合肥市某区3～14岁儿童青少年乙肝疫苗接种率及乙肝标志物的分布
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摘要
目的了解本地区3～14年儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗接种率和乙肝病毒携带状况。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取本地区3～14岁人群8 454人,进行乙肝疫苗接种率的调查及乙肝标志物的检测。结果 8 454名儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗平均接种率为96.92%,其中3～6、7～10、11～14岁三组的疫苗接种率分别为99.89%、98.15%、92.18%,随着年龄的增长接种率呈不断下降趋势;乙肝表面抗原携带率为1.24%,男性和女性的乙肝表面抗原携带率分别为1.69%和0.79%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=14.040,P<0.05);抗-HBs阳性率为66.53%,不同年龄组(3～6、7～10、11～14岁)的阳性率分别为77.53%、64.00%、57.99%,随着年龄的增长阳性率呈下降趋势。结论随着国家将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫措施的不断实施,保持了人群较高的接种率,免疫效果明显,是控制HBV感染最有效的措施。
Objective To investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV in children of our region.Methods 8 454 people of 3 to 14 years old were distilled by random sampling method,detected five indicators to investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV.Results Among total 8 454 cases the average vaccination rate was 96.92%.For three groups of 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,the vaccination rates were 99.89%,98.15%,92.18% respectively.And there was declining trend in vaccination rates with the increased age.The carrying rate of HBsAg was 1.24%.And the HBsAg positive rates were 1.69%,0.79% respectively in male and female.The difference was statistically significant between different gender(χ2=14.040,P<0.05).Anti-HBs positive rate was 66.53%,the positive rates of each age group were 77.53%,64.00%,57.99% among 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,and the declining trend in vaccination rates increased with age.Conclusion Free hepatitis B vaccine immunization for children can maintain a high vaccination in the population,which is the most effective control measure for HBV infection.
Objective To investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV in children of our region.Methods 8 454 people of 3 to 14 years old were distilled by random sampling method,detected five indicators to investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV.Results Among total 8 454 cases the average vaccination rate was 96.92%.For three groups of 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,the vaccination rates were 99.89%,98.15%,92.18% respectively.And there was declining trend in vaccination rates with the increased age.The carrying rate of HBsAg was 1.24%.And the HBsAg positive rates were 1.69%,0.79% respectively in male and female.The difference was statistically significant between different gender(χ2=14.040,P<0.05).Anti-HBs positive rate was 66.53%,the positive rates of each age group were 77.53%,64.00%,57.99% among 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,and the declining trend in vaccination rates increased with age.Conclusion Free hepatitis B vaccine immunization for children can maintain a high vaccination in the population,which is the most effective control measure for HBV infection.
引文
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10黄洗光,张世东,黄军.1～4岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种及防疫效果分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2002,15(2):41-42.
11雷仁宇,罗耀星,谢莘,等.珠江三角地区1～6岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和抗体现状调查分析[J].中国计划免疫,2006,12(2):112-114.
2罗耀星,李建基,张吉凯,等.广东省1997～2002年新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种率及其影响因素分析[J].中国计划免疫,2006,12(2):100-102.
3李为群,聂绍发,梁晓峰,等.长春大学2004～2006年新生乙型肝炎病毒感染现状调查[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(4):329-331.
4邓韶英,柯建厚,孙亚军,等.乙型肝炎基因重组疫苗免疫效果及持久性观察[J].实用预防医学,2005,12(6):1321-1323.
5王继杰,颜天强,罗述斌,等.新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫后15年效果观察[J].实用预防医学,2000,7(6):419-421.
6陈敏,陈清,陈思东,等.乙肝疫苗免疫后(弱)应答影响因素的分析[J].广东药学院学报,2003,19(2):173.
7 Velu V,Saravanan S,Nandakumar S,et al.Relation-ship between T-lymphocyte cytokine levels and sero-response to hepatitis B vaccines[J].World J Gastroen-terol,2008,14(22):3534-3540.
8王文龙,冯倩,高英玉,等.免疫佐剂在乙肝疫苗接种失败中的应用[J].中华现代临床医学杂志,2008,6(9):819-820.
9马恒太.乙肝疫苗免疫无(弱)应答原因及对策[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2007,13(1):35-36.
10黄洗光,张世东,黄军.1～4岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种及防疫效果分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2002,15(2):41-42.
11雷仁宇,罗耀星,谢莘,等.珠江三角地区1～6岁儿童乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和抗体现状调查分析[J].中国计划免疫,2006,12(2):112-114.