川中红层泥岩时效膨胀变形特性试验研究
|
摘要
四川盆地及周边山地广泛分布俗称为"川中红层"的侏罗系泥岩,是一种典型的软岩,其强度低,易风化崩解,流变特性显著,具有一定的膨胀特性,是引起该地区多处高速铁路路基长期持续性上拱变形的一个重要因素。为揭示红层泥岩在浸水条件下的时效变形特性,以川中红层典型泥岩为对象,在室内开展原状岩样浸水物化膨胀性试验,分析红层泥岩的吸水膨胀变形随时间的变化规律及其影响因素。试验结果表明,常规膨胀性指标显示川中红层泥岩为非膨胀岩,或仅具有弱膨胀性,原状岩样吸水膨胀率较小,但具有显著的时间效应;采用类Kelvin体建立红层泥岩膨胀蠕变模型,模型参数K和η可有效度量膨胀蠕变的极限应变及黏滞特性;原状岩样的结构性是影响其吸水率的重要因素,通过岩屑筛分试验获得最大含量粒组颗粒粒径dmax、细粒和微粒质量占比ω1.0和有效粒径d10三个参数,可以定量判断泥岩的吸水特性和膨胀特性,dmax越小、d10越小、ω1.0越大,则泥岩的吸水率越大,膨胀性越强。研究成果对川中红层泥岩地层高速铁路路基长期持续性上拱变形的机制认识及治理方案论证具有参考作用,并为红层泥岩物理、水理及力学特性及其相互关系的定量研究提供基础。
The Jurassic red-bed mudstone,widely distributed in Sichuan basin and the peripheral mountains and named as Sichuan Central Red-bed,is a typical kind of soft rock with low strength,easily weathering and disintegrating,notable rheology and slightly swelling,and taken as one of the most important factors resulted in the upheaval deformation of some high speed railway subgrade sections. In order to reveal the time-dependent swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone under soaking condition,the expansion tests were carried out on typical Central Sichuan red-bed mudstone samples,and the hydrophil expansion deformation of red-bed mudstone with time and the influence factors were analysed. The results show that as indicated by the conventional swelling index,the selected red-bed mudstone is non-swelling or weakly swelling, and that the water-absorption expansion rate is low but time-dependent significantly. A swelling creep model of red-bed mudstone was proposed based on the Kelvin system,in which the creep parameters,K and η,can effectively quantify the ultimate swelling strain and viscous properties during creeping,respectively. The structure of undisturbed rock samples is an important factor influencing the water-absorption. The grain size of the maximum content group,dmax,the weight ratio of fine and micro particles,ω1.0,and the effective particle size,d10,obtained through the sieve tests,can quantitatively evaluate the water-absorption and swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone. The smaller dmax and d10,the larger ω1.0 is and as a result,the water-absorption and swelling are stronger. The research work can provide a reference for revealing the long-term upheaval mechanism and demonstrating the treatment scheme of high speed railway subgrade Sichuan Central red-bed mudstone,and also laid a basis for the further quantitative research of red-bed mudstone on the physical,hydraulic and mechanical properties and their relationships.
The Jurassic red-bed mudstone,widely distributed in Sichuan basin and the peripheral mountains and named as Sichuan Central Red-bed,is a typical kind of soft rock with low strength,easily weathering and disintegrating,notable rheology and slightly swelling,and taken as one of the most important factors resulted in the upheaval deformation of some high speed railway subgrade sections. In order to reveal the time-dependent swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone under soaking condition,the expansion tests were carried out on typical Central Sichuan red-bed mudstone samples,and the hydrophil expansion deformation of red-bed mudstone with time and the influence factors were analysed. The results show that as indicated by the conventional swelling index,the selected red-bed mudstone is non-swelling or weakly swelling, and that the water-absorption expansion rate is low but time-dependent significantly. A swelling creep model of red-bed mudstone was proposed based on the Kelvin system,in which the creep parameters,K and η,can effectively quantify the ultimate swelling strain and viscous properties during creeping,respectively. The structure of undisturbed rock samples is an important factor influencing the water-absorption. The grain size of the maximum content group,dmax,the weight ratio of fine and micro particles,ω1.0,and the effective particle size,d10,obtained through the sieve tests,can quantitatively evaluate the water-absorption and swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone. The smaller dmax and d10,the larger ω1.0 is and as a result,the water-absorption and swelling are stronger. The research work can provide a reference for revealing the long-term upheaval mechanism and demonstrating the treatment scheme of high speed railway subgrade Sichuan Central red-bed mudstone,and also laid a basis for the further quantitative research of red-bed mudstone on the physical,hydraulic and mechanical properties and their relationships.
引文
[1]郭永春,谢强,文江泉.我国红层分布特征及主要工程地质问题[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,(6):67-71.(GUO Yongchun,XIE Qiang,WEN Jiangquan.Red beds distribution and engineering geological problem in China[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,(6):67-71.(in Chinese))
[2]黄绍槟,程强,胡厚田.四川红层分布及工程环境特征研究[J].公路,2005,(5):81-85.(HUANG Shaobin,CHENG Qiang,HUHoutian.A study on distribution of Sichuan red beds and engineering environment characteristics[J].Highway,2005,(5):81-85.(in Chinese))
[3]魏永幸,张仕忠,甘鹰,等.四川盆地红层泥岩的基本特性和膨胀性及软化的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2010,(增1):61-68.(WEIYongxing,ZHANG Shizhong,GAN Ying,et al.Experimental study on the essential feature and swelling and softening characteristics of red-bed mudstone in Sichuan basin[J].Geotechanical Investigation and Survrying,2010,(Supp.1):61-68.(in Chinese))
[4]谌文武,原鹏博,刘小伟.分级加载条件下红层软岩蠕变特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增1):3 076-3 081.(CHENWenwu,YUAN Pengbo,LIU Xiaowei.Study on creep properties of red-bed soft rock under step load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.1):3 076-3 081.(in Chinese))
[5]杨宗才,张俊云,周德培.红层泥岩边坡快速风化特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(2):275-283.(YANG Zongcai,ZHANG Junyun,ZHOU Depei.Study on fast weathering characteristics of red bed mudstone slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(2):275-283.(in Chinese))
[6]冯启言,韩宝平,隋旺华.鲁西南地区红层软岩水岩作用特征与工程应用[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(3):266-271.(FENG Qiyan,HAN Baoping,SUI Wanghua.Characteristics of water-rock interaction of red-beds and its application to engineering in southwestern Shandong[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(3):266-271.(in Chinese))
[7]殷跃平,胡瑞林.三峡库区巴东组_T_2b_紫红色泥岩工程地质特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(2):124-135.(YIN Yueping,HU Ruilin.Engineering geological characteristics of purplish-red mudstone of middle tertiary formation at the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(2):124-135.(in Chinese))
[8]胡文静,丁瑜,夏振尧,等.重庆地区红层泥岩侧限膨胀性能试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2015,35(5):607-611.(HUWenjing,DING Yu,XIA Zhenyao,et al.Experimental study on confined swelling characteristic of redbed mudstone in Chongqing[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2015,35(5):607-611.(in Chinese))
[9]胡安华,蒋关鲁,王智猛,等.高速铁路路基红层泥岩填料力学特性试验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2008,(2):21-25.(HU Anhua,JIANG Guanlu,WANG Zhimeng,et al.Experimental research on mechanical characteristics of red rock filling for subgrade of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2008,(2):21-25.(in Chinese))
[10]STEINER W.Swelling rock in tunnels:rock characterization,effect of horizontal stresses and construction proceures[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1993,30(4):361-380.
[11]DOOSTMOHAMMADI R,MUTSCHLER T,OSAN C.Modeling the complex and long term swelling behavior of argillaceous rocks[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2011,21(5):655-659.
[12]ZHANG C L,WIECZOREK K,XIE M L.Swelling experiments on mudstones[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2010,2(1):44-51.
[13]王贤能,韩会增,文江泉.膨胀岩边坡工程中膨胀与流变的耦合效应[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(4):33-39.(WANG Xianneng,HAN Huizeng,WEN Jiangquan.The coupled effect of swell and rheology for the slope engineering of swelling rock[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1997,8(4):33-39.(in Chinese))
[14]朱珍德,邢福东,刘汉龙,等.南京红山窑第三系红砂岩膨胀变形性质试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(7):1 041-1 044.(ZHUZhende,XING Fudong,LIU Hanlong,et al.Experimental research on expansive deformation of tertiary red sandstone in Nanjing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(7):1 041-1 044.(in Chinese))
[15]王萍,屈展,刘易非,等.泥页岩水化膨胀的非线性蠕变模型[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2015,45(1):117-122.(WANG Ping,QU Zhan,LIU Yifei,et al.Nonlinear creep model of mud shale hydration expansion[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science,2015,45(1):117-122.(in Chinese))
[16]刘晓丽,王思敬,王恩志,等.含时间效应的膨胀岩膨胀本构关系[J].水利学报,2006,37(2):195-199.(LIU Xiaoli,WANG Sijing,WANG Enzhi,et al.Study on time-dependent swelling constitute relation of swelling rock[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(2):195-199.(in Chinese))
[17]王冲,王起才,张戎令,等.低黏土矿物含量泥岩有荷膨胀试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(11):107-111.(WANG Chong,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Expansion test of mudstone with low content of clay minerals under overburden load[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2017,34(11):107-111.(in Chinese))
[18]MADSEN F T.International Society for Rock Mechanics Commission on swelling rocks and commission on testing methods-suggested methods for laboratory testing of swelling rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(3):291-306.
[19]刁心宏,杨守兴,冒小波.不同温湿环境下泥岩吸水及膨胀特性的试验研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2017,34(3):14-18.(DIAOXinhong,YANG Shouxing,MAO Xiaobo.Experimental study on water absorption and expansion characteristics of mudstone under conditions of different temperature and humidity[J].Journal of East China Jiaotong University,2017,34(3):14-18.(in Chinese))
[20]马丽娜.高速铁路路基低黏土矿物泥岩膨胀机理及影响研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.(MA Lina.Research on low clay mineral mudstone expansion mechanism and influence for high-speed railway subgrade[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese))
[21]陈志敏,朱烜.砂泥岩互层边坡膨胀性泥岩力学性能能试验研究[J].路基工程,2017,(3):97-102.(CHEN Zhimin,ZHU Xuan.Research on mechanical behavior of expansive mudstone of sand shale interbed slope[J].Subgrade Engineering,2017,(3):97-102.(in Chinese))
[22]崔晓宁,王起才,张戎令,等.无砟轨道膨胀土地基的泥岩膨胀变形试验[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(11):2 339-2 344.(CUIXiaoning,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Expansive deformation test on ballastless track of expansive mudstone[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017,14(11):2 339-2 344.(in Chinese))
[23]马丽娜,严松宏,张戎令,等.低黏土矿物含量泥岩浸水膨胀变形的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2015,45(11):111-115.(MA Lina,YANSonghong,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Experimental research on soaking swelling deformation of mudstone with low content of clay minerals[J].Industrial Construction,2015,45(11):111-115.(in Chinese))
[24]刘静德,李青云,龚壁卫.南水北调中线膨胀岩膨胀特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):826-830.(LIU Jingde,LI Qingyun,GONG Biwei.Swelling properties of expansive rock in middle route project of South-to North Water Diversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(5):826-830.(in Chinese))
[25]温春莲,陈新万.初始含水率、容量及荷载对膨胀岩特性影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(3):304-311.(WENChunlian,CHEN Xinwan.Effects of initial water content,dry unit weight and load on the swelling of clayey weak rock:an experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1992,11(3):304-311.(in Chinese))
[26]张巍,尚彦军,曲永新,等.泥质膨胀岩崩解物粒径分布与膨胀性关系试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(1):66-72.(ZHANG Wei,SHANG Yanjun,QU Yongxin,et al.Grain size distribution of collapsed scraps of argillaceous rock and its relationship with expansibility:an experimental study[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(1):66-72.(in Chinese))
[2]黄绍槟,程强,胡厚田.四川红层分布及工程环境特征研究[J].公路,2005,(5):81-85.(HUANG Shaobin,CHENG Qiang,HUHoutian.A study on distribution of Sichuan red beds and engineering environment characteristics[J].Highway,2005,(5):81-85.(in Chinese))
[3]魏永幸,张仕忠,甘鹰,等.四川盆地红层泥岩的基本特性和膨胀性及软化的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2010,(增1):61-68.(WEIYongxing,ZHANG Shizhong,GAN Ying,et al.Experimental study on the essential feature and swelling and softening characteristics of red-bed mudstone in Sichuan basin[J].Geotechanical Investigation and Survrying,2010,(Supp.1):61-68.(in Chinese))
[4]谌文武,原鹏博,刘小伟.分级加载条件下红层软岩蠕变特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增1):3 076-3 081.(CHENWenwu,YUAN Pengbo,LIU Xiaowei.Study on creep properties of red-bed soft rock under step load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.1):3 076-3 081.(in Chinese))
[5]杨宗才,张俊云,周德培.红层泥岩边坡快速风化特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(2):275-283.(YANG Zongcai,ZHANG Junyun,ZHOU Depei.Study on fast weathering characteristics of red bed mudstone slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(2):275-283.(in Chinese))
[6]冯启言,韩宝平,隋旺华.鲁西南地区红层软岩水岩作用特征与工程应用[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(3):266-271.(FENG Qiyan,HAN Baoping,SUI Wanghua.Characteristics of water-rock interaction of red-beds and its application to engineering in southwestern Shandong[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(3):266-271.(in Chinese))
[7]殷跃平,胡瑞林.三峡库区巴东组_T_2b_紫红色泥岩工程地质特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(2):124-135.(YIN Yueping,HU Ruilin.Engineering geological characteristics of purplish-red mudstone of middle tertiary formation at the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(2):124-135.(in Chinese))
[8]胡文静,丁瑜,夏振尧,等.重庆地区红层泥岩侧限膨胀性能试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2015,35(5):607-611.(HUWenjing,DING Yu,XIA Zhenyao,et al.Experimental study on confined swelling characteristic of redbed mudstone in Chongqing[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2015,35(5):607-611.(in Chinese))
[9]胡安华,蒋关鲁,王智猛,等.高速铁路路基红层泥岩填料力学特性试验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2008,(2):21-25.(HU Anhua,JIANG Guanlu,WANG Zhimeng,et al.Experimental research on mechanical characteristics of red rock filling for subgrade of high-speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2008,(2):21-25.(in Chinese))
[10]STEINER W.Swelling rock in tunnels:rock characterization,effect of horizontal stresses and construction proceures[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1993,30(4):361-380.
[11]DOOSTMOHAMMADI R,MUTSCHLER T,OSAN C.Modeling the complex and long term swelling behavior of argillaceous rocks[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2011,21(5):655-659.
[12]ZHANG C L,WIECZOREK K,XIE M L.Swelling experiments on mudstones[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2010,2(1):44-51.
[13]王贤能,韩会增,文江泉.膨胀岩边坡工程中膨胀与流变的耦合效应[J].地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(4):33-39.(WANG Xianneng,HAN Huizeng,WEN Jiangquan.The coupled effect of swell and rheology for the slope engineering of swelling rock[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1997,8(4):33-39.(in Chinese))
[14]朱珍德,邢福东,刘汉龙,等.南京红山窑第三系红砂岩膨胀变形性质试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(7):1 041-1 044.(ZHUZhende,XING Fudong,LIU Hanlong,et al.Experimental research on expansive deformation of tertiary red sandstone in Nanjing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(7):1 041-1 044.(in Chinese))
[15]王萍,屈展,刘易非,等.泥页岩水化膨胀的非线性蠕变模型[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2015,45(1):117-122.(WANG Ping,QU Zhan,LIU Yifei,et al.Nonlinear creep model of mud shale hydration expansion[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science,2015,45(1):117-122.(in Chinese))
[16]刘晓丽,王思敬,王恩志,等.含时间效应的膨胀岩膨胀本构关系[J].水利学报,2006,37(2):195-199.(LIU Xiaoli,WANG Sijing,WANG Enzhi,et al.Study on time-dependent swelling constitute relation of swelling rock[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(2):195-199.(in Chinese))
[17]王冲,王起才,张戎令,等.低黏土矿物含量泥岩有荷膨胀试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(11):107-111.(WANG Chong,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Expansion test of mudstone with low content of clay minerals under overburden load[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2017,34(11):107-111.(in Chinese))
[18]MADSEN F T.International Society for Rock Mechanics Commission on swelling rocks and commission on testing methods-suggested methods for laboratory testing of swelling rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(3):291-306.
[19]刁心宏,杨守兴,冒小波.不同温湿环境下泥岩吸水及膨胀特性的试验研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2017,34(3):14-18.(DIAOXinhong,YANG Shouxing,MAO Xiaobo.Experimental study on water absorption and expansion characteristics of mudstone under conditions of different temperature and humidity[J].Journal of East China Jiaotong University,2017,34(3):14-18.(in Chinese))
[20]马丽娜.高速铁路路基低黏土矿物泥岩膨胀机理及影响研究[博士学位论文][D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.(MA Lina.Research on low clay mineral mudstone expansion mechanism and influence for high-speed railway subgrade[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2016.(in Chinese))
[21]陈志敏,朱烜.砂泥岩互层边坡膨胀性泥岩力学性能能试验研究[J].路基工程,2017,(3):97-102.(CHEN Zhimin,ZHU Xuan.Research on mechanical behavior of expansive mudstone of sand shale interbed slope[J].Subgrade Engineering,2017,(3):97-102.(in Chinese))
[22]崔晓宁,王起才,张戎令,等.无砟轨道膨胀土地基的泥岩膨胀变形试验[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(11):2 339-2 344.(CUIXiaoning,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Expansive deformation test on ballastless track of expansive mudstone[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017,14(11):2 339-2 344.(in Chinese))
[23]马丽娜,严松宏,张戎令,等.低黏土矿物含量泥岩浸水膨胀变形的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2015,45(11):111-115.(MA Lina,YANSonghong,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Experimental research on soaking swelling deformation of mudstone with low content of clay minerals[J].Industrial Construction,2015,45(11):111-115.(in Chinese))
[24]刘静德,李青云,龚壁卫.南水北调中线膨胀岩膨胀特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):826-830.(LIU Jingde,LI Qingyun,GONG Biwei.Swelling properties of expansive rock in middle route project of South-to North Water Diversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(5):826-830.(in Chinese))
[25]温春莲,陈新万.初始含水率、容量及荷载对膨胀岩特性影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(3):304-311.(WENChunlian,CHEN Xinwan.Effects of initial water content,dry unit weight and load on the swelling of clayey weak rock:an experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1992,11(3):304-311.(in Chinese))
[26]张巍,尚彦军,曲永新,等.泥质膨胀岩崩解物粒径分布与膨胀性关系试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(1):66-72.(ZHANG Wei,SHANG Yanjun,QU Yongxin,et al.Grain size distribution of collapsed scraps of argillaceous rock and its relationship with expansibility:an experimental study[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(1):66-72.(in Chinese))