当归干燥加工的历史沿革
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摘要
当归是中医临床常用的补血药和妇科要药,属中药大品种,以甘肃为道地产区。该文通过考证古今本草文献,理清了当归的干燥加工历史沿革规律。结果表明干燥加工是影响当归药性与品质的关键环节,是当归道地属性的重要体现。当归干燥历史可追溯至《神农本草经》,由最早的阴干逐渐过渡到日干、曝干、火干、焙干、熏干、晒干等,2015年版《中国药典》规定当归干燥方法为"烟火熏干",传统干燥加工方法已不能满足产地加工需求。近年来对当归干燥新方法和干燥对当归的品质影响研究较多。
Angelicae sinensis Radix( ASR) is a commonly used medicinal material in Chinese medicine,widely used in clinical practice of Chinese medicine,Gansu province is the genuine production area of ASR. This paper studies the evolution law of drying method of ASR,the results showed that drying process was the key affection of the medicinal properties and quality of ASR,and it was an important reflection of the authentic properties of ASR. The drying history of ASR has gradually changed from the earliest shade drying to various drying methods. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that the drying method of ASR is"fumigation drying",and the traditional drying method can not meet the processing needs of the origin. In recent years,the new drying methods and drying effects on the quality of ASR are more.
Angelicae sinensis Radix( ASR) is a commonly used medicinal material in Chinese medicine,widely used in clinical practice of Chinese medicine,Gansu province is the genuine production area of ASR. This paper studies the evolution law of drying method of ASR,the results showed that drying process was the key affection of the medicinal properties and quality of ASR,and it was an important reflection of the authentic properties of ASR. The drying history of ASR has gradually changed from the earliest shade drying to various drying methods. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that the drying method of ASR is"fumigation drying",and the traditional drying method can not meet the processing needs of the origin. In recent years,the new drying methods and drying effects on the quality of ASR are more.
引文
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[32]牛兴民.定西中药材[M].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,2010:63.
[33]赵汝能.甘肃中草药资源志[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,2004:911.
[34]宋平顺,丁永辉,杨平荣.甘肃道地药材志[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,2016:124.
[35]中国药典.一部[S].2015:133.
[36]朱文学.中药材干燥原理与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007:11.
[37]李成义,祝永甲,王明伟,等.不同干燥方法对当归质量影响研究[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2013,30(5):21.
[38]唐文文,李国琴,晋小军.不同干燥方法对当归挥发油成分的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(3):9.
[39]钱怡云.采收加工贮藏方法对当归药材质量的影响及其定量分析模式研究[D].兰州:甘肃中医学院,2014.
[40]常瑞虎.基于太阳能热泵的当归干燥室设计及仿真分析[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2017.
[41]段素敏,孔铭,李秀杨,等.当归药材热风-微波联合干燥方法研究[J].中草药,2016,47(19):3415.
[42]朱邵晴,郭盛,钱大玮,等.基于多元功效成分的当归药材产地现代干燥加工方法研究[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(2):364.
[43]Bai Y J,Kong M,Xu J D,et al.Effect of different drying methods on the quality of Angelicae Sinensis Radix evaluated through simultaneously determining four types of major bioactive components by high performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detector and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].J Pharmaceut Biomed,2014,94(6):77.
[44]沙秀秀,朱邵晴,段金廒,等.基于Weibull分布函数的当归干燥过程模拟及其动力学研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(11):2117.
[45]蔺海明,邱黛玉.不同干燥温度对当归挥发油和醇溶性浸出物含量的影响[C].北京:中华中医药学会第十届中药材鉴定方法和技术研讨会,2010.
[46]吕洁丽,陈红丽,段金廒,等.不同加工方法对当归多糖的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(7):846.
[47]Zhu S,Guo S,Duan J A.UHPLC-TQ-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis to characterize nucleosides,nucleobases and amino acids in angelicae sinensis radix obtained by different drying methods[J].Molecules,2017,22(6):1.
[48]Cao G,Cai H,Lou Y,et al.Analysis of the influence of sulfur-fumigation on the volatile components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-offlight mass spectrometry[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,10(39):304.
[49]Lou Y,Cai H,Liu X,et al.Multi-component analysis in sundried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix by single marker quantitation and chemometric discrimination[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,10(1):189.
[50]靳子明,窦霞,史巧霞,等.不同初加工方法对岷当归质量的影响[J].甘肃中医药大学学报,2016(4):36.
[2]马继兴,谢海洲,尚志钧,等.神农本草经辑注[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:146.
[3]吴普.吴普本草[M].尚志钧,梁茂新,尤荣辑,等辑校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1987:32.
[4]陶弘景.名医别录[M].尚志钧辑校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986:22.
[5]孙思邈.千金翼方[M].焦振廉等校注.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2011:31.
[6]唐慎微.重修政和经史证类备用本草[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1957:199.
[7]寇宗奭.本草衍义[M].颜正华点校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:57.
[8]王好古.汤液本草[M].竹剑平校注.北京:中国中医药出版社,2008:57.
[9]刘文泰.御制本草品汇精要[M].陈寿仁,杭爱武点校.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:307.
[10]陈嘉谟.本草蒙荃[M].薛京花,牛春来,李东燕,等点校.太原:山西科学技术出版社,2015:27.
[11]李时珍.本草纲目[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:833.
[12]兰茂.滇南本草[M].滇南本草整理组整理.昆明:云南人民出版社,1977:167.
[13]倪朱谟.本草汇言[M].戴慎,陈寿仁,虞舜点校.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:128.
[14]卢之颐.本草乘雅半偈[M].冷方南,王齐南点校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986:242.
[15]汪昂.本草备要[M].3版.余力,陈赞育校注.北京:中国中医药出版社,2008:51.
[16]凌奂.本草害利[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,1982:4.
[17]黄宫绣.本草求真[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979:6.
[18]杨时泰.本草述钩元释义[M].黄雄,崔晓艳释义.太原:山西科学技术出版社,2009:210.
[19]刘若金.本草述校注[M].郑怀林,张琳叶,焦振廉,等校注.北京:中医古籍出版社,2005:171.
[20]张璐.本经逢原[M].赵小青校注.北京:中国中医药出版社,1996:56.
[21]邹澍.本经疏证[M].武国忠点校.海口:海南出版社,2011:144.
[22]汪讱庵.本草易读[M].吕光振点校.北京:人民卫生出版社,1987:150.
[23]叶桔泉.本草钩沉[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1988:153.
[24]谢宗万.全国中草药汇编[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,1996:362.
[25]中华本草编委会.中华本草.第5卷[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999:893.
[26]肖培根.新编中药志[M].北京:化工工业出版社,2002:425.
[27]徐国钧,徐珞珊,何宏贤.中国药材学[M].北京:中国中医药科技出版社,1996:333.
[28]中国药品生物制品检定所.中药材手册[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:107.
[29]中国医学科学院药物研究所.中药现代研究[M].北京:中国医科大学出版社,1996:2.
[30]阴健,郭立弓.中药现代研究与临床应用Ⅰ[M].北京:学苑出版社,1994:285.
[31]岷县志编撰委员会.岷县志[M].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,1995:231.
[32]牛兴民.定西中药材[M].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,2010:63.
[33]赵汝能.甘肃中草药资源志[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,2004:911.
[34]宋平顺,丁永辉,杨平荣.甘肃道地药材志[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,2016:124.
[35]中国药典.一部[S].2015:133.
[36]朱文学.中药材干燥原理与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007:11.
[37]李成义,祝永甲,王明伟,等.不同干燥方法对当归质量影响研究[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2013,30(5):21.
[38]唐文文,李国琴,晋小军.不同干燥方法对当归挥发油成分的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(3):9.
[39]钱怡云.采收加工贮藏方法对当归药材质量的影响及其定量分析模式研究[D].兰州:甘肃中医学院,2014.
[40]常瑞虎.基于太阳能热泵的当归干燥室设计及仿真分析[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2017.
[41]段素敏,孔铭,李秀杨,等.当归药材热风-微波联合干燥方法研究[J].中草药,2016,47(19):3415.
[42]朱邵晴,郭盛,钱大玮,等.基于多元功效成分的当归药材产地现代干燥加工方法研究[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(2):364.
[43]Bai Y J,Kong M,Xu J D,et al.Effect of different drying methods on the quality of Angelicae Sinensis Radix evaluated through simultaneously determining four types of major bioactive components by high performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detector and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].J Pharmaceut Biomed,2014,94(6):77.
[44]沙秀秀,朱邵晴,段金廒,等.基于Weibull分布函数的当归干燥过程模拟及其动力学研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(11):2117.
[45]蔺海明,邱黛玉.不同干燥温度对当归挥发油和醇溶性浸出物含量的影响[C].北京:中华中医药学会第十届中药材鉴定方法和技术研讨会,2010.
[46]吕洁丽,陈红丽,段金廒,等.不同加工方法对当归多糖的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(7):846.
[47]Zhu S,Guo S,Duan J A.UHPLC-TQ-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis to characterize nucleosides,nucleobases and amino acids in angelicae sinensis radix obtained by different drying methods[J].Molecules,2017,22(6):1.
[48]Cao G,Cai H,Lou Y,et al.Analysis of the influence of sulfur-fumigation on the volatile components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-offlight mass spectrometry[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,10(39):304.
[49]Lou Y,Cai H,Liu X,et al.Multi-component analysis in sundried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix by single marker quantitation and chemometric discrimination[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,10(1):189.
[50]靳子明,窦霞,史巧霞,等.不同初加工方法对岷当归质量的影响[J].甘肃中医药大学学报,2016(4):36.