变体飞行器柔性复合蒙皮植入式光纤形状传感
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摘要
针对变体飞行器变形机翼气动外形监测需求,提出一种植入式柔性复合蒙皮形状光纤传感方法。通过将光纤光栅传感器植入硅胶薄层,并与聚氯乙烯薄片组成复合蒙皮。建立柔性蒙皮形状传感系统,采用光纤传感解调系统,实验测得不同翼型下柔性蒙皮中光纤光栅反射谱特征及其变化规律;计算出柔性蒙皮弯曲曲率,并重建出柔性蒙皮变形三维形状;采用数字摄影测量系统完成对比测试。研究结果表明:柔性复合蒙皮变形光纤传感测量与数字摄影测试误差小于4.62%,光纤传感灵敏度达到245.5 pm/m-1。验证了植入式光纤传感方法的有效性,为变体飞行器变形机翼气动外形监测提供了参考。
To meet the demand for monitoring the morphing wing aerodynamic shape of morphing aircraft, a flexible composite skin embedded optical fiber shape sensing method for variant aircraft was proposed. The fiber Bragg grating sensor was embedded into the thin layer of silicone rubber, then combining the silicone rubber layer with polyvinyl chloride sheet to form composite skin. The flexible skin shape sensing system was established, and the optical fiber sensing demodulation system was used to test the reflection spectrum characteristics of the fiber Bragg grating in the flexible skin under different airfoil. The morphing curvature of the flexible skin was calculated and the three-dimensional shape of the flexible skin was reconstructed. The contrast test was completed by the digital photogrammetry system.The results show that the measurement error of flexible composite skin deformation optical fiber sensing compared with digital photography is less than 4.62%, and the sensitivity of optical fiber sensing reaches245.5 pm/m-1. The effectiveness of the embedded fiber sensing method is verified, which provides a reference for monitoring the morphing wing aerodynamic shape of the morphing aircraft.
To meet the demand for monitoring the morphing wing aerodynamic shape of morphing aircraft, a flexible composite skin embedded optical fiber shape sensing method for variant aircraft was proposed. The fiber Bragg grating sensor was embedded into the thin layer of silicone rubber, then combining the silicone rubber layer with polyvinyl chloride sheet to form composite skin. The flexible skin shape sensing system was established, and the optical fiber sensing demodulation system was used to test the reflection spectrum characteristics of the fiber Bragg grating in the flexible skin under different airfoil. The morphing curvature of the flexible skin was calculated and the three-dimensional shape of the flexible skin was reconstructed. The contrast test was completed by the digital photogrammetry system.The results show that the measurement error of flexible composite skin deformation optical fiber sensing compared with digital photography is less than 4.62%, and the sensitivity of optical fiber sensing reaches245.5 pm/m-1. The effectiveness of the embedded fiber sensing method is verified, which provides a reference for monitoring the morphing wing aerodynamic shape of the morphing aircraft.
引文
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[17] Lou Xiaoping, Chen Zhongqing, Zhuang Wei, et al. Error analysis and calibration for FBG shape reconstruction based on non-orthogonal curvatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(2):386-393.(in Chinese)娄小平,陈仲卿,庄炜,等.非正交FBG柔杆空间形状重构误差分析及标定[J].仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(2):386-393.
[18] Ge J, James A E, Xu L, et al. Bidirectional soft silicone curvature sensor based on off-centered embedded fiber bragg grating[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2016, 28(20):2237-2240.
[19] Wang H, Zhang R, Chen W, et al. Shape detection algorithm for soft manipulator based on fiber bragg gratings[J]. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016, 21(6):2977-2981.
[20] Monner H P, Hanselka H. Development and design of flexible Fowler flaps for an adaptive wing[C]//Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering,1998, 3326:60-70.
[2] Ajaj R M, Friswell M I, Bourchak M, et al. Span morphing using the GNATSpar wing[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2016, 53:38-46.
[3] Kammegne M J T, Botez R M, Grigorie L T, et al.Proportional fuzzy feed-forward architecture control validation by wind tunnel tests of a morphing wing[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2017, 30(2):561-576.
[4] Koreanschi A, Sugar-Gabor O, Botez R M. Drag optimization of a wing equipped with a morphing upper surface[J]. The Aeronautical Journal, 2016, 120(1225):473-493.
[5] Yang Linghui, Wang Lijun, Lin Jiarui, et al. 3D coordinate measurement method based on space resection of the orthogonal cylindrical imaging camera[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(3):0317001.(in Chinese)杨凌辉,王丽君,林嘉睿,等.基于正交柱面成像相机空间后方交会的三维坐标测量方法[J].红外与激光工程, 2018,47(3):0317001.
[6] Li Feiyin, Ma Shaojie, Man Xiaofei. Non-contact measurement and experimental study on complex dynamic motion under high impact[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(S1):S117001.(in Chinese)李飞胤,马少杰,满晓飞.高冲击复杂动态运动的非接触式测量方法及试验研究[J].红外与激光工程, 2018, 47(S1):S117001.
[7] Yang Sheng, Li Xuejun, Zhu Shibing, et al. Robust affineinvariant isomerous pyramid feature and multi-description for point feature matching[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering,2014, 43(7):2387-2392.(in Chinese)杨晟,李学军,朱诗兵,等.抗仿射形变异构金字塔复合描述点特征匹配算法[J].红外与激光工程, 2014, 43(7):2387-2392.
[8] Zhao Yalong, Liu Shouqi, Zhang Qican. 3D shape measurement accelerated by GPU[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(3):0317003.(in Chinese)赵亚龙,刘守起,张启灿. GPU加速三维面形测量[J].红外与激光工程, 2018, 47(3):0317003.
[9] Xu Ning, Dai Ming. Design of distributed optical fiber sensor for temperature and pressure measurement[J]. Chinese Optics, 2015, 8(4):629-635.(in Chinese)徐宁,戴明.分布式光纤温度压力传感器设计[J].中国光学, 2015, 8(4):629-635.
[10] Xu Guoquan, Xiong Daiyu. Applications of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology in engineering[J]. Chinese Optics,2013, 6(3):306-317.(in Chinese)徐国权,熊代余.光纤光栅传感技术在工程中的应用[J].中国光学, 2013, 6(3):306-317.
[11] Di Haiting, Fu Yili. Three dimensional reconstruction of curved shape based on curvature fiber optic sensor[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2010, 18(5):1092-1098.(in Chinese)狄海廷,付宜利.利用光纤曲率传感器重建三维曲面结构[J].光学精密工程, 2010, 18(5):1092-1098.
[12] Duncan R G, Froggatt M E, Kreger S T, et al. High accuracy fiber optic shape sensing[C]//SPIE, 2007, 6530:65301-65311.
[13] Arritt B J, Klimcak C, Pollard E, et al. Shape determination of large deployable space structures through the use of fiberoptics with integrated fiber-Bragg′s gratings[C]//Proc SPIE,2007, 6530:16-26.
[14] Payo I, Feliu V, Cortázar O D. Fibre Bragg grating(FBG)sensor system for highly flexible single-link robots[J].Sensors&Actuators A Physical, 2009, 150(1):24-39.
[15] Bang H J, Kim H I, Lee K S. Measurement of strain and bending deflection of a wind turbine tower using arrayed FBG sensors[J]. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2012, 13(12):2121-2126.
[16] Zhang Yanan, Xiao Hai, Shen Linyong, et al. Coordinate point fitting in FBG curve reconstruction algorithm[J].Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(9):2149-2157.(in Chinese)章亚男,肖海,沈林勇,等.用于光纤光栅曲线重建算法的坐标点拟合[J].光学精密工程, 2016, 24(9):2149-2157.
[17] Lou Xiaoping, Chen Zhongqing, Zhuang Wei, et al. Error analysis and calibration for FBG shape reconstruction based on non-orthogonal curvatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2017, 38(2):386-393.(in Chinese)娄小平,陈仲卿,庄炜,等.非正交FBG柔杆空间形状重构误差分析及标定[J].仪器仪表学报, 2017, 38(2):386-393.
[18] Ge J, James A E, Xu L, et al. Bidirectional soft silicone curvature sensor based on off-centered embedded fiber bragg grating[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2016, 28(20):2237-2240.
[19] Wang H, Zhang R, Chen W, et al. Shape detection algorithm for soft manipulator based on fiber bragg gratings[J]. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2016, 21(6):2977-2981.
[20] Monner H P, Hanselka H. Development and design of flexible Fowler flaps for an adaptive wing[C]//Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering,1998, 3326:60-70.