合肥市学龄前儿童视力异常情况及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的探讨合肥市学龄前儿童视力异常的发生情况和主要影响因素,有针对性地开展学龄前儿童眼保健工作。方法选择合肥市10家托幼机构的3 600名3～6岁学龄前儿童,应用伟伦视力筛选仪进行眼屈光度的检查,完成视力异常影响因素调查表的填写。结果完成视力筛查和调查问卷的学龄前儿童共计3 428例,应答率95.2%。发生视力异常的学龄前儿童共928例(27.1%),视力异常的发生率没有性别和年龄差异;散光的发生率要显著高于近视和远视。经Logistic回归分析,影响学龄前儿童视力的因素包括儿童出生时体重、生活采光条件、户外活动和近距离用眼时间。结论合肥市学龄前儿童视力异常发生率高于国内其他地区,主要的影响因素包括出生时体重、生活采光、户外活动和近距离用眼时间。
Objective To explore the incidence of vision disorders and main influencing factors of HeFei city,and carry out eye care of preschool children accordingly.Methods 3600 preschool children ages 3-5 years who were from 10 kindergartens in Hefei were enrolled in this study.Eye diopter was checked by vision screening instrument.The questionnaires of vision influencing factors were completed at the same time.Results 3428(95.2%) of the preschool children received the vision screening and questionnaires.The vision disorders were occurred in 928(27.1%) preschool children.There was no significant difference in morbidity rate of vision disorders between the sex and age.The morbidity rate of astigmatism was significantly high than myopia and hyperopia.The Logistic regression analysis reminded that the main influencing factors of vision disorders were birth weight,life lighting,the time of outdoor activity and near work activity.Conclusion The incidence of vision disorders of HeFei city was higher than other districts of china,the main influencing factors of vision disorders were birth weight,life lighting,the time of outdoor activity and near work activity.
Objective To explore the incidence of vision disorders and main influencing factors of HeFei city,and carry out eye care of preschool children accordingly.Methods 3600 preschool children ages 3-5 years who were from 10 kindergartens in Hefei were enrolled in this study.Eye diopter was checked by vision screening instrument.The questionnaires of vision influencing factors were completed at the same time.Results 3428(95.2%) of the preschool children received the vision screening and questionnaires.The vision disorders were occurred in 928(27.1%) preschool children.There was no significant difference in morbidity rate of vision disorders between the sex and age.The morbidity rate of astigmatism was significantly high than myopia and hyperopia.The Logistic regression analysis reminded that the main influencing factors of vision disorders were birth weight,life lighting,the time of outdoor activity and near work activity.Conclusion The incidence of vision disorders of HeFei city was higher than other districts of china,the main influencing factors of vision disorders were birth weight,life lighting,the time of outdoor activity and near work activity.
引文
[1]余新,杨钻英,薛梅,等.佛山市学龄前儿童视力异常调查及其危险因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2002,10(5):341-342.
[2]盖志敏,吴红,于双玉,等.青岛市学龄前儿童视力异常及其危险因素调查[J].临床儿科杂志,2004,22(5):318-319.
[3]张瑞珍,刘燕,卢宪梅.学龄前儿童视力异常因素调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2008,16(1):38,41.
[4]吕惠芬.2003～2009年鄞州区姜山社区集居儿童健康检查分析[J].中华全科医学,2010,8(5):618-619.
[5]Courtright P,Hutchinson AK,Lewallen S.Visual impair-ment in children in middle-and lower-income coun-tries[J].Arch Dis Child,2011,96(12):1129-1134.
[6]O'Connor AR,Stewart CE,Singh J,et al.Do infants ofbirth weight less than 1500 g require additional long termophthalmic follow up[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2006,90(4):451-455.
[7]Dirani M,Tong L,Gazzard G,et al.Outdoor activity andmyopia in Singapore teenage children[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2009,93(8):997-1000.
[8]Guggenheim JA,Northstone K,McMahon G,et al.Timeoutdoors and physical activity as predictors of incident myopi-a in childhood:a prospective cohort study[J].Invest Oph-thalmol Vis Sci,2012,53(6):2856-2865.
[9]Sherwin JC,Reacher MH,Keogh RH,et al.The associationbetween time spent outdoors and myopia in children and ado-lescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Oph-thalmology,2012,119(10):2141-51.
[10]Ip JM,Saw SM,Rose KA,et al.Role of near work in myo-pia:findings in a sample of Australian school children[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2008,49(7):2903-2910.
[2]盖志敏,吴红,于双玉,等.青岛市学龄前儿童视力异常及其危险因素调查[J].临床儿科杂志,2004,22(5):318-319.
[3]张瑞珍,刘燕,卢宪梅.学龄前儿童视力异常因素调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2008,16(1):38,41.
[4]吕惠芬.2003～2009年鄞州区姜山社区集居儿童健康检查分析[J].中华全科医学,2010,8(5):618-619.
[5]Courtright P,Hutchinson AK,Lewallen S.Visual impair-ment in children in middle-and lower-income coun-tries[J].Arch Dis Child,2011,96(12):1129-1134.
[6]O'Connor AR,Stewart CE,Singh J,et al.Do infants ofbirth weight less than 1500 g require additional long termophthalmic follow up[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2006,90(4):451-455.
[7]Dirani M,Tong L,Gazzard G,et al.Outdoor activity andmyopia in Singapore teenage children[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2009,93(8):997-1000.
[8]Guggenheim JA,Northstone K,McMahon G,et al.Timeoutdoors and physical activity as predictors of incident myopi-a in childhood:a prospective cohort study[J].Invest Oph-thalmol Vis Sci,2012,53(6):2856-2865.
[9]Sherwin JC,Reacher MH,Keogh RH,et al.The associationbetween time spent outdoors and myopia in children and ado-lescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Oph-thalmology,2012,119(10):2141-51.
[10]Ip JM,Saw SM,Rose KA,et al.Role of near work in myo-pia:findings in a sample of Australian school children[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2008,49(7):2903-2910.