盐碱地枸杞间作不同作物的土壤水盐变化及盐平衡
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摘要
[目的]研究盐碱地枸杞不同间作模式下土壤水盐的变化,为盐碱地改良和利用提供一定科学依据。[方法]设置枸杞间作苜蓿、枸杞间作油菜、枸杞间作碱蓬、枸杞单作4种处理,分析不同间作模式下土壤水盐变化以及土壤盐平衡。[结果]各处理土壤含水率,在0—60 cm土层呈现出:间作苜蓿>间作油菜>间作碱蓬>对照,依次为13.67%,13.02%,12.22%,11.86%,在60—100 cm土层变化不明显;土壤盐分含量在0—40 cm土层中与对照相比,间作苜蓿、间作油菜、间作碱蓬分别下降6.91,5.82,2.21g/kg,在40—100 cm土层土壤盐分分别下降3.20,2.93,0.95g/kg;0—100 cm土层,枸杞间作苜蓿、间作油菜、间作碱蓬及对照土壤脱盐率依次为40.38%,26.52%,9.00%,-60.66%。除对照外,其他处理的土壤盐分均呈脱盐状态。[结论]盐碱地枸杞不同间作模式均能有效增加土壤含水率,降低土壤盐分,达到改良盐碱地的效果。
[Objective] The changes of soil water and salt under different intercropping patterns of Lycium chinense in saline-alkali soil were researched in order to provide scientific basis for the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land. [Methods] Four treatments of L. chinense intercropping with Medicago sativa, Brassica napus, Suaeda glauca and L. chinense monoculture were set up to analyze soil water and salt changes and soil salt balance under different intercropping modes. [Results] The soil moisture content of each treatment in the 0—60 cm soil layer showed that the intercropping M. sativa(13.67%)>intercropping B. napus(13.02%)> intercropping S. glauca(12.22%) > control(11.86%), and it was not obvious in the 60—100 cm soil layer. Compared with the control, the soil salinity of intercropping M. sativa, intercropping B. napus and intercropping S. glauca decreased by 6.91, 5.82 and 2.21 g/kg in the 0—40 cm soil layer, respectively. Soil desalination rates of intercropping M. sativa, intercropping B. napus and intercropping S. glauca and CK were 40.38%, 26.52%, 9.00% and-60.66% in 0—100 cm soil layer, respectively. Except for control, the soil of other treatments was all desalinated. [Conclusion] Different intercropping patterns of saline-alkali mantle can effectively increase soil water content, reduce soil salinity, and improve saline-alkali land.
[Objective] The changes of soil water and salt under different intercropping patterns of Lycium chinense in saline-alkali soil were researched in order to provide scientific basis for the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land. [Methods] Four treatments of L. chinense intercropping with Medicago sativa, Brassica napus, Suaeda glauca and L. chinense monoculture were set up to analyze soil water and salt changes and soil salt balance under different intercropping modes. [Results] The soil moisture content of each treatment in the 0—60 cm soil layer showed that the intercropping M. sativa(13.67%)>intercropping B. napus(13.02%)> intercropping S. glauca(12.22%) > control(11.86%), and it was not obvious in the 60—100 cm soil layer. Compared with the control, the soil salinity of intercropping M. sativa, intercropping B. napus and intercropping S. glauca decreased by 6.91, 5.82 and 2.21 g/kg in the 0—40 cm soil layer, respectively. Soil desalination rates of intercropping M. sativa, intercropping B. napus and intercropping S. glauca and CK were 40.38%, 26.52%, 9.00% and-60.66% in 0—100 cm soil layer, respectively. Except for control, the soil of other treatments was all desalinated. [Conclusion] Different intercropping patterns of saline-alkali mantle can effectively increase soil water content, reduce soil salinity, and improve saline-alkali land.
引文
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[19] 王升,王全九,周蓓蓓,等.膜下滴灌棉田间作盐生植物改良盐碱地效果[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):362-367.
[20] 何子建,史文娟,杨军强.膜下滴灌间作盐生植物棉田水盐运移特征及脱盐效果[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(23):129-138.
[21] 梁飞,田长彦,田明明,等.追施氮肥对盐地碱蓬生长及其改良盐渍土效果研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(3):234-240.
[22] 祁通,孙阳讯,黄建,等.两种盐生植物在南北疆地区的适生性及吸盐能力[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(1):144-148.
[23] 董积忠,尹传华,王海孝,等.两种盐生植物生物移盐能力及土壤改良效果比较[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(1):124-128.
[24] 单娜娜,赖波,杨志莹,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘不同盐生植物种植后土壤盐分变化研究[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(12):2314-2320.
[25] 张蛟.种植碱蓬和秸秆覆盖对沿海滩涂极重度盐土盐分动态与脱盐效果的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(5):1686-1694.
[26] 张体彬,展小云,康跃虎,等.浅层填沙滴灌种植枸杞改良龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):139-149.
[27] 侯晨丽,田德龙,徐冰,等.含盐土壤不同作物根系分布对水盐分布的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(10):1059-1064.
[28] 赵振勇,李中邵,张福海,等.盐生植物种植对克拉玛依农业开发区盐分平衡的影响[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):211-215.
[29] 麻莹,王晓苹,姜海波,等.盐碱胁迫下碱地肤体内的有机酸积累及其草酸代谢特点[J].草业学报,2017,26(7):158-165.
[30] 张桂玲.施用中度嗜盐菌盐碱地棉田细菌群落结构研究[D].新疆石河子:石河子大学,2010.
[2] 罗廷彬,任崴,谢春虹.新疆盐碱地生物改良的必要性与可行性[J].干旱区研究,2001,18(1):46-48.
[3] 董新光,邓铭江,周金龙,等.论新疆平原灌区土壤盐碱化与水资源开发[J].灌溉排水学报,2005,24(5):14-17.
[4] 张克强,白成云,马宏斌,等.大同盆地金沙滩盐碱地综合治理技术开发研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(13):136-141.
[5] Alkaraki G N,Alomoush M.Wheat response to phosphogypsum and mycorrhizal fungi in alkaline soil[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2002,25(4):873-883.
[6] 祁通,孙九胜,刘易,等.滴灌条件下不同盐生植物对盐渍化土壤的脱盐效果研究[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(12):2309-2314.
[7] Alam A,Sharma V.Potential of glycophytes and halophytes in phytoremediation of salt and metal contaminated soils:A review[J].Current Environmental Engineering,2017,4(1):53-65.
[8] Fountoulakis M S,Sabathianakis G,Kritsotakis I,et al.Halophytes as vertical-flow constructed wetland vegetation for domestic wastewater treatment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,583:432-439.
[9] Bhuiyan M S I,Raman A,Hodgkins D,et al.Influence of high levels of Na+ and Cl- on ion concentration,growth,and photosynthetic performance of three salt-tolerant plants[J].Flora-Morphology Distribution Functional Ecology of Plants,2017,228:1-9.
[10] 任崴,罗廷彬,王宝军,等.新疆生物改良盐碱地效益研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(4):211-214.
[11] Zhao Kefu,Fan Hai,Jiang Xingyu,et al.Improvement and utilization of saline soil by planting halophytes[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2002,8(1):31-35.
[12] Hasanuzzaman M,Nahar K,Alam M,et al.Potential use of halophytes to remediate saline soils[J].BioMed research international,2014(10):1-12.
[13] 季洪亮.滨海盐碱地生态修复效果评价[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(2):301-307.
[14] Egamberdieva D,Mamedov N A.Potential use of licorice in phytore mediation of salt affected soils[M]//?ztürk M,Ashraf M,Aksoy A,et al.Plants,Pollutants and Remediation.Netherlands:Springer,2015:309-318.
[15] 吕昕培,张吉平,李永生,等.内蒙古科尔沁草原不同植物生境土壤盐分特征研究[J].草地学报,2017,25(4):749-755.
[16] 肖克飚,吴普特,雷金银,等.不同类型耐盐植物对盐碱土生物改良研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(12):2433-2440.
[17] 林学政,沈继红,刘克斋,等.种植盐地碱蓬修复滨海盐渍土效果的研究[J].海洋科学进展,2005,23(1):65-69.
[18] 王静.不同牧草品种及轮作方式改良盐碱地效果与机理研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2018.
[19] 王升,王全九,周蓓蓓,等.膜下滴灌棉田间作盐生植物改良盐碱地效果[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):362-367.
[20] 何子建,史文娟,杨军强.膜下滴灌间作盐生植物棉田水盐运移特征及脱盐效果[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(23):129-138.
[21] 梁飞,田长彦,田明明,等.追施氮肥对盐地碱蓬生长及其改良盐渍土效果研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(3):234-240.
[22] 祁通,孙阳讯,黄建,等.两种盐生植物在南北疆地区的适生性及吸盐能力[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(1):144-148.
[23] 董积忠,尹传华,王海孝,等.两种盐生植物生物移盐能力及土壤改良效果比较[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(1):124-128.
[24] 单娜娜,赖波,杨志莹,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘不同盐生植物种植后土壤盐分变化研究[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(12):2314-2320.
[25] 张蛟.种植碱蓬和秸秆覆盖对沿海滩涂极重度盐土盐分动态与脱盐效果的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(5):1686-1694.
[26] 张体彬,展小云,康跃虎,等.浅层填沙滴灌种植枸杞改良龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):139-149.
[27] 侯晨丽,田德龙,徐冰,等.含盐土壤不同作物根系分布对水盐分布的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(10):1059-1064.
[28] 赵振勇,李中邵,张福海,等.盐生植物种植对克拉玛依农业开发区盐分平衡的影响[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):211-215.
[29] 麻莹,王晓苹,姜海波,等.盐碱胁迫下碱地肤体内的有机酸积累及其草酸代谢特点[J].草业学报,2017,26(7):158-165.
[30] 张桂玲.施用中度嗜盐菌盐碱地棉田细菌群落结构研究[D].新疆石河子:石河子大学,2010.