谐波责任划分研究现状及在分布式电源并网条件下的展望
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摘要
公共连接点处谐波电压畸变的原因可能来自负荷本身,也可能来自电网、其他负荷或分布式电源等,因此,需要研究谐波责任划分问题。谐波责任划分主要包括谐波发射水平估计、单母线谐波责任分摊以及配电网多谐波源谐波责任分摊三个研究方向。首先,总结了每个方向现有方法的基本原理和研究现状,并总结了量化背景谐波电压波动的共性问题;其次,基于分布式电源并网条件下的谐波特性,探讨了此条件下合理划分谐波责任的难点,包括背景谐波电压波动更剧烈,谐波责任定义不适用,谐振、不确定性谐波及谐波耦合对责任划分的影响等;最后,对谐波责任划分未来待研究的问题进行了展望。
Harmonic voltage distortion at the common connection point may happen due to the load, the grid, other loads, and distributed generations, etc.. Therefore, it is necessary to study the division of harmonic responsibility. Harmonic responsibilities are divided into three research directions: harmonic emission level estimation, single-bus harmonic responsibility division, and harmonic responsibility division of harmonic sources in distribution networks. Firstly, the basic principles and current status of existing methods are summarized in each direction. And the common problems of quantifying the background harmonic voltage fluctuations are analyzed. Secondly, based on the harmonic characteristics of grid-connected distributed generations, the difficulties of rational harmonic responsibility division under this condition are discussed. The difficulties include more violence of background harmonic voltage fluctuations, inexplicit definition of harmonic responsibility, and the effects on the division of responsibilities of resonance, uncertainties of harmonics and harmonic coupling. Finally, the division of harmonic responsibility is prospected.
Harmonic voltage distortion at the common connection point may happen due to the load, the grid, other loads, and distributed generations, etc.. Therefore, it is necessary to study the division of harmonic responsibility. Harmonic responsibilities are divided into three research directions: harmonic emission level estimation, single-bus harmonic responsibility division, and harmonic responsibility division of harmonic sources in distribution networks. Firstly, the basic principles and current status of existing methods are summarized in each direction. And the common problems of quantifying the background harmonic voltage fluctuations are analyzed. Secondly, based on the harmonic characteristics of grid-connected distributed generations, the difficulties of rational harmonic responsibility division under this condition are discussed. The difficulties include more violence of background harmonic voltage fluctuations, inexplicit definition of harmonic responsibility, and the effects on the division of responsibilities of resonance, uncertainties of harmonics and harmonic coupling. Finally, the division of harmonic responsibility is prospected.
引文
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[2] 徐艳春,刘宇龙,李振兴,等(Xu Yanchun,Liu Yulong,Li Zhenxing,et al.).基于中心频移的谐波估计算法的研究(Research on harmonic estimation algorithm based on center frequency shift)[J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2017,36(4):37-44.
[3] 陈雷,郑德忠,赵兴涛,等(Chen Lei, Zheng Dezhong, Zhao Xingtao,et al.).基于FFT和优化匹配追踪的谐波间谐波检测(Harmonic and inter-harmonic detection based on FFT and optimized matching pursuit)[J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2016,35(2):7-12, 37.
[4] 李兰芳,曾志武,王映品,等(Li Lanfang,Zeng Zhiwu,Wang Yingpin, et al.).基于时域的谐波和无功检测技术的对比研究(Comparative study of harmonic and reactive power detections based on time domain)[J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2017,36(11):79-88.
[5] Aiello M, Cataliotti A, Cosentino A, et al. A self synchronizing instrument for harmonic source detection in power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2015, 54(1): 15-23.
[6] 戴云霞,苏建徽,刘宁,等(Dai Yunxia,Su Jianhui,Liu Ning, et al.).基于谐波阻抗特征函数的分布式发电孤岛识别方法研究(Research on islanding identification method for distributed generation based on harmonic impedance characteristic function)[J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2015,34(12):37-42, 64.
[7] Cristaldi L, Ferrero A. Harmonic power flow analysis for the measurement of the electric power quality[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2015, 44(3): 683-685.
[8] Mceachern A, Grady W M, Moncrief W A, et al. Revenue and harmonics: An evaluation of some proposed rate structures[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1995, 10(1):474-482.
[9] IEC61000-3-6-2008, Assessment of emission limits for distorting loads in MV and HV power system - Basic EMC publication[S].
[10] 张巍,杨洪耕(Zhang Wei, Yang Honggeng).基于二元线性回归的谐波发射水平估计方法(A method for assessing hamonic emission level based on binary linear regression)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2004,24(6):50-53.
[11] 黄舜,徐永海(Huang Shun, Xu Yonghai).基于偏最小二乘回归的系统谐波阻抗与谐波发射水平的评估方法(Assessing harmonic impedance and the harmonic emission level based on partial least-squares regression method)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2007,27(1):93-97.
[12] Yang H,Pirotte P,Robert A.Harmonic emission levels of industrial loads statistical assessment[A]. International Council on Large Electric Systems[C]. 1996.
[13] 汤波, 林顺富, 陈光,等(Tang Bo, Lin Shunfu, Chen Guang, et al.).居民配电网负荷谐波电流发射水平评估方法(The harmonic current emission level of the residential loads in the distribution network)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society), 2018, 33(3):533-542.
[14] 惠锦,杨洪耕,叶茂清(Hui Jin, Yang Honggeng, Ye Maoqing).基于阻抗归一化趋势判别的谐波发射水平估计(Assessing harmonic emission level based on the impedance gathering trend discrimination)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2011,31(10):73-80.
[15] 龚华麟,肖先勇,刘亚梅,等(Gong Hualin, Xiao Xianyong, Liu Yamei, et al.).基于主导波动量筛选原理的用户谐波发射水平估计方法(A method for assessing customer harmonic emission level based on the dominant fluctuation filtering principle) [J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2010,30(4):22-27.
[16] 赵熙,杨洪耕(Zhao Xi,Yang Honggeng).基于贝叶斯定理的系统谐波阻抗估计(Utility harmonic impedance estimation based on Bayes theorem) [J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2016,36(11):2935-2943.
[17] 张坤,戴传凯,孙媛媛,等(Zhang Kun,Dai Chuankai,Sun Yuanyuan, et al.).PCC点系统侧戴维南等值电路参数的估计方法研究(Thevenin equivalent circuit parameter estimation analysis for PCC upstream system) [J].电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy),2017,36(4):7-15.
[18] 袁林,杨洪耕,王智琦,等(Yuan Lin,Yang Honggeng, Wang Zhiqi, et al.).基于快速近似联合对角化的谐波发射水平评估方法(A assessment method of harmonic emission level based on fast approximate joint diagonalization) [J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2017,41(7):81-87.
[19] 杨雪萍,杨洪耕,曾巧燕,等(Yang Xueping,Yang Honggeng,Zeng Qiaoyan, et al.).基于采样数据的谐波电流责任评估(Assessment of harmonic current responsibility based on sample data)[J].电测与仪表(Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation),2016,53(9):13-18.
[20] 孙媛媛,李佳奇,尹志明(Sun Yuanyuan, Li Jiaqi, Yin Zhiming).基于实测数据的集中式多谐波源责任评估(Quantifying harmonic impacts for concentrated multiple harmonic sources using actual data)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2014,34(13):2164-2171.
[21] Mazin H E,Xu W,Huang B.Determining the harmonic impacts of multiple harmonic-producing loads[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(2):1187-1195.
[22] 李丽,马宏忠,姜宁,等(Li Li,Ma Hongzhong,Jiang Ning,et al.).基于改进偏最小二乘法的系统谐波阻抗及谐波发射水平估算(Assessing harmonic impedance and the harmonic emission level based on improved partial least-squares regression method) [J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2011,39(1):92-95.
[23] 贾秀芳,华回春,曹东升,等(Jia Xiufang, Hua Huichun, Cao Dongsheng, et al.).基于复线性最小二乘法的谐波责任定量划分(Determining harmonic contributions based on complex least squares method) [J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2013,33(4):149-155.
[24] 孙媛媛,尹志明(Sun Yuanyuan, Yin Zhiming).基于M估计稳健回归的多谐波源责任区分(Quantifying harmonic responsibilities of multiple harmonic sources based on Mestimation robust regression) [J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2012,32(31):166-173.
[25] 贾秀芳,张韶光,华回春,等(Jia Xiufang, Zhang Shaoguang, Hua Huichun, et al.).部分线性核估计方法在谐波责任分摊问题中的应用(Application of kernel estimation with partial linear method for harmonic contributions determination) [J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015,39(3):63-68.
[26] 华回春,刘哲,韩博,等(Hua Huichun, Liu Zhe, Han Bo, et al.).谐波责任统计特征计算方法(Calculation method for the harmonic contribution statistical characteristics)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2016,36(11):2959-2965.
[27] 华回春,贾秀芳,曹东升,等(Hua Huichun, Jia Xiufang, Cao Dongsheng, et al.).电能质量数据交换格式下的谐波责任估计(Harmonic contribution estimation under power quality data interchange format)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2013,37(11):3110-3117.
[28] 华回春,贾秀芳,张韶光(Hua Huichun, Jia Xiufang, Zhang Shaoguang).谐波责任定量评估的邻域多点测量方法(Neighborhood multi-point measurement method for harmonic contribution determination) [J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2014,38(2):502-508.
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