阀体密封件用TPU材料合成及性能评估
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摘要
以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、3,3'-二甲基联苯基-4,4'-二异氰酸酯(TODI)和氢醌-双(2-羟乙基醚)(HQEE)为原料,采用预聚体法合成了两种不同二异氰酸酯类型的阀体密封件用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)。考察了TPU的室温和高温力学性能、压缩性能、耐疲劳性能、磨耗和耐酸性介质性能。结果表明,MDI型TPU的定伸强度、拉伸强度和撕裂强度优于TODI型TPU,TODI型TPU的断裂伸长率优于MDI型TPU,TODI型TPU在80℃的力学性能明显优于MDI型TPU; TODI型TPU的承压性能、耐疲劳性和耐磨性比MDI型TPU的好;两种TPU对硫酸溶液的耐受性较好,对盐酸溶液和氢氟酸溶液有一定的耐受性,对硝酸溶液的耐受性很差。
Two kinds of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers( TPU) for valve body seals were synthesized by prepolymer method from polycarbonate diol( PCDL),4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate( MDI),3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate( TODI) and hydroquinone bis( 2-hydroxyethyl ether)( HQEE). The mechanical properties at room and high temperature,compressive properties,fatigue resistance,wear resistance and acid resistance of TPU were studied. The results showed that the modulus,tensile strength and tear strength of MDI type TPU were better than that of TODI type TPU. The elongation at break of TODI type TPU was better than that of MDI type TPU. The mechanical properties of TODI TPU at 80 ℃ were better than that of MDI type TPU. The bearing capacity,flexural fracture properties and wear resistance of TODI type TPU were better than that of MDI type TPU. Two kinds of TPU had good tolerance to sulfuric acid solution,to hydrochloric acid solution and hydrofluoric acid solution in a limited range,but not to nitric acid solution.
Two kinds of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers( TPU) for valve body seals were synthesized by prepolymer method from polycarbonate diol( PCDL),4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate( MDI),3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate( TODI) and hydroquinone bis( 2-hydroxyethyl ether)( HQEE). The mechanical properties at room and high temperature,compressive properties,fatigue resistance,wear resistance and acid resistance of TPU were studied. The results showed that the modulus,tensile strength and tear strength of MDI type TPU were better than that of TODI type TPU. The elongation at break of TODI type TPU was better than that of MDI type TPU. The mechanical properties of TODI TPU at 80 ℃ were better than that of MDI type TPU. The bearing capacity,flexural fracture properties and wear resistance of TODI type TPU were better than that of MDI type TPU. Two kinds of TPU had good tolerance to sulfuric acid solution,to hydrochloric acid solution and hydrofluoric acid solution in a limited range,but not to nitric acid solution.
引文
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