高铁开通抑制了城市环境污染吗?
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摘要
文章使用2003-2016年全国270个地级及以上城市的数据,构建双重差分(DID)模型,研究高铁开通对城市环境污染的影响效应。结果表明,城市高铁开通有效降低了城市的环境污染程度;改变模型设定和样本范围以及替换被解释变量后,研究结论依然稳健。但这种影响效应具有地区差异性,对属于"两控区"或者人口规模较大的城市而言,高铁开通对环境污染的抑制效应更强,西部地区的抑制效应比东、中部地区更为明显。
The paper, using the data of 270 cities at prefecture-level or above in China from 2003 to 2016, builds the difference-in-difference model to study the effect of the opening of high-speed railway(HSR) on environmental pollution. The results show that the opening of HSR effectively reduces the level of urban environmental pollution; The robustness checks of changing model specification and sample range, replacing the dependent variables come to the same conclusion. However, this kind of effect varies among regions. The inhibiting effect will be stronger in cities which belong to"Two Control Zone", western region or cities with large population.
The paper, using the data of 270 cities at prefecture-level or above in China from 2003 to 2016, builds the difference-in-difference model to study the effect of the opening of high-speed railway(HSR) on environmental pollution. The results show that the opening of HSR effectively reduces the level of urban environmental pollution; The robustness checks of changing model specification and sample range, replacing the dependent variables come to the same conclusion. However, this kind of effect varies among regions. The inhibiting effect will be stronger in cities which belong to"Two Control Zone", western region or cities with large population.
引文
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[19]王玉红,张林,曹亚丽,等.高速铁路建设的环境影响分析及环保策略建议——以沪宁城际铁路为例[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(6):179-183.
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[21]WANG C,DU X,LIU Y. Measuring Spatial Spillover Effects of Industrial Emissions:A Method and Case Study in Anhui Province,China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,141(1):1240-1248.
[22]傅京燕.产业特征、环境规制与大气污染排放的实证研究——以广东省制造业为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2009,20(2):73-77.
[23]CAI X,LU Y,WU M,et al. Does Environmental Regulation Drive Away Inbound Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence From a Quasi-natural Experiment in China[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2016,123(11):73-85.
[24]梁文泉,陆铭.后工业化时代的城市:城市规模影响服务业人力资本外部性的微观证据[J].经济研究,2016,51(12):90-103.
[2]许和连,邓玉萍.外商直接投资导致了中国的环境污染吗?——基于中国省际面板数据的空间计量研究[J].管理世界,2012,28(2):30-43.
[3]包群,邵敏,杨大利.环境管制抑制了污染排放吗?[J].经济研究,2013,59(12):42-54.
[4]SONG M,ZHENG W,WANG Z. Environmental Efficiency and Energy Consumption of Highway Transportation Systems in China[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2016,181(11):441-449.
[5]马丽梅,刘生龙,张晓.能源结构、交通模式与雾霾污染——基于空间计量模型的研究[J].财贸经济,2016,37(1):147-160.
[6]FU S,GU Y. Highway Toll and Air Pollution:Evidence from Chinese Cities[J]. Journal of Environmental Economics&Management,2017,83(5):32-49.
[7]CHEN Y,WHALLEY A. Green Infrastructure:The Effects of Urban Rail Transit on Air Quality[J]. American Economic Journal Economic Policy,2012,4(1):58-97.
[8]梁若冰,席鹏辉.轨道交通对空气污染的异质性影响——基于RDID方法的经验研究[J].中国工业经济,2016,34(3):83-98.
[9]SONG M,ZHANG G,ZENG W,et al. Railway Transportation and Environmental Efficiency in China[J]. Transportation Research Part D,2016,48(10):488-498.
[10]ZHENG S,KAHN M E. China’s Bullet Trains Facilitate Market Integration and Mitigate the Cost of Mega City Growth[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(1):53-53.
[11]刘勇政,李岩.中国的高速铁路建设与城市经济增长[J].金融研究,2017,60(11):18-33
[12]王雨飞,倪鹏飞.高速铁路影响下的经济增长溢出与区域空间优化[J].中国工业经济,2016,34(2):21-36.
[13]YU Q.‘No County Left Behind?’The Distributional Impact of High-Speed Rail Upgrades in China[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2017,17(3):489-520.
[14]董艳梅,朱英明.高铁建设能否重塑中国的经济空间布局——基于就业、工资和经济增长的区域异质性视角[J].中国工业经济,2016,34(10):92-108.
[15]邓涛涛,王丹丹,程少勇.高速铁路对城市服务业集聚的影响[J].财经研究,2017,43(7):119-132.
[16]YUE Y,WANG T,LIANG S,et al. Life Cycle Assessment of High Speed Rail in China[J]. Transportation Research Part D,2015,41(12):367-376.
[17]CHESTER M,HORVATH A. Life-Cycle Assessment of High-Speed Rail:The Case of California[J]. Environmental Research Letters,2010,136(5):123-129.
[18]CHESTER M V,Ryerson M S. Grand Challenges for HighSpeed Rail Environmental Assessment in the United States[J]. Transportation Research Part A,2014,61(61):15-26.
[19]王玉红,张林,曹亚丽,等.高速铁路建设的环境影响分析及环保策略建议——以沪宁城际铁路为例[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(6):179-183.
[20]GROSSMAN G M,Krueger A B. Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing,1991,8(2):223-250.
[21]WANG C,DU X,LIU Y. Measuring Spatial Spillover Effects of Industrial Emissions:A Method and Case Study in Anhui Province,China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,141(1):1240-1248.
[22]傅京燕.产业特征、环境规制与大气污染排放的实证研究——以广东省制造业为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2009,20(2):73-77.
[23]CAI X,LU Y,WU M,et al. Does Environmental Regulation Drive Away Inbound Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence From a Quasi-natural Experiment in China[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2016,123(11):73-85.
[24]梁文泉,陆铭.后工业化时代的城市:城市规模影响服务业人力资本外部性的微观证据[J].经济研究,2016,51(12):90-103.