频率对交流电场增强45钢低温粉末法硼铝共渗的影响
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摘要
通过一对相互平行的平板电极,对45钢试样和渗剂施加交流电场,研究电场频率对750℃以渗硼为主的粉末法硼铝共渗(以下简称硼铝共渗)的影响。以X射线衍射、光学显微观察与显微硬度测试等手段分析共渗层。结果表明:不同频率交流电场均对45钢硼铝共渗进程有显著促进作用,共渗层均由(Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B和(Fe_(1-x)Al_x)2B两相组成;电场电流恒为2 A时,电场频率从50 Hz增大至500 Hz,共渗层厚度先减小,在100 Hz时,共渗层厚度和其中的(Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B相厚度达最小,随后二者又逐渐增加;交流电场除对B、Al原子和含B、Al的活性基团在渗扩件表面的吸附有一定程度的负面作用外,对硼铝共渗过程中其他过程均为正面作用。
An alternating current field( ACF) with adjustable frequencies was applied to pack media and 45 steel specimens with a pair of electrodes paralleling with each other during pack boron-aluminizing( PBA) at 750 ℃.The influence of the ACF frequency on PBA was studied,in which,boriding was dominantly investigated.The boron-aluminized layers were investigated with X-ray diffraction,optical microscopic observation and micro-hardness test.The results show that the ACF with different frequency can enhance the PBA.The obtained boron-aluminized layers are all composed of( Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B and( Fe_(1-x)Al_x)2 B.When the ACF current is kept at 2 A,the increase of the ACF frequency from 50 Hz to 500 Hz can make the boron-aluminized layer total thickness and the( Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B zone thickness decrease first and then increase.The minimum thickness is obtained at 100 Hz.It is proposed that the ACF has positive effects to PBA processes but a negative effect,to some extent,to the adsorption of active atoms of aluminium and boron and active species containing aluminium and/or boron on specimen surface.
An alternating current field( ACF) with adjustable frequencies was applied to pack media and 45 steel specimens with a pair of electrodes paralleling with each other during pack boron-aluminizing( PBA) at 750 ℃.The influence of the ACF frequency on PBA was studied,in which,boriding was dominantly investigated.The boron-aluminized layers were investigated with X-ray diffraction,optical microscopic observation and micro-hardness test.The results show that the ACF with different frequency can enhance the PBA.The obtained boron-aluminized layers are all composed of( Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B and( Fe_(1-x)Al_x)2 B.When the ACF current is kept at 2 A,the increase of the ACF frequency from 50 Hz to 500 Hz can make the boron-aluminized layer total thickness and the( Fe_(1-x)Al_x) B zone thickness decrease first and then increase.The minimum thickness is obtained at 100 Hz.It is proposed that the ACF has positive effects to PBA processes but a negative effect,to some extent,to the adsorption of active atoms of aluminium and boron and active species containing aluminium and/or boron on specimen surface.
引文
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[13]武汉材料保护研究所,上海材料研究所.钢铁化学热处理金相图谱[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1980.
[2]耿香月,张素英,李宝银.硼铝共渗试验及机理[J].天津大学学报,1994,27(6):736-744.Geng Xiangyue,Zhang Suying,Li Baoyin.Experiment and mechanism on boron-aluminizing[J].Journal of Tianjin University,1994,27(6):736-744.
[3]彭志辉,杨志兵,王少武,等.稀土对45钢渗硼层组织和性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2004,29(7):31-34.Peng Zhihui,Yang Zhibing,Wang Shaowu,et al.Effect of rare earth on microstructure and properties of boronizing layer of 45 steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2004,29(7):31-34.
[4]章桥新,叶卫平,张建红,等.微波场下渗硼介质的温度特性研究[J].热加工工艺,2007,36(20):53-55.Zhang Qiaoxin,Ye Weiping,Zhang Jianhong,et al.Study temperature property of boriding medium under microwave field[J].Hot Working Technology,2007,36(20):53-55.
[5]Xie Fei,Cheng Jian.Study on effects of alternating current field to pack boriding of medium carbon steel[J].International Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering,2014,8(3):111-116.
[6]闫梦龙,谢飞,潘建伟.交流电场对45钢粉末法渗铝的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(2):203-209.Yan Menglong,Xie Fei,Pan Jianwei.Effects of alternating current field on pack aluminizing of 45 steel[J].Transactions of Metals and Heat Treatment,2015,36(2):203-209.
[7]潘建伟,谢飞,孙力,等.耐热钢HP40Nb的中温粉末法渗铝及其抗渗碳特性[J].金属热处理,2012,37(1):57-60.Pan Jianwei,Xie Fei,Sun Li,et al.Pack aluminizing at moderate temperature on HP40Nb heat-resistant steel and its anti-carburization behaviour[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(1):57-60.
[8]Xie Fei,Wang Xiaojuan,Pan Jianwei.Accelerate pack boriding with reused boriding media by simultaneously employing Al and alternating current field[J].Vacuum,2017,141:166-169.
[9]黄智超,谢飞,陆程,等.铝对45钢交流电场增强中温粉末法硼铝共渗的影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(6):138-141.Huang Zhichao,Xie Fei,Lu Cheng,et al.Influence of Al on alternating current field enhanced pack boron-aluminizing at a medium temperature for 45 carbon steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(6):138-141.
[10]王晓娟,谢飞,程健,等.45钢直流电场增强粉末法渗硼层相结构与性能[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(2):197-202.Wang Xiaojuan,Xie Fei,Cheng Jian,et al.Phase structure and property of boriding case of 45 steel by direct current field enhanced pack boronizing[J].Transactions of Metals and Heat Treatment,2015,36(2):197-202.
[11]程健,谢飞,孙力,等.交流电场增强45钢中低温粉末法渗硼特性[J].金属学报,2014,50(11):1311-1318.Cheng Jian,Xie Fei,Sun Li,et al.Characterization of alternating current field enhanced pack boriding for 45 carbon steel at low and medium temperature[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014,50(11):1311-1318.
[12]谢飞,程健,潘建伟.电场频率对45钢交流电场增强粉末法渗硼的影响[J].中国表面工程,2018,31(1):39-44.Xie Fei,Cheng Jian,Pan Jianwei.Influences of current field frequency on alternating current field enhanced pack boriding on 45steel[J].China Surface Engineering,2018,31(1):39-44.
[13]武汉材料保护研究所,上海材料研究所.钢铁化学热处理金相图谱[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1980.