三塘湖盆地芦草沟组页岩有机显微组分扫描电镜研究
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摘要
三塘湖盆地芦草沟组泥页岩处于低成熟-成熟早期阶段,热演化成熟度适宜,源岩有机质丰度高,类型好,以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型为主;大量烃类滞留于烃源岩中,形成页岩油,为一套优质烃源岩。扫描电镜具有放大倍数高,图像立体感强,制样方法简单等优点,使得显微组分原始状态及与矿物接触关系得以保存,是研究有机显微组分的良好手段。芦草沟组页岩有机显微组分种类丰富,笔者利用扫描电镜及能谱仪,通过形貌特征、赋存状态及化学成分识别出了腐泥组、镜质组、惰质组、壳质组和动物有机碎屑,五大显微组分组中的沥青质体、镜质体、丝质体、孢粉体、角质体、树脂体和动物碎屑体等七种显微组分,并详细介绍了每种显微组分的形成原因、形态特征及识别方法。芦草沟组页岩中,沥青质体是最主要的显微组分,具有很好的生烃潜力。
The shale of Lucaogou Formation in the Santanghu Basin is in the low maturity,and the thermal maturity is in good stage.The total organic carbon( TOC) is high,and the organic matter types are type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ. A large number of hydrocarbons are retained in the source rocks,so the shale of Lucaogou Formation is a set of high quality hydrocarbon source rocks. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) has the advantages of high magnification,strong stereoscopic image and simple sample preparation. The method of sample preparation can preserve the contact relationship between the macerals and minerals,so it is a good means to study the organic macerals. The type of organic macerals in the Lucaogou shales is rich. We identified seven types of organic macerals by SEM and energy disperse spectroscopy( EDS),which are bituminite,vitrinite,fusinite,sporinite,cutinite,resinite and animal detritus. Bituminite is the main organic maceral,and the hydrocarbon potential is high.
The shale of Lucaogou Formation in the Santanghu Basin is in the low maturity,and the thermal maturity is in good stage.The total organic carbon( TOC) is high,and the organic matter types are type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ. A large number of hydrocarbons are retained in the source rocks,so the shale of Lucaogou Formation is a set of high quality hydrocarbon source rocks. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) has the advantages of high magnification,strong stereoscopic image and simple sample preparation. The method of sample preparation can preserve the contact relationship between the macerals and minerals,so it is a good means to study the organic macerals. The type of organic macerals in the Lucaogou shales is rich. We identified seven types of organic macerals by SEM and energy disperse spectroscopy( EDS),which are bituminite,vitrinite,fusinite,sporinite,cutinite,resinite and animal detritus. Bituminite is the main organic maceral,and the hydrocarbon potential is high.
引文
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[3]黄志龙,郭小波,柳波,等.马朗凹陷芦草沟组源岩油储集空间特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1116-1121.
[4]吴红烛,黄志龙,杨柏松,等.马朗凹陷低熟页岩油地球化学特征及成烃机理[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2014,44(1):56-66.
[5]中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准. SY/T5125-2014透射光-荧光干酪根显微组分鉴定及类型划分方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.
[6]中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准. SY/T6414-2014全岩光片显微组分鉴定及统计方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.
[7]焦淑静,张慧,薛东川,等.泥页岩有机显微组分的扫描电镜形貌特征及识别方法[J].电子显微学报,2018,37(2):137-144.
[8]张慧,焦淑静,李贵红,等.非常规油气储层的扫描电镜研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2016:87-88.
[9]金奎励,刘大锰,姚素平,等.中国油气源岩有机成分成因划分及地化特征[J].沉积学报,1997,15(2):160-163.
[10]张慧,李小彦,郝琦,等.中国煤的扫描电子显微镜研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2003:10-23.
[11] DAVIS M R,WHITE A,DEEGAN M D. Scanning electron microscopy of coal macerals[J]. FUEL,1986,65:277-280.