兔唇鼠尾草种子粘液理化特性及提取工艺的研究
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摘要
本研究在对兔唇鼠尾草种子粘液的吸水特性和红外光谱进行分析的基础上,利用响应面分析方法优化种子粘液的提取工艺,并探讨提取时间、液料比、提取温度等3个因素对种子粘液提取率的影响。结果表明:兔唇鼠尾草种子在自然干燥状态下呈卵形,表面光滑无毛,深棕色,种子表皮纹饰为波浪状结构,在水中种子可以吸收相当于其自身干重22倍的水分;干燥的粘液种子吸水120 min后即达到饱和,而吸水饱和后的粘液种子要经过16 h后又干燥失水恢复至原重;种子粘液是一类多糖化合物,该多糖分子含β-糖苷键;优化的种子粘液提取工艺为:提取时间3.7 h,液料比59:1,提取温度64℃,多糖提取率为7.41%。本研究为兔唇鼠尾草资源的开发应用提供了理论依据。
Based on the basic analysis on the water absorption property and infrared spectroscopic of seed mucilage of Salvia lagochila, the extraction conditions of the seed mucilage were optimized using response surface methodology, and the effect of 3 factors which were extraction time, liquid to solid ratio and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of seed mucilage was studied. The results showed that the S. lagochila seed was oval in the natural dry environment with smooth surface, which was dark brown, and seed epidermis was undulate.The seed was able to absorb an amount of water which was 22 times of its own dry weight. The dried mucilaginous seeds reached saturation in 120 minutes after absorbing water, and the water saturated seeds were dehydrated to their original dry weight in 16 hours after being exposed to air at room temperature. The seed mucilage was a compound of polysaccharides, having β-glycosidic bonds. The optimum extraction conditions were the extraction time of 3.7 h, liquid to solid ratio of 59: 1, extraction temperature of 64℃, and the polysaccharose extraction rate of 7.41%. This study would provide theoretical basis for the development and application of S. lagochila resources.
Based on the basic analysis on the water absorption property and infrared spectroscopic of seed mucilage of Salvia lagochila, the extraction conditions of the seed mucilage were optimized using response surface methodology, and the effect of 3 factors which were extraction time, liquid to solid ratio and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of seed mucilage was studied. The results showed that the S. lagochila seed was oval in the natural dry environment with smooth surface, which was dark brown, and seed epidermis was undulate.The seed was able to absorb an amount of water which was 22 times of its own dry weight. The dried mucilaginous seeds reached saturation in 120 minutes after absorbing water, and the water saturated seeds were dehydrated to their original dry weight in 16 hours after being exposed to air at room temperature. The seed mucilage was a compound of polysaccharides, having β-glycosidic bonds. The optimum extraction conditions were the extraction time of 3.7 h, liquid to solid ratio of 59: 1, extraction temperature of 64℃, and the polysaccharose extraction rate of 7.41%. This study would provide theoretical basis for the development and application of S. lagochila resources.
引文
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Damonte E.B.,Matulewicz M.C.,and Cerezo A.S.,2004,Sulfated seaweed polysaccharides as antiviral agents,Current Med.Chem.,11(18):2399-2419
Dias P.F.,Siqueira J.M.,and Vendruscolo L.F.,2005,Antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of a polysaccharide isolated from the seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum,Cancer Chemother.and Pharmacol.,56(4):436-446
Hatice N.B.,Ahmet K.,Hatice C.,Musa D.,and Ersin K.,2011,Mericarp micromorphology and anatomy of Salvia hedgeana dnmez,S.huberi hedge and S.rosifolia sm.,(section Salvia Hedge,Lamiaceae),Acta Botanica Croatica,70(1):65-80
Jiang J.X.,Jian H.L.,and Zhu L.W.,2009,Research and application progress of plant galactomannan gum,Linchan Huaxue Yu Gongye(Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products),29(4):121-126(蒋建新,菅红磊,朱莉伟,2009,植物多糖胶研究应用新进展,林产化学与工业,29(4):121-126)
Karuppaiya M.,Sasikumar E.,Viruthagiri T.,and Vijayagopal V.,2009,Optimization of process conditions using response surface methodology(RSM)for ethanol production from waste cashew apple juice by Zymomonas mobilis,Chemical Engineering Communications,196(11):1425-1435
Lin K.Y.,Daniel J.R.,and Whistler R.L.,1994,Structure of chia seed polysaccharide exudate,Carbohydrate Polymers,23(1):13-18
Liu L.,Guo Q.S.,Wang Y.P.,and Zhao R.M.,2006,Study on characteristics of seed germination of Salvia officinalis,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),31(19):1587-1589(刘丽,郭巧生,王云鹏,赵荣梅,2006,药用鼠尾草种子萌发特性的初步研究,中国中药杂志,31(19):1587-1589)
Munoz L.A.,Cobos A.,Diaz O.,and Aguilera J.M.,2012,Chia seeds:Microstructure,mucilage extraction and hydration,J.Food Eng.NLM.,108(1):216-224
Naqvi S.A.,Khan M.M.,Shahid M.,Jaskani M.J.,Khan I.A.,Zuber M.,and Zia K.M.,2011,Biochemical profiling of mucilage extracted from seeds of different citrus rootstocks,Carbohydrate Polymers,83(2):623-628
Oran S.A.,1997,Nutlet anatomy of the genus Salvia L.in Jordan,Flora Mediterranea,7:27-40
Razavi S.M.,Moghaddam T.M.,Emadzadeh B.,and Salehi F.,2012,Dilute solution properties of wild sage(Salvia macrosiphon)seed gum,Food Hydrocolloid,29(1):205-210
Sun Q.,Liang Z.S.,Li S.J.,Liu W.T.,Li X.L.,Jiang C.Z.,Wang J.M.,and Wei X.R.,2003,Study on configuration fabric and germinative conditions of Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),29(10):934-938(孙群,梁宗锁,李绍军,刘文婷,李晓莉,蒋传中,王敬民,卫新荣,2003,丹参种子形态结构与吸水萌发特性,中国中药杂志,29(10):934-938)
Tang L.,Yu X.B.,Hao X.C.,and Hu W.Z.,2005,Optimizing fermentation nucleotides of Cordyces sinensis by response surface method,Shipin Yu Fajiao Gongye(Food and Fermentation Industries),31(11):60-62(汤蕾,余晓斌,郝学财,胡卫珍,2005,应用响应面法优化虫草发酵核苷类物质,食品与发酵工业,31(11):60-62)
Walker J.B.,Sytsma K.J.,Treutlein J.,and Wink M.,2004,Salvia(Lamiaceae)is not monophletic:implications for the systematics,radiation and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe mentheae,Am.J.Bot.,91(7):1115-1125
Wang T.,Li W.S.,Liu S.Y.,Li Y.B.,and Zhang L.,2016,Study on character of water absorbance and the germination under drought stress of Salvia coccinea L.,Guangxi Zhiwu(Guihaia),36(4):430-434(王涛,李文爽,刘世勇,李亚波,张利,2016,朱唇种子吸水特性及其在干旱胁迫下萌发特性,广西植物,36(4):430-434)
Wang T.,Lin L.B.,Zhang Q.L.,Zhang Y.,Liu A.Y.,Li Y.B.,and Zhang L.,2015,Study on characteristics of water absorbance,infrared spectroscopic analysis and extraction technology of mucilage from Salvia przewalskii seed,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),33(4):572-578(王涛,林良斌,张巧玲,张艺,刘世勇,李亚波,张利,2015,甘西鼠尾草种子粘液吸水特性、红外光谱分析及提取工艺研究.植物科学学报,33(4):572-578)
Wang T.,Wang L.,and Zhang L.,2016,Salvia lagochila sp.nov.(Lamiaceae)from Yunnan,China,Nordic Journal of Botany,34(1):43-47
Damonte E.B.,Matulewicz M.C.,and Cerezo A.S.,2004,Sulfated seaweed polysaccharides as antiviral agents,Current Med.Chem.,11(18):2399-2419
Dias P.F.,Siqueira J.M.,and Vendruscolo L.F.,2005,Antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of a polysaccharide isolated from the seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum,Cancer Chemother.and Pharmacol.,56(4):436-446
Hatice N.B.,Ahmet K.,Hatice C.,Musa D.,and Ersin K.,2011,Mericarp micromorphology and anatomy of Salvia hedgeana dnmez,S.huberi hedge and S.rosifolia sm.,(section Salvia Hedge,Lamiaceae),Acta Botanica Croatica,70(1):65-80
Jiang J.X.,Jian H.L.,and Zhu L.W.,2009,Research and application progress of plant galactomannan gum,Linchan Huaxue Yu Gongye(Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products),29(4):121-126(蒋建新,菅红磊,朱莉伟,2009,植物多糖胶研究应用新进展,林产化学与工业,29(4):121-126)
Karuppaiya M.,Sasikumar E.,Viruthagiri T.,and Vijayagopal V.,2009,Optimization of process conditions using response surface methodology(RSM)for ethanol production from waste cashew apple juice by Zymomonas mobilis,Chemical Engineering Communications,196(11):1425-1435
Lin K.Y.,Daniel J.R.,and Whistler R.L.,1994,Structure of chia seed polysaccharide exudate,Carbohydrate Polymers,23(1):13-18
Liu L.,Guo Q.S.,Wang Y.P.,and Zhao R.M.,2006,Study on characteristics of seed germination of Salvia officinalis,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),31(19):1587-1589(刘丽,郭巧生,王云鹏,赵荣梅,2006,药用鼠尾草种子萌发特性的初步研究,中国中药杂志,31(19):1587-1589)
Munoz L.A.,Cobos A.,Diaz O.,and Aguilera J.M.,2012,Chia seeds:Microstructure,mucilage extraction and hydration,J.Food Eng.NLM.,108(1):216-224
Naqvi S.A.,Khan M.M.,Shahid M.,Jaskani M.J.,Khan I.A.,Zuber M.,and Zia K.M.,2011,Biochemical profiling of mucilage extracted from seeds of different citrus rootstocks,Carbohydrate Polymers,83(2):623-628
Oran S.A.,1997,Nutlet anatomy of the genus Salvia L.in Jordan,Flora Mediterranea,7:27-40
Razavi S.M.,Moghaddam T.M.,Emadzadeh B.,and Salehi F.,2012,Dilute solution properties of wild sage(Salvia macrosiphon)seed gum,Food Hydrocolloid,29(1):205-210
Sun Q.,Liang Z.S.,Li S.J.,Liu W.T.,Li X.L.,Jiang C.Z.,Wang J.M.,and Wei X.R.,2003,Study on configuration fabric and germinative conditions of Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds,Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi(China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica),29(10):934-938(孙群,梁宗锁,李绍军,刘文婷,李晓莉,蒋传中,王敬民,卫新荣,2003,丹参种子形态结构与吸水萌发特性,中国中药杂志,29(10):934-938)
Tang L.,Yu X.B.,Hao X.C.,and Hu W.Z.,2005,Optimizing fermentation nucleotides of Cordyces sinensis by response surface method,Shipin Yu Fajiao Gongye(Food and Fermentation Industries),31(11):60-62(汤蕾,余晓斌,郝学财,胡卫珍,2005,应用响应面法优化虫草发酵核苷类物质,食品与发酵工业,31(11):60-62)
Walker J.B.,Sytsma K.J.,Treutlein J.,and Wink M.,2004,Salvia(Lamiaceae)is not monophletic:implications for the systematics,radiation and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe mentheae,Am.J.Bot.,91(7):1115-1125
Wang T.,Li W.S.,Liu S.Y.,Li Y.B.,and Zhang L.,2016,Study on character of water absorbance and the germination under drought stress of Salvia coccinea L.,Guangxi Zhiwu(Guihaia),36(4):430-434(王涛,李文爽,刘世勇,李亚波,张利,2016,朱唇种子吸水特性及其在干旱胁迫下萌发特性,广西植物,36(4):430-434)
Wang T.,Lin L.B.,Zhang Q.L.,Zhang Y.,Liu A.Y.,Li Y.B.,and Zhang L.,2015,Study on characteristics of water absorbance,infrared spectroscopic analysis and extraction technology of mucilage from Salvia przewalskii seed,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),33(4):572-578(王涛,林良斌,张巧玲,张艺,刘世勇,李亚波,张利,2015,甘西鼠尾草种子粘液吸水特性、红外光谱分析及提取工艺研究.植物科学学报,33(4):572-578)
Wang T.,Wang L.,and Zhang L.,2016,Salvia lagochila sp.nov.(Lamiaceae)from Yunnan,China,Nordic Journal of Botany,34(1):43-47