长期有机培肥对苏打盐碱土壤有机氮组分的影响
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摘要
【目的】改良盐碱地。【方法】在黑龙江省肇州县的盐碱土长期定位试验站,以不同培肥年限(未开垦、培肥6 a、培肥9 a和培肥12 a)的耕层土壤作为研究对象,采用田间取样配合室内分析的试验方法,探讨了长期有机培肥措施下土壤全氮及其各组分(活性I氮组分、活性II氮组分、惰性氮组分)的变化情况。【结果】长期有机培肥显著提高土壤全氮量及其各组分的量,土壤全氮、活性I氮组分、活性II氮组分和惰性氮组分均随培肥年限的增加而增加,培肥12 a处理的各组分量均为最大;土壤全氮量增加主要源于土壤活性II氮组分及惰性氮组分增加,其次为活性I氮组分。【结论】有机培肥亦显著增加土壤有机碳量及作物产量,且土壤全氮与土壤有机质、玉米产量呈正相关关系。
【Objective】Improve saline alkali soil.【Method】According to manure application history, manure applied to saline-sodic soils for 6, 9 and 12 years were used as the experimental materials, and soil without manure application was use as control in a long-term experimental field of saline-sodic soil amelioration. Long-term effects of manure application on soil total nitrogen(TN) and soil organic nitrogen fraction were carried out using field experiment combined laboratory analysis, such as labile I organic N, labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N.【Result】Long-term manure application significantly increased the soil TN content and soil organic N fractions. Labile I organic N, labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N contents were increased with the number of year of manure application, with the highest contents observed for 12 year manure application. Increased soil TN content mainly resulted from labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N increasing, followed by Labile I organic N.【Conclusion】Summarily, application of manure in saline-sodic soils obviously promote capacity of supply of soil nitrogen.
【Objective】Improve saline alkali soil.【Method】According to manure application history, manure applied to saline-sodic soils for 6, 9 and 12 years were used as the experimental materials, and soil without manure application was use as control in a long-term experimental field of saline-sodic soil amelioration. Long-term effects of manure application on soil total nitrogen(TN) and soil organic nitrogen fraction were carried out using field experiment combined laboratory analysis, such as labile I organic N, labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N.【Result】Long-term manure application significantly increased the soil TN content and soil organic N fractions. Labile I organic N, labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N contents were increased with the number of year of manure application, with the highest contents observed for 12 year manure application. Increased soil TN content mainly resulted from labile II organic N and recalcitrant organic N increasing, followed by Labile I organic N.【Conclusion】Summarily, application of manure in saline-sodic soils obviously promote capacity of supply of soil nitrogen.
引文
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[11]孟繁华,李桂花,卢昌艾,等.长期不同施肥黑土碳氮库的组分特征[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(2):12-16.
[12] YANG X Y, SUN B H, ZHANG S L. Trends of yield and soil fertility in a long-term wheat-maize system[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2014, 13:402-414.
[13] BHATTACHARYYA T, PAL D K, EASTER M. Evaluating the century C model using long-term fertilizer trials in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India[J]. Agriculture Ecosystem&Environment, 2007, 122(1):73-83.
[14]佟小刚.长期施肥下我国典型农田土壤有机碳库变化特征[D].北京:中国农业科学院研究生院,2008.
[15]韩晓增,王凤仙,王凤菊,等.长期施用有机肥对黑土肥力及作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(1):66-70.
[2]齐春艳,梁正伟.松嫩平原苏打盐碱化土壤Zn供应及植物Zn素营养的研究进展[J].农业系统科学与综合研究, 2010,(3):378-384.
[3] XU Y M, LIU H, WANG X H, et al. Changes in organic carbon index of grey desert soil in northwest China after long-term fertilization[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2014, 13(3):554-561.
[4] BHATTI A U, KHAN Q, GURMANI A H, et al. Effect of organic manure and chemical amendments on soil properties and crop yield on a salt affected entisol[J]. Pedosphere, 2005, 15(1):46-51.
[5]杨明,孙毅,高玉山,等.有机肥对苏打盐碱土的改良效果研究[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(3):43-46, 62.
[6]王伯仁,李冬初,蔡泽江,等.长期不同施肥对红壤碳氮储量的影响[J].土壤通报, 2011, 42(4):808-811.
[7] ROVIRA P, VALLEJO V R. Labile and recalcitrant pools of carbon and nitrogen in organic matter decomposing at different depths in soil:an acid hydrolysis approach[J]. Geoderma, 2002, 107(1/2):109-141.
[8]乔云发.施肥对黑土碳氮转化过程的影响[D].吉林:吉林农业大学,2012.
[9]张永全,寇长林,马政华,等.长期有机肥与氮肥配施对潮土有机碳和有机氮组分的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):584-588.
[10]于维水.长期不同施肥下我国四种典型土壤易、耐分解碳氮的组分特征[D].北京:中国农业科学院研究生院,2015.
[11]孟繁华,李桂花,卢昌艾,等.长期不同施肥黑土碳氮库的组分特征[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(2):12-16.
[12] YANG X Y, SUN B H, ZHANG S L. Trends of yield and soil fertility in a long-term wheat-maize system[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2014, 13:402-414.
[13] BHATTACHARYYA T, PAL D K, EASTER M. Evaluating the century C model using long-term fertilizer trials in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India[J]. Agriculture Ecosystem&Environment, 2007, 122(1):73-83.
[14]佟小刚.长期施肥下我国典型农田土壤有机碳库变化特征[D].北京:中国农业科学院研究生院,2008.
[15]韩晓增,王凤仙,王凤菊,等.长期施用有机肥对黑土肥力及作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(1):66-70.