大规模MIMO系统中低复杂度的码本搜索方法
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摘要
大规模MIMO系统中的预编码技术是5G网络中的关键技术之一。针对大规模MIMO通信系统中旋转离散傅里叶变换(DFT)码本的用户端码字搜索问题,提出了一种低复杂度的码本搜索方法。该方法根据旋转DFT码本相同列的弦距离最小,且弦距离越小的预编码向量其相关性越强的特点,将所有水平维码本和垂直维码本分别进行分组,得到信道增益最大的水平维最优码字和垂直维最优码字,以构成3D预编码码本。仿真结果表明所提出的搜索方法在保证了系统性能的同时显著降低了搜索复杂度,并且随着天线数目的增加优势更加明显。
In Massive MIMO systems for 5G networks,precoding technology is one of the key technologies.Aiming at user side codebook search method of the discrete Fourier transform(DFT) rotation codebook,a low complexity search algorithm was proposed.In this algorithm,all horizontal and vertical codebooks were grouped separately according to the characteristics that the precoding vectors with the same column of DFT rotation codebooks had the smallest chordal distance and the smaller chordal distance have the stronger correlation,and then the optimal horizontal and vertical codewords with maximum channel gain were obtained to form 3D precoding code-books.The simulation results indicate that the searching complexity of the proposed method is significantly reduced under conditions of insuring the system performance,moreover,this advantage becomes greater with the number of antennas increasing.
In Massive MIMO systems for 5G networks,precoding technology is one of the key technologies.Aiming at user side codebook search method of the discrete Fourier transform(DFT) rotation codebook,a low complexity search algorithm was proposed.In this algorithm,all horizontal and vertical codebooks were grouped separately according to the characteristics that the precoding vectors with the same column of DFT rotation codebooks had the smallest chordal distance and the smaller chordal distance have the stronger correlation,and then the optimal horizontal and vertical codewords with maximum channel gain were obtained to form 3D precoding code-books.The simulation results indicate that the searching complexity of the proposed method is significantly reduced under conditions of insuring the system performance,moreover,this advantage becomes greater with the number of antennas increasing.
引文
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[5]KAWANISHI T,KANNO A,FREIRE H S C.Wired and Wireless Links to Bridge Networks:Seamlessly Connecting Radio and Optical Technologies for 5G Networks[J].IEEE Microwave Magazine,2018,19(3):102-111.
[6]ZHOU J,JIANG H,KIKUCHI K.Generalised three-dimensional scattering channel model and its effects on compact multiple-input and multiple-output antenna receiving systems[J].IET Communications,2015,9(18):2177-2187.
[7]GUI G,LIU N,XU L,et al.Low-complexity large-scale multiple-input multiple-output channel estimation using affine combination of sparse least mean square filters[J].IET Communications,2015,9(17):2168-2175.
[8]GHOSH C K.A compact 4-channel microstrip MIMO antenna with reduced mutual coupling[J].AEUE-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2016,70(7):873-879.
[9]HU Z,LIU R K,KANG S L,et al.Linear Precoding in Large Scale MIMO under 3D Channel Model[C]//International Conference on Communications and NETWORKING in China.2015:427-431.
[10]LINDE Y,BUZO A,GRAY R.An algorithm for vector quantizer design[J].IEEE Trans Commun,1980,28(1):84-95.
[11]LOVE D J,HEATH R W.Limited feedback unitary precoding for spatial multiplexing systems[J].IEEE Trans.inf.theory,2005,51(8):2967-2976.
[12]INOUE T,JR R W H.Kerdock codes for limited feedback precoded MIMO systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2009,57(9):3711-3716.
[13]XIONG Z,KRISHNA R,CUMANAN K,et al.Grassmannian beamforming and null space broadcasting protocols for cognitive radio networks[J].IET Signal Processing,2011,5(5):451-460.
[14]STEWART G W.Preface:A.S.Householder.[J].Linear Algebra&Its Applications,1979:1-3.
[15]CLERCKX B,KIM G,KIM S.Correlated Fading in Broadcast MIMOChannels:Curse or Blessing?[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference,2008.IEEE GLOBECOM.2008:1-5.
[16]SU X,ZENG J,LI J Y.Limited feedback precoding for massive MI-MO[J].International Journal of Antennas and Propagation,2013:1-9.
[17]LI J Y,SU X,ZENG J,et al.Codebook design for uniform rectangular arrays of massive antennas[C]//Vehicular Technology Conference.2013:1-5.
[18]LI X B,WU X W,JING X R.Massive MIMO codebook design based on BD-DFT extension[J].Video Engineering,2015,39(15):83-87.
[19]XIE Y B,GE J H,HU M.A low-complexity cyclic shift codebook design for massive MIMO[C]//International Conference on Wireless Communications,NETWORKING and Mobile Computing.2014:73-77.
[20]ZHANG Y,ZHOU Z,JIA Y,et al.Efficient codeword search algorithm for limited feedback MIMO beamforming systems[C]//International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies.2013:6-9.
[21]LIN Y H,ZHAN C Z,CHU C Y,et al.A low-complexity grouping fft-based codebook searching algorithm in LTE system[C]//Signal Processing Systems.2013:161-166.
[22]LIN Y H,CHEN Y H,CHU C Y,et al.Dual-mode low-complexity codebook searching algorithm and VLSI architecture for LTE/LTE-advanced systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,61(14):3545-3562.
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[24]吕磊,张忠培.基于子空间距离的低复杂度码字搜索方法[J].电子与信息学报,2011,33(12):2990-2994.LYU L,ZHANG Z P.Low complexity codeword search method based on subspace distance[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2011,33(12):2990-2994.
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[26]AHMED Y N,FAHMY Y.On the complexity reduction of codebook search in FDD massive MIMO using hierarchical search[C]//International Conference on Innovative Trends in Computer Engineering.2018:175-179.
[27]LIU L,JING X R,WU X W.Feedback overhead reduction method for3D MIMO precoding systems[C]//International Conference on Communications and NETWORKING in China.IEEE,2014:457-461.
[28]SAMSUNG.Performance of precoded single user MIMO with LMMSE receiver[R].3GPP,2007.
[29]MEDRA A,DAVIDSON T N.Flexible codebook design for limited feedback systems via sequential smooth optimization on the grassmannian manifold[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(5):1305-1318.
[30]KY?STI P,MEINI L?,HENTI L?L,et al.IST-4-027756:WINNERII D1.1.2 V1.2 WINNER II Channel Models[R].Information Society Technologies,2007.
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