基于HEC-HMS模型的温榆河流域水文模拟
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摘要
水文模拟对于流域防洪减灾、水资源规划管理有重要的意义。将分布式水文模型HEC-HMS应用到北京温榆河流域,模拟该区域1980-2005年间6场暴雨洪水过程和1983-1995年日降雨径流过程,评估HEC-HMS模型在模拟场次洪水和日径流过程两种时间尺度上的适用性。结果表明,场次洪水模拟的洪峰流量和洪量相对误差均在20%以内,峰现时差均不超过2h,平均Nash效率系数为0.82,平均相关系数r为0.92;日径流模拟率定期和验证期的平均Nash效率系数为0.6,平均相关系数r为0.78,平均相对误差为3.95%。分析结果表明,HEC-HMS模型在温榆河流域的适用性较好,能够有效模拟北方地区短时和长时降雨径流过程,可用于该区域的洪水预报和水资源评价与管理。
Hydrological simulation is important for flood hazard mitigation and water resources management.In this study,we adopted the distributed hydrological model HEC-HMS to simulate the flood events and daily runoff of the Wenyu River basin in Beijing,China.The model was calibrated and validated with the data of 6 storm events during 1980-2005 and daily stream flow during 1983-1995.The results showed that for all of the 6 floods,the relative errors of peak flow and runoff amount were less than 20%,and the peak time difference was within 2 h.The average Nash efficiency coefficient and average correlation coefficient r were 0.82 and 0.92,respectively.For the daily runoff simulation,the average Nash efficiency coefficient was 0.6,the average correlation coefficient r was 0.78,and the average relative error was 3.95%.Preliminary analysis showed that the HECHMS model applied well to the Wenyu River basin.It can effectively simulate the short-term and long-term rainfall and runoff processes in northern China,and can be used for flood forecast,water resources evaluation and management in this area.
Hydrological simulation is important for flood hazard mitigation and water resources management.In this study,we adopted the distributed hydrological model HEC-HMS to simulate the flood events and daily runoff of the Wenyu River basin in Beijing,China.The model was calibrated and validated with the data of 6 storm events during 1980-2005 and daily stream flow during 1983-1995.The results showed that for all of the 6 floods,the relative errors of peak flow and runoff amount were less than 20%,and the peak time difference was within 2 h.The average Nash efficiency coefficient and average correlation coefficient r were 0.82 and 0.92,respectively.For the daily runoff simulation,the average Nash efficiency coefficient was 0.6,the average correlation coefficient r was 0.78,and the average relative error was 3.95%.Preliminary analysis showed that the HECHMS model applied well to the Wenyu River basin.It can effectively simulate the short-term and long-term rainfall and runoff processes in northern China,and can be used for flood forecast,water resources evaluation and management in this area.
引文
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[11]JIN H,LIANG R,WANG Y,et al.Flood-Runoff in Semi-Arid and Sub-Humid Regions,a case study&58;A simulation of Jianghe Watershed in Northern China[J].Water,2015,7(9):5155-5172.DOI:10.3390/w7095155.
[12]赵永超,王加虎,梁菊平,等.HEC-HMS模型在紫荆关流域水文模拟中的应用[J].水电能源科学,2017(12):10-13.(ZHAO Y C,WANG J H,LIANG J P,et al.Application of HEC-HMS model in hydrological simulation of the Zijinguan Basin[J].Hydroelectric Energy Science,2017(12):10-13.(in Chinese))DOI:1000-7709(2017)12-0010-04.
[13]林木生.东南沿海晋江西溪流域洪水径流演变与模拟分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2015.(LIN M S.Flood Runoff E-volution and Simulation Analysis of Xixi River Basin in Southeast Coast of Jinjiang[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University,2015.(in Chinese))
[14]REN J,ZHENG X,CHEN P,et al.An Investigation into SubBasin Rainfall Losses in different underlying surface conditions using HEC-HMS:A case study of a loess hilly region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China[J].Water,2017,2(1):1-27.DOI:10.3390/w9110870.
[15]ZHANG H L,WANG Y J,WANG Y Q,et al.Quantitative comparison of semi-and fully-distributed hydrologic models in simulating flood hydrographs on a mountain watershed in southwest China[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2013,25(6):877-885.
[16]赵睿.山丘区小流域暴雨洪水分析计算方法应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2015.(ZHAO R.Application of analysis and calculation method for storm flood in small watershed at hill area[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2015.(in Chinese))
[17]胡国华,陈肖,于泽兴,等.基于HEC-HMS的郴江流域山洪预报研究[J].自然灾害学报,2017(3):147-155.(HU G H,CHEN X,YU Z X,et al.Research on mountain flood forecasting in Lancang River Basin based on HEC-HMS[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2017(3):147-155.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13577/j.jnd.2017.0318.
[18]吴建红,朱积军.HEC-HMS模型及其应用比较研究[J].科技创新导报,2010(4):6-7.(WU J H,ZHU J J.Application and comparison of HEC-HMS model[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2010(4):6-7.(in Chinese))
[19]DU J K,LI Q,HAN Y R,et al.Assessing the effects of urbanization on annual runoff and flood events using an integrated hydrological modeling system for Qinhuai River basin,China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,464-465(5):127-139.
[20]郁达伟,于淼,魏源送,等.1980~2010年温榆河的水环境质量时空演变特征[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2803-2813.(YU D W,YU M,WEI Y S,et al.Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of water environmental quality in Wenyu River from 1980to 2010[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2012,32(11):2803-2813.(in Chinese))
[21]唐莉华,张思聪,吕贤弼.温榆河上游流域的洪水模拟及不确定性分析[C]//第二届全国水问题研究学术研讨会论文集,2009:168-174.(TANG L H,ZHANG S C,LV X B.Simulation and uncertainty analysis of flood in upper reaches of Wenyu River[C]//National Water Research Symposium.2009:168-174.(in Chinese))
[22]地理空间数据云[EB/OL]http://www.gscloud.cn.(Geospatial data Cloud[EB/OL]http://www.gscloud.cn.(in Chinese))
[23]张帆,张君友.浅谈反推入库洪水方法[J].治淮,2010(2):24-25.(ZHANG F,ZHANG J Y.Discussion on the method of backstepping?reservoir-inflow[J].Governance Huai River,2010(2):24-25.(in Chinese))
[24]陈昌杰,姜和平.应用Excel软件拟合库容曲线[J].小水电,2002(6):19-20.(CHEN C J,JIANG H P.Application of Excel software to fit reservoir capacity curves[J].Small Hydro Power,2002(6):19-20.(in Chinese))
[25]李向新.HEC-HMS水文建模系统原理·方法·应用[M].中国水利水电出版社,2015.(LI X X.Principles,methods and applications of HEC-HMS hydrological modeling system[M].China Water Power Press,2015.(in Chinese))
[26]邓霞,董晓华,薄会娟.目标函数对HEC-HMS模型参数率定的影响研究[J].水电能源科学,2010,28(8):23-25.(DENGX,DONG X H,BO H J.Influence of objective function on parameter calibration of HEC-HMS model[J].Hydroelectric Energy,2010,28(8):23-25.(in Chinese))
[27]SL 250-2000,水文情报预报规范[S].(SL 250-2000,Specification for hydrological information forecast[S].(in Chinese))
[28]梁睿.HEC-HMS水文模型在北张店流域的应用研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.(LIANG R.Application of HEC-HMShydrological model in the Beizhangdian watershed[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese))
[2]AL-GHAMDI K A,ELZAHRANY R A,MIRZA M N,et al.Impacts of urban growth on flood hazards in Makkah City,Saudi Arabia[J].International Journal of Water Resources&Environmental Engineering,2012,4:23-34.
[3]SHAHID M A,BOCCARDO P,USMAN M,et al.Predicting peak flows in real time through event based hydrologic modeling for a trans-boundary river catchment[J].Water Resources Management,2017,31(3):793-810.DOI:10.1007/s11269-016-1435-2.
[4]MOSTAFAZADEH R,SADODDIN A,BAHREMAND A,et al.Scenario analysis of flood control structures using a multicriteria decision-making technique in Northeast Iran[J].Natural Hazards,2017,87(3):1827-1846.DOI:10.1007/s11069-017-2851-1.
[5]SURIYA S,MUDGAL B V.Impact of urbanization on flooding:The thirusoolam sub watershed-A case study[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,412(1):210-219.
[6]SILVA M M G T D,WEERAKOON S B,HERATH S.Modeling of event and continuous flow hydrographs with HEC-HMS:Case study in the Kelani River Basin,Sri Lanka[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2014,19(4):800-806.DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000846.
[7]ALFY M E.Assessing the impact of arid area urbanization on flash floods using GIS,remote sensing,and HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff modeling[J].Hydrology Research,2016,47(6).DOI:10.2166/nh.2016.133.
[8]ZOPE P E,ELDHO T I,JOTHIPRAKASH V.Impacts of land use-land cover change and urbanization on flooding:A case study of Oshiwara River Basin in Mumbai,India[J].Catena,2016,145:142-154.DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2016.06.009.
[9]OLEYIBLO J O.Application of HEC-HMS for flood forecasting in Misai and Wan′an catchments in China[J].Water Science and Engineering,2010,3(1):14-22.
[10]陈芬,林峰,陈兴伟.采用分布式HEC-HMS水文模型的晋江流域暴雨次洪模拟[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(3):325-329.(CHEN F,LIN F,CHEN X W.Simulation of storm in Jinjiang Basin using HEC-HMS hydrological model[J].Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science),2012,33(3):325-329.(in Chinese))
[11]JIN H,LIANG R,WANG Y,et al.Flood-Runoff in Semi-Arid and Sub-Humid Regions,a case study&58;A simulation of Jianghe Watershed in Northern China[J].Water,2015,7(9):5155-5172.DOI:10.3390/w7095155.
[12]赵永超,王加虎,梁菊平,等.HEC-HMS模型在紫荆关流域水文模拟中的应用[J].水电能源科学,2017(12):10-13.(ZHAO Y C,WANG J H,LIANG J P,et al.Application of HEC-HMS model in hydrological simulation of the Zijinguan Basin[J].Hydroelectric Energy Science,2017(12):10-13.(in Chinese))DOI:1000-7709(2017)12-0010-04.
[13]林木生.东南沿海晋江西溪流域洪水径流演变与模拟分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2015.(LIN M S.Flood Runoff E-volution and Simulation Analysis of Xixi River Basin in Southeast Coast of Jinjiang[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University,2015.(in Chinese))
[14]REN J,ZHENG X,CHEN P,et al.An Investigation into SubBasin Rainfall Losses in different underlying surface conditions using HEC-HMS:A case study of a loess hilly region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China[J].Water,2017,2(1):1-27.DOI:10.3390/w9110870.
[15]ZHANG H L,WANG Y J,WANG Y Q,et al.Quantitative comparison of semi-and fully-distributed hydrologic models in simulating flood hydrographs on a mountain watershed in southwest China[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2013,25(6):877-885.
[16]赵睿.山丘区小流域暴雨洪水分析计算方法应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2015.(ZHAO R.Application of analysis and calculation method for storm flood in small watershed at hill area[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2015.(in Chinese))
[17]胡国华,陈肖,于泽兴,等.基于HEC-HMS的郴江流域山洪预报研究[J].自然灾害学报,2017(3):147-155.(HU G H,CHEN X,YU Z X,et al.Research on mountain flood forecasting in Lancang River Basin based on HEC-HMS[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2017(3):147-155.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13577/j.jnd.2017.0318.
[18]吴建红,朱积军.HEC-HMS模型及其应用比较研究[J].科技创新导报,2010(4):6-7.(WU J H,ZHU J J.Application and comparison of HEC-HMS model[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2010(4):6-7.(in Chinese))
[19]DU J K,LI Q,HAN Y R,et al.Assessing the effects of urbanization on annual runoff and flood events using an integrated hydrological modeling system for Qinhuai River basin,China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,464-465(5):127-139.
[20]郁达伟,于淼,魏源送,等.1980~2010年温榆河的水环境质量时空演变特征[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2803-2813.(YU D W,YU M,WEI Y S,et al.Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of water environmental quality in Wenyu River from 1980to 2010[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2012,32(11):2803-2813.(in Chinese))
[21]唐莉华,张思聪,吕贤弼.温榆河上游流域的洪水模拟及不确定性分析[C]//第二届全国水问题研究学术研讨会论文集,2009:168-174.(TANG L H,ZHANG S C,LV X B.Simulation and uncertainty analysis of flood in upper reaches of Wenyu River[C]//National Water Research Symposium.2009:168-174.(in Chinese))
[22]地理空间数据云[EB/OL]http://www.gscloud.cn.(Geospatial data Cloud[EB/OL]http://www.gscloud.cn.(in Chinese))
[23]张帆,张君友.浅谈反推入库洪水方法[J].治淮,2010(2):24-25.(ZHANG F,ZHANG J Y.Discussion on the method of backstepping?reservoir-inflow[J].Governance Huai River,2010(2):24-25.(in Chinese))
[24]陈昌杰,姜和平.应用Excel软件拟合库容曲线[J].小水电,2002(6):19-20.(CHEN C J,JIANG H P.Application of Excel software to fit reservoir capacity curves[J].Small Hydro Power,2002(6):19-20.(in Chinese))
[25]李向新.HEC-HMS水文建模系统原理·方法·应用[M].中国水利水电出版社,2015.(LI X X.Principles,methods and applications of HEC-HMS hydrological modeling system[M].China Water Power Press,2015.(in Chinese))
[26]邓霞,董晓华,薄会娟.目标函数对HEC-HMS模型参数率定的影响研究[J].水电能源科学,2010,28(8):23-25.(DENGX,DONG X H,BO H J.Influence of objective function on parameter calibration of HEC-HMS model[J].Hydroelectric Energy,2010,28(8):23-25.(in Chinese))
[27]SL 250-2000,水文情报预报规范[S].(SL 250-2000,Specification for hydrological information forecast[S].(in Chinese))
[28]梁睿.HEC-HMS水文模型在北张店流域的应用研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.(LIANG R.Application of HEC-HMShydrological model in the Beizhangdian watershed[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese))
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