罗斯共同体的想象策略——以《伊戈尔远征记》为例
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摘要
罗斯共同体的想象策略乃是一个值得加以学术观照的问题。《伊戈尔远征记》作为12世纪古俄罗斯文学的经典,从其文本中可以钩稽出对罗斯共同体的想象。此种想象是通过两种策略来完成的。第一,采用"妖魔化他者"等手段,完成了对"自我"和"他者"的定义与区分;第二,在区分"他者"的同时,通过想象罗斯人在时间层面共享共同的历史文化,在空间层面共享同样的地理景观,因此构筑出拥有相似的思维方式与审美判断的共同体——罗斯,是为罗斯共同体想象的第二种策略。第一种策略借助负面定义"他者"来建构罗斯共同体,第二种策略则是依靠凝聚"自我",经此两种策略,作品完成了对罗斯共同体的想象。
Ross Community's imagination is a question that deserves academic consideration. As a classic of ancient Russian literature in the 12 th century, Igor Expedition can give an accurate account of Ross Community's imagination. This imagination is done through two strategies. First, the definition and distinction of "ego" and "the other" are accomplished through such means as "demonizing the Other". Second, while distinguishing "the Other", they share the the same history and culture at the time level and share the same geographical landscape at the spatial level. Therefore, building Ross, a community with similar modes of thinking and aesthetic judgment, is the second strategy imagined by the Ross community. The first strategy constructs the community of Ross by means of negative definition of "the Other," and the second strategy relies on the cohesion of "ego." By these two strategies, the work completes the imagination of the Ross community.
Ross Community's imagination is a question that deserves academic consideration. As a classic of ancient Russian literature in the 12 th century, Igor Expedition can give an accurate account of Ross Community's imagination. This imagination is done through two strategies. First, the definition and distinction of "ego" and "the other" are accomplished through such means as "demonizing the Other". Second, while distinguishing "the Other", they share the the same history and culture at the time level and share the same geographical landscape at the spatial level. Therefore, building Ross, a community with similar modes of thinking and aesthetic judgment, is the second strategy imagined by the Ross community. The first strategy constructs the community of Ross by means of negative definition of "the Other," and the second strategy relies on the cohesion of "ego." By these two strategies, the work completes the imagination of the Ross community.
引文
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[3][美]大卫·科泽:仪式、政治与权力[M],王海洲译,江苏:江苏人民出版社,2015。
[4]Walzer,Micheal.On the role of symbolism in political thought.Political Science Quarterly Vol.82(2).1967.
[5]张剑:西方文论关键词:他者[J]//外国文学,2011年第1期。
[6][俄]瓦·奥·克柳切夫斯基:俄国史教程第一卷[M],张草纫等译,商务印书馆,2013。
[7][英]齐格曼·鲍曼:现代性与大屠杀[M],杨渝东,史建华译,译林出版社,2011。
[8][法]安德烈·塔吉耶夫:种族主义源流[M],高凌瀚译,三联书店,2005。
[9]伊戈尔远征记[M],魏荒弩译,人民文学出版社,1991。
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[11]Waliszewski,K.“The Epic Age.”in Dennis Poupard&Jelena O.Krstovic(eds),Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,vol.1,Gale,1988.
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[16][英]休·希顿·沃森:民族与国家[M],吴洪英,黄群译,中央民族大学出版社,2009。
[17]Myerhoff,Barbara.A death in due time:Construction of self and culture in ritual drama.[C]in John J.Mac Aloon,ed.Rite,Drama,Festival,Spectacle,Philadelphia:ISHI.1984.
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[19]张广翔:俄国村社制度论述[J]//吉林大学社会科学学报,1997年第4期。
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[21]Magnus,Leonard A.Introduction[M]in Dennis Poupard&Jelena O.Krstovic(eds),Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,vol.1,Gale,1988.
(1)若谈及俄罗斯国家,则史有“基辅公国”(Киевское княжество)之称。参见左少兴《漫谈Русь》,《中国俄语教学》1997年第4期。
[2][美]本尼迪克特·安德森:想象的共同体:民族主义的起源与散布[M],吴叡人译,上海人民出版社,2005。
[3][美]大卫·科泽:仪式、政治与权力[M],王海洲译,江苏:江苏人民出版社,2015。
[4]Walzer,Micheal.On the role of symbolism in political thought.Political Science Quarterly Vol.82(2).1967.
[5]张剑:西方文论关键词:他者[J]//外国文学,2011年第1期。
[6][俄]瓦·奥·克柳切夫斯基:俄国史教程第一卷[M],张草纫等译,商务印书馆,2013。
[7][英]齐格曼·鲍曼:现代性与大屠杀[M],杨渝东,史建华译,译林出版社,2011。
[8][法]安德烈·塔吉耶夫:种族主义源流[M],高凌瀚译,三联书店,2005。
[9]伊戈尔远征记[M],魏荒弩译,人民文学出版社,1991。
[10]杨周翰:欧洲文学史(上)[M],人民文学出版社,1980。
[11]Waliszewski,K.“The Epic Age.”in Dennis Poupard&Jelena O.Krstovic(eds),Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,vol.1,Gale,1988.
[12][俄]德·谢·利哈乔夫:解读俄罗斯[M],吴晓都等译,北京大学出版社,2003。
[13]刘亚丁:观象之镜:俄罗斯建构中国形象的自我意识[C]//乐黛云、李比雄:跨文化对话,第20辑,江苏人民出版社,2007。
[14][瑞士]皮亚杰:发生认识学原理[M],王宪钿译,商务印书馆,1981。
[15][英]迈克·布朗:文化地理学[M],南京大学出版,2003。
[16][英]休·希顿·沃森:民族与国家[M],吴洪英,黄群译,中央民族大学出版社,2009。
[17]Myerhoff,Barbara.A death in due time:Construction of self and culture in ritual drama.[C]in John J.Mac Aloon,ed.Rite,Drama,Festival,Spectacle,Philadelphia:ISHI.1984.
[18]金雁:俄罗斯村社文化及其民族特性[J]//人文杂志,2006年第4期。
[19]张广翔:俄国村社制度论述[J]//吉林大学社会科学学报,1997年第4期。
[20]Fedotov,George P.The Tale of Igor’s Campaign[C]in Dennis Poupard&Jelena O.Krstovic(eds),Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,vol.1,Gale,1988.
[21]Magnus,Leonard A.Introduction[M]in Dennis Poupard&Jelena O.Krstovic(eds),Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,vol.1,Gale,1988.
(1)若谈及俄罗斯国家,则史有“基辅公国”(Киевское княжество)之称。参见左少兴《漫谈Русь》,《中国俄语教学》1997年第4期。