CO_2地质封存时移垂直地震监测技术
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摘要
神华CO_2捕获和封存(carbon capture and storage,CCS)示范项目是我国首个全流程煤基CO_2捕获和在低孔低渗深部咸水层进行多层注入的CO_2封存示范项目,意在通过时移垂直地震(VSP)监测CO_2地质封存状况。介绍了CO_2地质封存时移VSP技术和监测效果。通过注气前后3次VSP观测,得到了高品质时移VSP资料,研究了一致性处理技术、矢量波场分离和多波成像技术,获得了高分辨率的多波时移VSP剖面,通过深度域标定和多种属性解释对比,分析了注气前后VSP地震响应特征,预测了CO_2地下运移范围,达到CCS项目预期监测目标。结果证明,时移VSP技术是监测CO_2地质封存与运移的有效技术手段。
Shenhua carbon capture and storage(CCS) project is China's first complete process coal-based CO_2 capture and multi-layer injection CO_2 storage demonstration project in deep saline aquifer with low porosity and low permeability. With Shenhua CCS project as an example, the time-lapse vertical seismic profile(VSP) technology is presented and monitoring results of CO_2 storage is obtained. By means of 3 VSP observations before and after gas injection, high quality time-lapse VSP data are obtained. High-quality time-lapse VSP images are achieved by developing consistency processing, vector wave-field separation and multi-component imaging. The seismic response characteristics of VSP before and after gas injection are analyzed by depth domain calibration and multiple attribute interpretation. The range of CO_2 underground migration is predicted to reach the expected monitoring target of the CCS project. This case study shows that the VSP monitoring technology is an effective method to monitor carbon dioxide geological storage and migration.
Shenhua carbon capture and storage(CCS) project is China's first complete process coal-based CO_2 capture and multi-layer injection CO_2 storage demonstration project in deep saline aquifer with low porosity and low permeability. With Shenhua CCS project as an example, the time-lapse vertical seismic profile(VSP) technology is presented and monitoring results of CO_2 storage is obtained. By means of 3 VSP observations before and after gas injection, high quality time-lapse VSP data are obtained. High-quality time-lapse VSP images are achieved by developing consistency processing, vector wave-field separation and multi-component imaging. The seismic response characteristics of VSP before and after gas injection are analyzed by depth domain calibration and multiple attribute interpretation. The range of CO_2 underground migration is predicted to reach the expected monitoring target of the CCS project. This case study shows that the VSP monitoring technology is an effective method to monitor carbon dioxide geological storage and migration.
引文
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[3]王建秀,吴远斌,于海鹏.二氧化碳封存技术研究进展[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(1):81-90.WANG Jian-xiu,WU Yuan-bin,YU Hai-peng.Review of the technology for sequestration of carbon dioxide[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(1):81-90.
[4]耿建华,董良国,马在田.海底节点长期地震观测:油气田开发与CO2地质封存过程监测[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(6):669-676.GENG Jian-hua,DONG Liang-guo,MA Zai-tian.Ocean bottom nodes time-lapse seismic survey for monitoring oil and gas production and CO2 geological storage[J].Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(6):669-676.
[5]ARTS R,EIKEN O,CHADWICK A,et al.Monitoring of CO2 injected at Sleipner using time-lapse seismic data[J].Elsevier Energy,2004,29:1383-1392.
[6]O’BRIEN JOHN,KILBRIDE FIONA,LIM FRANK.Time-lapse 3-D VSP monitoring of a CO2 EOR Flood[C]//74th SEG Annual International Meeting,Expanded Abstracts.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2004:2267-2227.
[7]THOMAS M D,LARRY R M,PETERSON J E,et al.Time-lapse crosswell seismic and VSP monitoring of injected CO2 in a brine aquifer[J].Environmental,2008,54(8):1657-1665.
[8]CHADWICK R A,NOY D,ARTS R,et al.Latest time-lapse seismic data from sleipner yield new insights into CO2 plume development[J].Energy Procedia,2009,1(1):2103-2110.
[9]朱光明.垂直地震剖面方法[M].北京:石油工业出社,1988.ZHU Guang-ming.Vertical seismic profiling methods[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1988.
[10]丁伟.互均衡处理技术的分析与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):17-23.DING Wei.Analysis and application of cross-equalization processing technique[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(1):17-23.
[11]陈沅忠,郭晓玲,徐正顺.时间域大阵列3D3C-VSP资料波场分离[C]//CPS/SEG北京国际地球物理会议暨展览会.[出版地不详]:[出版社不详],2009:1112.CHEN Yuan-zhong,GUO Xiao-ling,XU Zheng-shun.Wavefield separation of large array 3D3C VSP data in time domain[C]//CPS/SEG Beijing 2009 International Geophysical Conference&Exposition.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2009:1112.
[12]CHEN G M,PERON J.Mapping of 3D VSP data using quick ray tracing[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1949,17(1):2092.