湿法脱硫烟气中两种模拟颗粒物在CO_2吸收膜上的粘附特性研究
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摘要
利用原子力显微镜分析湿法脱硫净烟气中燃煤飞灰、石膏颗粒在普通玻璃、硅晶片、PVDF、PP膜上的粘附特性及颗粒间的粘附力,考察膜表面粗糙度、相对湿度、颗粒表面特性等的影响;在此基础上,开展细颗粒物单独及其与水汽共存时PP中空纤维膜组件吸收CO_2性能试验。结果表明:干燥条件下,颗粒间的临界粘附力与颗粒–膜表面的临界粘附力大小并未明显差异;但在潮湿环境中,石膏颗粒–颗粒间的粘附力明显大于石膏颗粒–PP膜间的粘附力,且随相对湿度RH的提高,石膏颗粒–颗粒间的临界粘附力显著增加;颗粒单独存在时,连续运行7h后CO_2吸收效率下降17.9%;颗粒物和水汽共存时,脱除效率下降18.9%;石膏–飞灰颗粒间的粘附作用可加速颗粒在膜表面的粘附沉积,是导致CO_2吸收性能下降的主要因素。
Study of the adhesion properties of particle on membrane surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy(AFM). The adhesion force of a single particle with flat glass, silicon wafer, polypropylene(PP) membrane,and inter-particles were measured. The influence of surface roughness, relative humidity(RH) and particle properties on the adhesion behavior were investigated. The effects of the existence of fine particles and the coexistence of water vapor on the absorption of CO_2 absorption properties of the PP hollow fiber membrane module were investigated by using self-designed CO_2 membrane absorption system. The results show no obvious difference of adhesion force was obtained between the four substrates which has different surface roughness at dry condition. While in the moist environment,the adhesion force of gypsum-particle is much larger than gypsum-PP membrane. Additionally, with the increase of RH,the adhesion force of gypsum-particle increased significantly.The results show that when the fine particles exist alone, the CO_2 removal efficiency decreased by 17.9% after 7 days of continuous operation. When the particles and water vapor coexisted, the removal efficiency decreased by 18.9%, The presence of water vapor had an effect on the removal efficiency but not obvious. The adhesion between gypsum and fly ash particles can accelerate the adhesion and deposition of particles on the membrane surface, which is the main factor leading to the decrease of CO_2 absorption properties.
Study of the adhesion properties of particle on membrane surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy(AFM). The adhesion force of a single particle with flat glass, silicon wafer, polypropylene(PP) membrane,and inter-particles were measured. The influence of surface roughness, relative humidity(RH) and particle properties on the adhesion behavior were investigated. The effects of the existence of fine particles and the coexistence of water vapor on the absorption of CO_2 absorption properties of the PP hollow fiber membrane module were investigated by using self-designed CO_2 membrane absorption system. The results show no obvious difference of adhesion force was obtained between the four substrates which has different surface roughness at dry condition. While in the moist environment,the adhesion force of gypsum-particle is much larger than gypsum-PP membrane. Additionally, with the increase of RH,the adhesion force of gypsum-particle increased significantly.The results show that when the fine particles exist alone, the CO_2 removal efficiency decreased by 17.9% after 7 days of continuous operation. When the particles and water vapor coexisted, the removal efficiency decreased by 18.9%, The presence of water vapor had an effect on the removal efficiency but not obvious. The adhesion between gypsum and fly ash particles can accelerate the adhesion and deposition of particles on the membrane surface, which is the main factor leading to the decrease of CO_2 absorption properties.
引文
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[20]Atchariyawut S,Feng Chunsheng,Wang Rong,et al.Effect of membrane structure on mass-transfer in the membrane gas:liquid contacting process using microporous PVDF hollow fibers[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,285(1-2):272-281.
[2]Rubin E S,Chen Chao,Rao A B.Cost and performance of fossil fuel power plants with CO2 capture and storage[J].Energy Policy,2007,35(9):4444-4454.
[3]程路,邢璐.2030年碳排放达到峰值对电力发展的要求及影响分析[J].中国电力,2016,49(1):174-177.Cheng Lu,Xing Lu.Analysis of requirement and impact of power development under the peak carbon emissions in2030[J].Electric Power,2016,49(1):174-177(in Chinese).
[4]张琳,瞿如敏,王霞,等.SO2对膜吸收法捕集烟气中CO2的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(12):3047-3053.Zhang Lin,Qu Rumin,Wang Xia,et al.Experimental study on the effect of SO2 on the absorption of CO2 by membranes[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(12):3047-3053..
[5]Merkel T C,Lin Haiqing,Wei Xiaotong,et al.Power plant post-combustion carbon dioxide capture:An opportunity for membranes[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2010,359(1-2):126-139.
[6]孙亚伟,谢美连,刘庆岭,等.膜法分离燃煤电厂烟气中CO2的研究现状及进展[J].化工进展,2017,36(5):1880-1889.SunYawei,XieMeilian,Liu Qingling,et al.Membrane-based carbon dioxide separation from flue gases of coal-fired power plant-current status and developments[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2017,36(5):1880-1889(in Chinese).
[7]张琳,胡斌,王霞,等.PI中空纤维膜分离模拟燃煤脱硫烟气中的CO2[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(9):2637-2644.Zhang Lin,Hu Bin,Wang Xia,et al.CO2 Separation by PI hollow fiber membrane from desulfurized flue gas[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(9):2637-2644(in Chinese).
[8]沙焱,杨林军,陈浩,等.燃煤烟气中细颗粒物与共存气态组分对膜吸收CO2的影响[J].化工学报,2013,64(4):1293-1299.Sha Yan,Yang Linjun,Chen Hao,et al.Effect of fine particles and coexistent gaseous components in flue gas on CO2 absorption[J].CIESC Journal,2013,64(4):1293-1299(in Chinese).
[9]张琳,孙莹,杨林军.利用原子力显微镜探究颗粒在CO2吸收膜表面的黏附力[J].高校化学工程学报,2019,33(1):97-101.Zhang Lin,Sun Ying,Yang Linjun.Research on particle adhesion on CO2 absorption membrane surface using atomic force microscopy[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2019,33(1):97-101(in Chinese).
[10]Ducker W A,Senden T J,Pashley R M.Direct measurement of colloidal forces using an atomic force microscope[J].Nature,1991,353(6341):239-241.
[11]Jones R,Pollock H M,Cleaver J A S,et al.Adhesion Forces between glass and silicon surfaces in air studied by AFM:effects of relative humidity,particle size,roughness,and surface treatment[J].Langmuir,2002,18(21):8045-8055.
[12]张琳.基于燃煤湿法脱硫净烟气环境的膜法捕集CO2及其失效特性研究[D].南京:东南大学,2018.Zhang Lin.CO2 capture by membrane process from coal-fired wet desulfurized flue gas and the failure mechanism[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2018.
[13]柳冠青,李水清,姚强.微米颗粒与固体表面相互作用的AFM测量[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(5):803-806.Liu Guanqing,Li Shuiqing,Yao Qiang.AFMmeasurement of the interaction between a micro-sized fly ash particle andasubstrate[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2009,30(5):803-806(in Chinese).
[14]Ducker W A,Senden T J,Pashley R M.Measurement of forces in liquids using a force microscope[J].Langmuir,1992,8(7):1831-1836.
[15]孙莹,张琳,杨林军.膜吸收CO2工艺中不同吸收液对膜润湿的影响[J].化工进展,2018,37(10):395-404.Sun Ying,Zhang Lin,Yang Linjun.Effects of different absorb liquids on membrane wetting during membrane absorption process[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2018,37(10):395-404(in Chinese).
[16]Chang C H,Kryder M H.Effect of substrate roughness on microstructure,uniaxial anisotropy,and coercivity of Co/Pt multilayer thin films[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1994,75(10):6864-6866.
[17]Kumar A,StaedlerT,JiangXin.Role of relative size of asperities and adhering particles on the adhesion force[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2013,409:211-218.
[18]BrantJ A,Childress A E.Colloidal adhesion to hydrophilic membrane surfaces[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2004,241(2):235-248.
[19]Fuji M.Influence of moisture on surface properties of particle and adhesional force between particles[J].Journal of the Research Association of Powder Technology Japan,2010,40:355-363.
[20]Atchariyawut S,Feng Chunsheng,Wang Rong,et al.Effect of membrane structure on mass-transfer in the membrane gas:liquid contacting process using microporous PVDF hollow fibers[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,285(1-2):272-281.
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