遵义市犬钩端螺旋体流行病学调查与分析
|
摘要
为了了解遵义市犬钩端螺旋体病流行情况以及人群对钩端螺旋体病的预防意识,采用犬钩端螺旋体抗体ELISA试剂盒对遵义市320份犬血清样品进行钩端螺旋体血清流行病学调查,并通过网络问卷调查对遵义市646名大学生开展有关钩端螺旋体病的社会调查。血清学试验结果显示,犬钩端螺旋体的总阳性率为5.00%(16/320),犬钩端螺旋体病感染在来源、年龄与性别上差异无显著统计学意义(P>0.05);问卷调查结果中33.13%(214/646)的受访者认为钩端螺旋体病能通过动物传染给人,有45.67%(295/646)的受访者曾经被犬抓伤或者咬伤过,56.35%(364/646)的受访者认为被犬咬伤或抓伤后应立即采用肥皂水或清水彻底冲洗伤口。研究表明遵义市犬钩端螺旋体阳性率较高,并且人群对钩端螺旋体病防范意识不足,存在较大的流行风险。
The objective of this study was to better understand the prevalence of Leptospira canis and prevent leptospirosis in Zunyi area.The investigation included serological examination of L. canis antibodies by ELISA kit and questionnaires with 646 college students.Serological testing showed that the total positive rate of L. canis antibodies was 5%(16/320). The survey of leptospirosis infection did not show significant(P>0.05) differences in the origin, age and sex of student respondents. In addition, 33.13%(214/646) of respondents believed that leptospirosis would infect people through animals and 45.67%(295/646) of respondents had been scratched or bitten by dogs and 56.35%(364/646) of the respondents believed that wounds should be immediately washed with soapy water or water after being bitten or scratched by dogse. The results indicated that the positive rate of canine leptospirosis was high in Zunyi area and human beings needed to increase awareness of leptospirosis.
The objective of this study was to better understand the prevalence of Leptospira canis and prevent leptospirosis in Zunyi area.The investigation included serological examination of L. canis antibodies by ELISA kit and questionnaires with 646 college students.Serological testing showed that the total positive rate of L. canis antibodies was 5%(16/320). The survey of leptospirosis infection did not show significant(P>0.05) differences in the origin, age and sex of student respondents. In addition, 33.13%(214/646) of respondents believed that leptospirosis would infect people through animals and 45.67%(295/646) of respondents had been scratched or bitten by dogs and 56.35%(364/646) of the respondents believed that wounds should be immediately washed with soapy water or water after being bitten or scratched by dogse. The results indicated that the positive rate of canine leptospirosis was high in Zunyi area and human beings needed to increase awareness of leptospirosis.
引文
[1]Heymann D L.Control of communicable diseases manual[M].19th ed.Washington,DC:American Public Health Association,2008.
[2]Bharti A R,Nally J E,Ricaldi J N,et al.Leptospirosis:a zoonotic disease of global importance[J].Lancet Infect Dis,2003,3(12):757-771.
[3]顾坚未,蒋秀高,郭晓奎.我国钩端螺旋体血清型及其更迭[J].中华医学实践杂志,2005,4(1):22-23,封三.
[4]刘英,陈峥宏,李世军,等.贵州省2010-2014年钩端螺旋体病流行特征分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2016,32(11):1034-1038.
[5]齐海霞,张海云,邓小雨,等.犬、猫钩端螺旋体病的流行病学调查[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(11):203-206.
[6]肖啸,杨林富,杨继生,等.犬钩端螺旋体病的防制[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008,35(8):102-103.
[7]刘波,丁凡,蒋秀高,等.2006~2010年中国钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(1):46-50.
[8]施旭光,姜理平,孙继民,等.浙江省钩端螺旋体病10年监测结果分析[J].浙江预防医学,2016,28(6):550-552,556.
[9]White A M,Zambrana-Toccelio C,Allen T,et al.Hotspots of canine leptospirosis in the United States of America[J].Vet J,2017,222:29-35.
[10]Gautam R,Guptill L F,Wu C C,et al.Spatial and spatio-temporal clustering of overall and serovarspecific Leptospira microscopic agglutination test(MAT)seropositivity among dogs in the United States from 2000through 2007[J].Prev Vet Med,2010,96(1-2):122-131.
[11]谢四化,龙昱凤.2006-2009年上高县钩端螺旋体宿主动物带菌调查分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(8):822-823.
[12]Koizumi N,Muto M M,Akachi S,et al.Molecular and serological investigation of Leptospira and leptospirosis in dogs in Japan[J].J Med Microbiol,2013,62(Pt 4):630-636.
[13]van de Maele I,Claus A,Haesebrouck F,et al.Leptospirosis in dogs:a review with emphasis on clinical aspects[J].Vet Rec,2008,163(14):409-413.
[2]Bharti A R,Nally J E,Ricaldi J N,et al.Leptospirosis:a zoonotic disease of global importance[J].Lancet Infect Dis,2003,3(12):757-771.
[3]顾坚未,蒋秀高,郭晓奎.我国钩端螺旋体血清型及其更迭[J].中华医学实践杂志,2005,4(1):22-23,封三.
[4]刘英,陈峥宏,李世军,等.贵州省2010-2014年钩端螺旋体病流行特征分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2016,32(11):1034-1038.
[5]齐海霞,张海云,邓小雨,等.犬、猫钩端螺旋体病的流行病学调查[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(11):203-206.
[6]肖啸,杨林富,杨继生,等.犬钩端螺旋体病的防制[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008,35(8):102-103.
[7]刘波,丁凡,蒋秀高,等.2006~2010年中国钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(1):46-50.
[8]施旭光,姜理平,孙继民,等.浙江省钩端螺旋体病10年监测结果分析[J].浙江预防医学,2016,28(6):550-552,556.
[9]White A M,Zambrana-Toccelio C,Allen T,et al.Hotspots of canine leptospirosis in the United States of America[J].Vet J,2017,222:29-35.
[10]Gautam R,Guptill L F,Wu C C,et al.Spatial and spatio-temporal clustering of overall and serovarspecific Leptospira microscopic agglutination test(MAT)seropositivity among dogs in the United States from 2000through 2007[J].Prev Vet Med,2010,96(1-2):122-131.
[11]谢四化,龙昱凤.2006-2009年上高县钩端螺旋体宿主动物带菌调查分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(8):822-823.
[12]Koizumi N,Muto M M,Akachi S,et al.Molecular and serological investigation of Leptospira and leptospirosis in dogs in Japan[J].J Med Microbiol,2013,62(Pt 4):630-636.
[13]van de Maele I,Claus A,Haesebrouck F,et al.Leptospirosis in dogs:a review with emphasis on clinical aspects[J].Vet Rec,2008,163(14):409-413.