Distribution of stem decay in the beech trees of the Azerbaijan and its impact on the output of commercial wood
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摘要
To determine the distribution of stem decay in the beech stands of Azerbaijan, we sought to identify the species, number, and height of attachment of fruiting bodies; the extent of decay in tree trunks growing under different conditions; and its influence on the trees' commercial wood. The research was conducted on three farms representing the most common forest types of the Greater Caucasus within Azerbaijan. Examination of the presence of fruiting bodies in the tree trunk revealed that stem decay is the most common infection in beech(Fagus orientalis)stands, especially in fresh, moist areas, with less infection under dry growing conditions. In this work, the length,diameter, and volume of decay were studied by infecting the trunks of 93 model trees affected with mushrooms in 1–4 m cuttings. Our results showed that as the age of the stand increased, extent, diameter, and volume of decay increased significantly: the extent of decay from 1.47 to 6.43 m; the diameter of the decay from 8.15 to 32.7 cm;and the volume of decay from 2.5 to 13.2%. The relationship between age and the specified indicators is presented graphically. Using data obtained from the same sample of trees, we determined the expected and actual yield of commercial wood by age class. We determined that stem decay in beech stands leads to a decrease in the yield of commercial wood on average from 25.1% in the middle-aged to 14.8% in overmature plantations, respectively, with an estimated yield of 40.8–62.7%. Here we present mathematical models of the output of commercial wood from the infected part of the stands by age classes with the use of average data on the extent of decay in model trees.
To determine the distribution of stem decay in the beech stands of Azerbaijan, we sought to identify the species, number, and height of attachment of fruiting bodies; the extent of decay in tree trunks growing under different conditions; and its influence on the trees' commercial wood. The research was conducted on three farms representing the most common forest types of the Greater Caucasus within Azerbaijan. Examination of the presence of fruiting bodies in the tree trunk revealed that stem decay is the most common infection in beech(Fagus orientalis)stands, especially in fresh, moist areas, with less infection under dry growing conditions. In this work, the length,diameter, and volume of decay were studied by infecting the trunks of 93 model trees affected with mushrooms in 1–4 m cuttings. Our results showed that as the age of the stand increased, extent, diameter, and volume of decay increased significantly: the extent of decay from 1.47 to 6.43 m; the diameter of the decay from 8.15 to 32.7 cm;and the volume of decay from 2.5 to 13.2%. The relationship between age and the specified indicators is presented graphically. Using data obtained from the same sample of trees, we determined the expected and actual yield of commercial wood by age class. We determined that stem decay in beech stands leads to a decrease in the yield of commercial wood on average from 25.1% in the middle-aged to 14.8% in overmature plantations, respectively, with an estimated yield of 40.8–62.7%. Here we present mathematical models of the output of commercial wood from the infected part of the stands by age classes with the use of average data on the extent of decay in model trees.
To determine the distribution of stem decay in the beech stands of Azerbaijan, we sought to identify the species, number, and height of attachment of fruiting bodies; the extent of decay in tree trunks growing under different conditions; and its influence on the trees' commercial wood. The research was conducted on three farms representing the most common forest types of the Greater Caucasus within Azerbaijan. Examination of the presence of fruiting bodies in the tree trunk revealed that stem decay is the most common infection in beech(Fagus orientalis)stands, especially in fresh, moist areas, with less infection under dry growing conditions. In this work, the length,diameter, and volume of decay were studied by infecting the trunks of 93 model trees affected with mushrooms in 1–4 m cuttings. Our results showed that as the age of the stand increased, extent, diameter, and volume of decay increased significantly: the extent of decay from 1.47 to 6.43 m; the diameter of the decay from 8.15 to 32.7 cm;and the volume of decay from 2.5 to 13.2%. The relationship between age and the specified indicators is presented graphically. Using data obtained from the same sample of trees, we determined the expected and actual yield of commercial wood by age class. We determined that stem decay in beech stands leads to a decrease in the yield of commercial wood on average from 25.1% in the middle-aged to 14.8% in overmature plantations, respectively, with an estimated yield of 40.8–62.7%. Here we present mathematical models of the output of commercial wood from the infected part of the stands by age classes with the use of average data on the extent of decay in model trees.
引文
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OST(1983)56-69-83 Trial areas for forest management.Method of bookmarking.TSBNTI State Forestry of the USSR,Moscow
Shevchenko SV,Tsilyurik AV(1986)Forest phytopathology.High School,Kiev
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Yakimov IV,Nechaev YA(1975)Technical properties of beech wood Kabardino-Balkaria in connection with the types of forest.Ed.‘‘Elbrus’’,Nalchik
Ezhov ON,Ershov RV(2008)On aspen stem decay in middle-taiga forest stands news of higher educational institutions.For J2:19-25
Ismailov NI(2011)Volumetric tables of tree species of the Republic of Azerbaijan,vol I.Baku,242 p
Kanygina NE(1965)Fungus causing decay of the wood of the Eastern beech and their influence on output of commercial wood in the mountain forests of the Greater Caucasus(within Azerbaijan SSR):PhD dissertation
Novruzova ZA(1965)Structure and properties of the wood of the main forest species Azerbaijan SSR.Ed.Academy of Sciences of the USSR,Baku
OST(1983)56-69-83 Trial areas for forest management.Method of bookmarking.TSBNTI State Forestry of the USSR,Moscow
Shevchenko SV,Tsilyurik AV(1986)Forest phytopathology.High School,Kiev
Vakin AT,Poluboyarinov OI,Soloviev VA(1980)Wood defects.Forestry,Moscow
Yakhyaev AB(2000)Tree-decomposing fungi on the basic forestforming Breeds of the Khachmaz zone.In:Proceedings of Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction,No 1.Baku,pp 394-396
Yakimov IV,Nechaev YA(1975)Technical properties of beech wood Kabardino-Balkaria in connection with the types of forest.Ed.‘‘Elbrus’’,Nalchik