国际星载激光大气测量载荷工程进展概述
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摘要
激光探测技术以其高精度、全天时主动观测、无需地面控制点等优势,改变了传统的遥感观测方式,作为主动或主被动结合的新型遥感手段,丰富了遥感信息,有力地推动了激光大气探测的发展。近年来,随着激光、光学机械加工等技术的发展,大气探测激光雷达的平台也从固定地基式,发展为可移动车载、船载、机载和星载平台。目前,星载大气探测激光雷达主要应用于气溶胶(可悬浮颗粒物)和云的测量、水汽、CO_2以及其他污染气体等大气成分测量,以及全球风场(大气动力学行为)的测量。本文分别对这些典型的星载激光大气测量卫星的系统组成、技术参数和应用领域,进行深入剖析,总结星载激光大气测量卫星亟待突破的关键技术,对其发展趋势和进一步的应用前景进行展望。
The laser detection technology has changed the traditional remote sensing observation with its high precision,active observation throughout the day, but without ground control points. As a new remote sensing method combining active or active-passive, it enriches the remote sensing information and strongly promotes the development of LiDAR for atmospheric detection. In recent years, in the technological development such as laser and optical machining techniques, the platforms of atmospheric detection LiDAR have also evolved from the fixed ground-based to the mobile in-vehicle, ship-borne, airborne and space-borne platforms. At present, the space-borne LiDAR for atmosphere is mainly used for the measurement of aerosol(suspended particulate)and cloud, the atmospheric composition such as water vapor, CO_2 and other polluted gas, and the global wind field(the dynamic behavior of atmosphere).The paper analyses the system compositions, technical parameters and application fields of the typical LiDAR satellites for atmospheric measurement. It also summarizes the key technology of spaceborne LiDAR to be overcome, and looks forward to the development and application prospects of LiDAR.
The laser detection technology has changed the traditional remote sensing observation with its high precision,active observation throughout the day, but without ground control points. As a new remote sensing method combining active or active-passive, it enriches the remote sensing information and strongly promotes the development of LiDAR for atmospheric detection. In recent years, in the technological development such as laser and optical machining techniques, the platforms of atmospheric detection LiDAR have also evolved from the fixed ground-based to the mobile in-vehicle, ship-borne, airborne and space-borne platforms. At present, the space-borne LiDAR for atmosphere is mainly used for the measurement of aerosol(suspended particulate)and cloud, the atmospheric composition such as water vapor, CO_2 and other polluted gas, and the global wind field(the dynamic behavior of atmosphere).The paper analyses the system compositions, technical parameters and application fields of the typical LiDAR satellites for atmospheric measurement. It also summarizes the key technology of spaceborne LiDAR to be overcome, and looks forward to the development and application prospects of LiDAR.
引文
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[2]陈士英,张平贵,卢俊平.激光雷达技术及其在大气环境监测中的应用[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2010(2):85-86,91.
[3]严卫,张日伟,代登坡,等.激光大气传输特性及其回波信号仿真研究[J].电波科学学报,2012(3):142-149.
[4]刘刚,史伟哲,尤睿.美国云和气溶胶星载激光雷达综述[J].航天器工程,2008,17(1):78-84.
[5]DAVID M WINKER,MARK A VAUGHAN,ALI OMAR,et al.Overview of the CALIPSO mission and CALIOP data processing algorithms[J].Journal of Atmospheric&Oceanic Technology,2009,26(11):2310-2323.
[6]WINKER D M W HUNT H,C HOSTETLER A.Status and performance of the CALIOP lidar[J].Proceeding of SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering,2004,5575:8-15.
[7]POOLE L R,WINKER D M,PELON J R,et al.CALIPSO:global aerosol and cloud observations from lidar and passive instruments[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2003,481.
[8]刘毅,吕达仁,陈洪滨,等.卫星遥感大气CO2的技术与方法进展综述[J].遥感技术与应用,2011,26(2):247-254.
[9]JONES C,HYON J,ANDERSON K,et al.Active sensing of CO2emissions over nights,days and seasons(ASCENDS)mission studies[C]//AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts,2012.
[10]MCKAY J A,REES D.Space-based Doppler wind lidar:Modeling of edge detection and fringe imaging Doppler analyzers[J].Advances in Space Research,2000,26(6):883-891.
[11]周润松.国外天基激光遥感发展研究(下)[J].国际太空,2007,8:28-33.
[12]李黄,郭金家.星载激光多普勒测风雷达发展研究[C].中国气象学会,2006:466-484.
[13]TOSHIKAZU ITABE,KOHEI MIZUTANI,MITSUO ISHIZU,et al.ISS/JEM-borne coherent Doppler lidar program to measure the wind from space[J].Lidar Remote Sensing for Industry and Environment Monitoring,2001:412-419.
[14]TAB T,MIZUTANI K,ISHIZU M,et al.Development of ISS/JEM-borne coherent Doppler lidar[C]//Conference on Lasers&Electro-optics.2001.
[15]EMMITT G D.Combining direct and coherent detection for Doppler wind lidar[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2004,5575:31-37.
[16]ESA.ADM-Aeolus science report[R].ESA.Rep.SP-1311,ESA Publication Division,ESTEC,Noordwijk.2008.
[17]ESA.ESA’s wind mission[R].BR-236,ESA Publication Division,ESTEC,Noordwijk.2005.
[18]ORCHARDSON R,WHITTERS C J.Effect of HeNe and pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation on intradental nerve responses to mechanical stimulation of dentine[J].Lasers in Surgery&Medicine,2015,26(3):241-249.
[19]MARTIN E,PAUL I,HERBERT N.The Wind Lidar Mission ADM-Aeolus.recent science activities and status of instrument development[EB/OL].[2019-03-02].https://docplayer.net/7111409-The-wind-lidar-mission-adm-aeolus-recent-science-activities-and-status-of-instrument-development.html
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