针灸和中药治疗近视的研究进展
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摘要
我国为近视发生的大国,20～24岁年龄当中,有1. 28亿的近视患者,近五分之一为高度近视。西医对近视的治疗以佩戴框架眼镜、角膜接触镜和屈光手术为主,改变患者的屈光状态,对患者视力的提高具有较好的效果。但对于患者眼轴的增长、裸眼视力下降和眼底病变无改善作用。祖国传统医学以整体观和辨证论治为指导原则,对近视的发病机制有独到见解,治疗方法多采用辨证用药、针灸、理疗等方法,预防和治疗近视取得了显著效果。文章从中医针灸和中药学对近视的治疗进展进行综述说明。
China is a big country with myopia. Among 20-24 years of age,there are 128 million myopic patients and nearly one fifth of them are highly myopic. According to western medicine,the treatment of myopia is to wear glasses,contact lenses and refractive surgery,changing the patients' refractive status of patients,with improved vision has a good effect. But they is no improvement for the growth of the patients' axial length,uncorrected visual acuity and ocular lesions. Traditional Chinese medicine takes the holistic view and syndrome differentiation as the guiding principle,and has unique insight into the pathogenesis of myopia. Many methods of treatment,such as syndrome differentiation,acupuncture and physiotherapy are used to prevent and treat myopia. This article summarizes the progress of treatment of myopia by acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine.
China is a big country with myopia. Among 20-24 years of age,there are 128 million myopic patients and nearly one fifth of them are highly myopic. According to western medicine,the treatment of myopia is to wear glasses,contact lenses and refractive surgery,changing the patients' refractive status of patients,with improved vision has a good effect. But they is no improvement for the growth of the patients' axial length,uncorrected visual acuity and ocular lesions. Traditional Chinese medicine takes the holistic view and syndrome differentiation as the guiding principle,and has unique insight into the pathogenesis of myopia. Many methods of treatment,such as syndrome differentiation,acupuncture and physiotherapy are used to prevent and treat myopia. This article summarizes the progress of treatment of myopia by acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine.
引文
[1]谢红莉,谢作揩,叶景,等.我国青少年近视现患率及相关因素分析[J].中华医学杂志,2010,90(7):15-15.
[2]王琦. 9种基本中医体质类型的分类及其诊断表述依据[J].北京中医药大学学报,2005,28(4):1-8.
[3]张辽.近视患者中医体质研究[D].济南:山东中医药大学,2011.
[4]莫亚,殷庆瑞,段俊国,等.病理性近视与中医体质相关性的初步探析[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2014,24(5):317-321.
[5]朱燕波,王琦,薛禾生,等.中医体质量表性能的初步评价[J].中国临床康复,2006,10(3):15-17.
[6]莫亚,肖西立,何叶红,等.高度近视患者中医证候与年龄、视野的相关性研究[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2012,22(6):406-408.
[7]杨寅,陈迪,梁远波,等. 299例北京市中小学生中医体质类型与近视关系的Logistic回归分析[J].云南中医学院学报,2013,36(6):63-66.
[8]李炜弘,雍小嘉,范怀昌,等.老龄肾阳虚证的差异表达基因谱分析[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(5):1210-1212.
[9]曾跃琴,李炜弘,张天娥,等.肾阳虚证免疫相关基因CPG岛调控机制研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(6):1515-1517.
[10]潘承政,韦衮政. Na+-K+-ATP酶活性与阳虚证的内在联系探讨[J].环球中医药,2013,6(11):851-853.
[11]周艳艳,郭煜晖,周安方,等.肾脾阳虚对实验大鼠脑组织Klotho基因表达的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(12):3060-3063.
[12]丛培玮,尚冰,王蕊芳,等.脾阴虚模型大鼠氧自由基损伤实验研究[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2013,15(6):66-67.
[13]尚冰,丛培玮,史冰洁,等.脾阴虚大鼠氧自由基及端粒长度随机平行对照研究[J].实用中医内科杂志,2013,27(2):74-76.
[14]刘薇.王不留行籽耳穴贴压治疗青少年近视70例[J].河南中医,2012,32(8):1030-1031.
[15]罗向霞,张黎,刘永红,等.中医综合疗法治疗青少年轻度近视近期疗效观察[J].西部中医药,2012,25(5):90-91.
[16]朱海,梁先军,何锦贤,等.磁贴压耳穴治疗青少年轻度近视的临床观察[J].临床医学工程,2011,18(3):416-417.
[17]杨蓉,曾流芝,茅敏.砭石结合耳压治疗青少年中度近视临床研究[J].中医学报,2015,30(3):457-459.
[18]邢家铭,彭晓云,张星华,等.针刺光明穴对近视患者视力及图形诱发电位(P-VEP)的影响[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2015,25(3):169-172.
[19]柴芳芳.针刺配合梅花针治疗青少年假性近视疗效分析[J].亚太传统医药,2016,12(3):103-104.
[20]宗友俊,李大奇,许清娟,等.中西医结合治疗青少年假性近视200例[J].中国民间疗法,2014,22(11):66-66.
[21]张守康,邓晓辉,张丽霞,等.电梅花针治疗青少年近视多中心临床观察[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2011,21(2):74-77.
[22]徐云频.中药方剂治疗成年迟发性近视的临床疗效分析[J].中国医药指南,2015,13(34):183-184.
[23]唐鸥,王和文,吴子镜,等.疏肝明目汤治疗青少年轻中度近视100例疗效观察[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2012,29(1):39-40.
[24]丁美华,沙芳,吴建峰,等.肾阳虚体质对负透镜诱导豚鼠眼球生物参数及后极部巩膜厚度的影响[J].眼科新进展,2015,35(5):416-418.
[25]沙芳,丁美华,叶翔,等.电针对透镜诱导性近视豚鼠闪光视网膜电图的影响[J].眼科新进展,2015,35(2):104-108.
[26]吴知凡.鍉针点穴结合穴位敷贴和视力训练治疗近视的临床和实验研究[D].广州:广东中医药大学,2016.
[27]杨婷,莫亚,陈莉苹,等.补虚化瘀法对豚鼠形觉剥夺性近视模型多焦视网膜电图的影响[J].环球中医药,2016,9(1):15-20.
[28]曹斌,莫亚,王毅,等.中药补精益视片对豚鼠形觉剥夺性近视视网膜Bcl-2及Caspase-3表达的影响[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2015,25(3):156-162.
[2]王琦. 9种基本中医体质类型的分类及其诊断表述依据[J].北京中医药大学学报,2005,28(4):1-8.
[3]张辽.近视患者中医体质研究[D].济南:山东中医药大学,2011.
[4]莫亚,殷庆瑞,段俊国,等.病理性近视与中医体质相关性的初步探析[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2014,24(5):317-321.
[5]朱燕波,王琦,薛禾生,等.中医体质量表性能的初步评价[J].中国临床康复,2006,10(3):15-17.
[6]莫亚,肖西立,何叶红,等.高度近视患者中医证候与年龄、视野的相关性研究[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2012,22(6):406-408.
[7]杨寅,陈迪,梁远波,等. 299例北京市中小学生中医体质类型与近视关系的Logistic回归分析[J].云南中医学院学报,2013,36(6):63-66.
[8]李炜弘,雍小嘉,范怀昌,等.老龄肾阳虚证的差异表达基因谱分析[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(5):1210-1212.
[9]曾跃琴,李炜弘,张天娥,等.肾阳虚证免疫相关基因CPG岛调控机制研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(6):1515-1517.
[10]潘承政,韦衮政. Na+-K+-ATP酶活性与阳虚证的内在联系探讨[J].环球中医药,2013,6(11):851-853.
[11]周艳艳,郭煜晖,周安方,等.肾脾阳虚对实验大鼠脑组织Klotho基因表达的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(12):3060-3063.
[12]丛培玮,尚冰,王蕊芳,等.脾阴虚模型大鼠氧自由基损伤实验研究[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2013,15(6):66-67.
[13]尚冰,丛培玮,史冰洁,等.脾阴虚大鼠氧自由基及端粒长度随机平行对照研究[J].实用中医内科杂志,2013,27(2):74-76.
[14]刘薇.王不留行籽耳穴贴压治疗青少年近视70例[J].河南中医,2012,32(8):1030-1031.
[15]罗向霞,张黎,刘永红,等.中医综合疗法治疗青少年轻度近视近期疗效观察[J].西部中医药,2012,25(5):90-91.
[16]朱海,梁先军,何锦贤,等.磁贴压耳穴治疗青少年轻度近视的临床观察[J].临床医学工程,2011,18(3):416-417.
[17]杨蓉,曾流芝,茅敏.砭石结合耳压治疗青少年中度近视临床研究[J].中医学报,2015,30(3):457-459.
[18]邢家铭,彭晓云,张星华,等.针刺光明穴对近视患者视力及图形诱发电位(P-VEP)的影响[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2015,25(3):169-172.
[19]柴芳芳.针刺配合梅花针治疗青少年假性近视疗效分析[J].亚太传统医药,2016,12(3):103-104.
[20]宗友俊,李大奇,许清娟,等.中西医结合治疗青少年假性近视200例[J].中国民间疗法,2014,22(11):66-66.
[21]张守康,邓晓辉,张丽霞,等.电梅花针治疗青少年近视多中心临床观察[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2011,21(2):74-77.
[22]徐云频.中药方剂治疗成年迟发性近视的临床疗效分析[J].中国医药指南,2015,13(34):183-184.
[23]唐鸥,王和文,吴子镜,等.疏肝明目汤治疗青少年轻中度近视100例疗效观察[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2012,29(1):39-40.
[24]丁美华,沙芳,吴建峰,等.肾阳虚体质对负透镜诱导豚鼠眼球生物参数及后极部巩膜厚度的影响[J].眼科新进展,2015,35(5):416-418.
[25]沙芳,丁美华,叶翔,等.电针对透镜诱导性近视豚鼠闪光视网膜电图的影响[J].眼科新进展,2015,35(2):104-108.
[26]吴知凡.鍉针点穴结合穴位敷贴和视力训练治疗近视的临床和实验研究[D].广州:广东中医药大学,2016.
[27]杨婷,莫亚,陈莉苹,等.补虚化瘀法对豚鼠形觉剥夺性近视模型多焦视网膜电图的影响[J].环球中医药,2016,9(1):15-20.
[28]曹斌,莫亚,王毅,等.中药补精益视片对豚鼠形觉剥夺性近视视网膜Bcl-2及Caspase-3表达的影响[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2015,25(3):156-162.