基于生态导向与自然条件约束的青海省国土空间开发适宜性评价研究
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摘要
国土空间开发适宜性是保护国土生态空间、合理布局建设空间、优化国土空间开发格局的依据。该文以生态文明建设为导向,从生态安全、粮食安全、地质安全与建设保障4个维度识别显著影响国土开发建设的约束因素,将生态相关因素作为强限制因子,自然条件约束因素作为较强限制因子,采用多属性综合评价模型对青海省国土开发适宜性进行评价。结果表明:全省国土空间开发建设适宜区35 209.57 km~2,较适宜区22 010.94 km~2,一般适宜区33 013.78 km~2,不适宜区606 412.47 km~2。青海省应坚持"国家生态文明战略+青海保护开发实际",在国土开发建设适宜性基础上,统筹谋划和优化调整国土空间开发格局,推动国土集聚开发与分类保护相适应。
The suitability of land space development is the basis for protecting the national ecological space,rationally constructing the construction space,and optimizing the development pattern of the national land space.Guided by the construction of ecological civilization,this paper identifies the constraints that significantly affect the development of the country from the four dimensions of ecological security,food security,geological security and construction security.It is found that the ecological related factors are the strong limiting factors,and the natural conditions are the strong constraint factors.And then the suitability of land space development is evaluated using multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation model in Qinghai Province.The results show that the suitable area for land space development and construction in Qinghai is 35 209.57 km~2,and the relative suitable area is 22 010.94 km~2,the general suitable area is 33 013.78 km~2,and the unsuitable area is 606 412.47 km~2.We should adhere to the "National Ecological Civilization Strategy + Qinghai Protection and Development Actuals" in Qinghai Province,and on the basis of the suitability of land development and construction,plan and optimize the adjustment of the land space development pattern,and promote the integration of land consolidation and classification protection.
The suitability of land space development is the basis for protecting the national ecological space,rationally constructing the construction space,and optimizing the development pattern of the national land space.Guided by the construction of ecological civilization,this paper identifies the constraints that significantly affect the development of the country from the four dimensions of ecological security,food security,geological security and construction security.It is found that the ecological related factors are the strong limiting factors,and the natural conditions are the strong constraint factors.And then the suitability of land space development is evaluated using multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation model in Qinghai Province.The results show that the suitable area for land space development and construction in Qinghai is 35 209.57 km~2,and the relative suitable area is 22 010.94 km~2,the general suitable area is 33 013.78 km~2,and the unsuitable area is 606 412.47 km~2.We should adhere to the "National Ecological Civilization Strategy + Qinghai Protection and Development Actuals" in Qinghai Province,and on the basis of the suitability of land development and construction,plan and optimize the adjustment of the land space development pattern,and promote the integration of land consolidation and classification protection.
引文
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[23] 焦胜,李振民,高青,等.景观连通性理论在城市土地适宜性评价与优化方法中的应用[J].地理研究,2013,32(4):720-730.
[24] 于兴修,杨桂山,王瑶.土地利用/覆被变化的环境效应研究进展与动向[J].地理科学,2004,24(5):627-633.
[25] 贾克敬,张辉,徐小黎,等.面向空间开发利用的土地资源承载力评价技术[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):335-341.
[26] 曾永年,马振玲,刘正春,等.青海高原东部农业区建设用地扩张驱动力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(12):114-118.
[2] 孙绍骋.更加主动担当生态文明建设重任[N].经济日报,2017-12-20.
[3] 喻忠磊,张文新,梁进社,等.国土空间开发建设适宜性评价研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(9):1107-1122.
[4] 李强,刘剑锋,李小波,等.京津冀土地承载力空间分异特征及协同提升机制研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2016,32(1):105-111.
[5] 何英彬,陈佑启,杨鹏,等.国外基于GIS土地适宜性评价研究进展及展望[J].地理科学进展,2009,28(6):898-904.
[6] 唐常春,孙威.长江流域国土空间开发适宜性综合评价[J].地理学报,2012,67(12):1587-1598.
[7] CARVER S J.Integrating multi-criteria evaluation with geographical information systems[J].International Journal of Geographical Information System,1991,5(3):321-339.
[8] 丁建中,陈逸,陈雯.基于生态-经济分析的泰州空间开发适宜性分区研究[J].地理科学,2008,28(6):842-848.
[9] 刘焱序,彭建,韩忆楠,等.基于OWA的低丘缓坡建设开发适宜性评价——以云南大理白族自治州为例[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3188-3197.
[10] 邱炳文,池天河,王钦敏,等.GIS在土地适宜性评价中的应用与展望[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(5):20-23.
[11] MALCZEWSKI J.GIS-based land-use suitability analysis:A critical overview[J].Progress in Planning,2004,62:3-65.
[12] 樊杰.国家汶川地震灾后重建规划:资源环境承载能力评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[13] 李伟芳,俞腾,李加林,等.海岸带土地利用适宜性评价——以杭州湾南岸为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(4):701-710.
[14] 赵志威,王冬艳,李红,等.基于城镇扩展适宜性的城镇建设用地保障研究——以长春市为例[J].经济地理,2017,37(7):175-184.
[15] 陆玉麒,林康,张莉.市域空间发展类型区划分的方法探讨:以江苏省仪征市为例[J].地理学报,2007,62(4):351-363.
[16] 谭少军,邵景安.基于生态适宜性评价的西南丘陵区土地整治工程布局研究[J].地理研究,2018,37(4):659-677.
[17] 祁豫玮,顾朝林.市域开发空间区划方法与应用——以南京市为例[J].地理研究,2010,29(11):2035-2044.
[18] 钮心毅,宋小冬.基于土地开发政策的城市用地适宜性评价[J].城市规划学刊,2007(2):57-61.
[19] 严金明,张杨,江平,等.论国土生态文明战略框架设计[J].新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,34(6):25-31.
[20] 汪什豪,李全,邓少华,等.基于生态敏感性和用地适宜性分析的农村居民点评价与优化——以海南省屯昌县为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(3):27-35.
[21] 刘彦随,刘玉,陈玉福.中国地域多功能性评价及其决策机制[J].地理学报,2011,66(10):1379-1389.
[22] 赵健赟,彭军还.基于MODIS-NDVI的青海高原植被覆盖时空变化特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(4):67-73.
[23] 焦胜,李振民,高青,等.景观连通性理论在城市土地适宜性评价与优化方法中的应用[J].地理研究,2013,32(4):720-730.
[24] 于兴修,杨桂山,王瑶.土地利用/覆被变化的环境效应研究进展与动向[J].地理科学,2004,24(5):627-633.
[25] 贾克敬,张辉,徐小黎,等.面向空间开发利用的土地资源承载力评价技术[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):335-341.
[26] 曾永年,马振玲,刘正春,等.青海高原东部农业区建设用地扩张驱动力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(12):114-118.