生防菌株NJ13与化学农药复配对人参黑斑病的联合毒力及田间防效
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摘要
[目的]明确NJ13菌株与化学农药复配对人参黑斑病菌的联合毒力和田间防治效果。[方法]生长速率法测定生防菌株及与化学农药复配对人参黑斑病菌的室内毒力及联合毒力,通过显微观察确定生防菌株对人参黑斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果,喷雾法评价生防菌株NJ13分别与2种化学药剂复配对人参黑斑病的田间防治效果。[结果]研究表明,NJ13菌株对人参黑斑病菌抑制效果最好,EC_(50)值为0.0047 mg/L。与嘧菌环胺不同配比对病原菌的联合毒力较单剂均具有增效作用,其中增效最佳配比为2∶3,共毒系数为6751.4,与苯醚甲环唑的不同配比中,除1∶1(体积比)联合毒力为拮抗作用,其他配比均为增效作用,最佳配比为2∶3,共毒系数为4166。NJ13菌株分别与50%嘧菌环胺WG、10%苯醚甲环唑WG复配对人参黑斑病的田间防治效果均高于单剂处理,防效达到87.97%和89.33%。[结论]生防菌株NJ13对人参黑斑病菌具有较好的抑制作用,分别与嘧菌环胺、苯醚甲环唑复配对人参黑斑病的联合毒力和田间防效具有增效作用。
[Aims] This study aim to clarify the co-toxicity and field control effect of NJ13 strain and its mixture with chemical fungicide against Alternaria panax caused by ginseng black spot. [Methods] The inhibitory activity of NJ13 to A. panax was tested by method of mycelial growth rate. The method of microscopic observation was used to determine the morphological change of hyphae of A. panax treated by strain NJ13. The field control effect of biocontrol strain NJ13 mixed with two chemical agents respectively on ginseng black spot disease was evaluated by spray method. [Results]The results of indoor toxicity test showed that NJ13 strain had the best inhibitory effect on A. panax with the EC_(50) value of 0.0047 mg/L. The co-toxicity of different ratios of mixture of NJ13 and cyprodinil to pathogen had synergistic effect compared with single agent, with the best ratio of 2∶3, and the co-toxicity coefficient of 6751.4. The combined toxicity of different ratios of mixture of NJ13 and difenoconazole was also synergistic except for the volume ratio of 1∶1, with the optimal ratio of 2∶3, and the co-toxicity coefficient is 4166. The field control effect of NJ13 strain mixed with cyprodinil50% WG and difenoconazole 10% WG on ginseng black spot was higher than single treatment, and the control effect was 87.97 and 89.33%, respectively. [Conclutions] The biocontrol strain NJ13 had a good inhibitory effect on A. panax,and the co-toxicity and field control effect of NJ13 strain mixed with cyprodinil and difenoconazole separately were both synergistic.
[Aims] This study aim to clarify the co-toxicity and field control effect of NJ13 strain and its mixture with chemical fungicide against Alternaria panax caused by ginseng black spot. [Methods] The inhibitory activity of NJ13 to A. panax was tested by method of mycelial growth rate. The method of microscopic observation was used to determine the morphological change of hyphae of A. panax treated by strain NJ13. The field control effect of biocontrol strain NJ13 mixed with two chemical agents respectively on ginseng black spot disease was evaluated by spray method. [Results]The results of indoor toxicity test showed that NJ13 strain had the best inhibitory effect on A. panax with the EC_(50) value of 0.0047 mg/L. The co-toxicity of different ratios of mixture of NJ13 and cyprodinil to pathogen had synergistic effect compared with single agent, with the best ratio of 2∶3, and the co-toxicity coefficient of 6751.4. The combined toxicity of different ratios of mixture of NJ13 and difenoconazole was also synergistic except for the volume ratio of 1∶1, with the optimal ratio of 2∶3, and the co-toxicity coefficient is 4166. The field control effect of NJ13 strain mixed with cyprodinil50% WG and difenoconazole 10% WG on ginseng black spot was higher than single treatment, and the control effect was 87.97 and 89.33%, respectively. [Conclutions] The biocontrol strain NJ13 had a good inhibitory effect on A. panax,and the co-toxicity and field control effect of NJ13 strain mixed with cyprodinil and difenoconazole separately were both synergistic.
引文
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[10]马志强,牛芳胜,毕秋艳,等.哈茨木霉菌与啶酰菌胺联用对番茄灰霉病菌的增效机制[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(4):369-373.
[2]傅俊范.药用植物病理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:143.
[3]姜云,尹望,陈长卿,等.人参内生拮抗细菌NJ13的鉴定及发酵条件[J].农药,2013,52(2):97-101.
[4]孙广宇,宗兆峰,王建明,等.植物病理学实验技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:142-143.
[5]陈长卿,李桐,李欣莲,等.人参内生细菌NJ13在宿主体内定殖特性及对人参黑斑病的防治效果[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(10):1782-1787.
[6]常有宏,刘邮洲,王宏,等.嘧霉胺与枯草芽孢杆菌B-916协同防治梨黑斑病[J].江苏农业学报,2010,26(6):1227-1232.
[7]陈志谊,刘永锋,陆凡.井冈霉素和生防菌Bs-916协同控病作用及增效机理[J].植物保护学报,2003(4):429-434.
[8]刘淑娟,陈秀蓉,袁宏波,等.芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)与甲基硫菌灵混配对茄腐镰孢菌(Fusarium solani)的抑制作用[J].植物保护,2008(5):149-152.
[9]刘邮洲,陈志谊,刘永锋,等.枯草芽孢杆菌sf 628和咪鲜胺锰盐协同作用防治番茄枯萎病[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(6):249-253.
[10]马志强,牛芳胜,毕秋艳,等.哈茨木霉菌与啶酰菌胺联用对番茄灰霉病菌的增效机制[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(4):369-373.