-segment superposition, and the optimal delay time at each measured point was determined. Considering time-delay error of detonators, a probability model was established to quantitatively analyze influence of time-delay error of detonators on seismic wave interference vibration reduction. The results showed that at the measured point with near distance, low segment location detonator has a larger vibration reduction probability, while at the measured point with far distance, high segment location detonator has a larger vibration reduction probability; the distance of the measured point more largely affects the vibration reduction probability of low segment location detonator, but it affects that of high segment location detonator less; in the actual blasting design, the detonator segment number at the blast source can be chosen optimally according to the allowable maximum vibration velocity at different measured points to provide a useful reference for the blasting design.
Based on measured single-hole waveforms at points with different distances, vibration velocity amplitude variations of superposed signals with variation of distance were obtained by using the method of 1 ms equal interval double-segment superposition, and the optimal delay time at each measured point was determined. Considering time-delay error of detonators, a probability model was established to quantitatively analyze influence of time-delay error of detonators on seismic wave interference vibration reduction. The results showed that at the measured point with near distance, low segment location detonator has a larger vibration reduction probability, while at the measured point with far distance, high segment location detonator has a larger vibration reduction probability; the distance of the measured point more largely affects the vibration reduction probability of low segment location detonator, but it affects that of high segment location detonator less; in the actual blasting design, the detonator segment number at the blast source can be chosen optimally according to the allowable maximum vibration velocity at different measured points to provide a useful reference for the blasting design.
引文
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[9] 姚尧,李鹏,王键.非电毫秒雷管延时特性[J].爆破,2000,17(增刊1):256-261.YAO Yao,LI Peng,WANG Jian.The delay characteristics of nonel mill isecond detonator[J].Blasting,2000,17(Sup 1):256-261.
[10] 韩亮.深孔台阶爆破近区振动效应的试验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016:95-96.
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[12] HIZEN K G.Modelling of blast vibrations[J].Rock Mech.Min.Sci.&Geomech,1988,25(6):439-445.
[2] 赵明生,张建华,易长平.基于单段波形叠加的爆破振动信号时频分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1279-1282.ZHAO Mingsheng,ZHANG Jianhua,YI Changping.Time-frequency analysis based on single-stage addition of waveforms of blasting vibration signals[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1279-1282.
[3] 陈士海,燕永峰,戚桂峰,等.微差爆破降震效果影响因素分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):3003-3008.CHEN Shihai,YAN Yongfeng,QI Guifeng,et al.Analysis of influence factors of interference vibration reduction of millisecond blasting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):3003-3008.
[4] 邱贤阳,史秀志,周健,等.基于HHT能量谱的高精度雷管短微差爆破降振效果分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(1):107-113.QIU Xianyang,SHI Xiuzhi,ZHOU Jian,et al.On vibration reduction effect of short millisecond blasting by high-precision detonator based on HHT energy spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2017,37(1):107-113.
[5] 杨年华.应用电子雷管进行干扰降振爆破试验研究[J].工程爆破,2013,19(6):41-45.YANG Nianhua.Blasting experimental study on vibration reduction through interference waveform caused by electronic detonator[J].Engineering Blasting,2013,19(6):41-45.
[6] 高文学,杨军,肖鹏飞,等.基于精确延期的深孔控制爆破技术[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增刊2):386-390.GAO Wenxue,YANG Jun,XIAO Pengfei,et al.Deep-hole controlled blasting technology based on precise time delay[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(Sup 2):386-390.
[7] 何理,钟冬望,王文波.精确延时控制爆破试验及振动信号分析[J].爆破,2015,32(2):22-28.HE Li,ZHONG Dongwang,WANG Wenbo.Controlled blasting test with precise delay timeand analysis of blasting vibration signals[J].Blasting,2015,32(2):22-28.
[8] 凌同华,李夕兵,王桂尧.爆破震动灾害主动控制方法研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1439-1442.LING Tonghua,LI Xibing,WANG Guiyao.A study on initiative control of blast vibration damages[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1439-1442.
[9] 姚尧,李鹏,王键.非电毫秒雷管延时特性[J].爆破,2000,17(增刊1):256-261.YAO Yao,LI Peng,WANG Jian.The delay characteristics of nonel mill isecond detonator[J].Blasting,2000,17(Sup 1):256-261.
[10] 韩亮.深孔台阶爆破近区振动效应的试验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016:95-96.
[11] ANDERSON D A,RITTER A P,WINZER S R,et al.A method site-specific prediction and control of ground vibration from blasting[C].Proc.1st Symp.On Explosives and Blasting Research,1985:28-42.
[12] HIZEN K G.Modelling of blast vibrations[J].Rock Mech.Min.Sci.&Geomech,1988,25(6):439-445.