珠江口盆地靖海凹陷始新世海相断陷的地震反射证据探讨
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摘要
结合前人研究成果,对靖海凹陷裂谷期的构造背景进行分析,并运用地震地层学和地震沉积学的方法对始新世文昌组的层序格架样式和大型强振幅砂体的成因进行讨论。研究表明:靖海凹陷与礼地块在始新世时期位置相邻,处于古南海北部的大陆边缘,且靖海凹陷始新世向海的伸展量大于海相沉积的礼乐地块;靖海凹陷始新世断陷层序内部可见与水平面快速上升的视削截反射,这与断陷作用引起的快速海平面上升有关;文昌组底部可解释出沿构造高部位分布的大型沿岸沙坝沉积,这与波浪控制下的砂质碎屑海岸沉积有关。
Multiples Eocene marine rifts are discovered in the southern South China Sea,which distribute around the oceanic crust.Jinghai sag with no drillings and close to oceanic crust,which lies in deepwater area of Pearl River Mouth Basin in the north of South China Sea.Ascertain the deposition properties of rift strata in Jinghai sag is crucial for petroleum exploration.Combined with previous studies,the tectonic setting of Jinghai sag during rift period is analyzed.The original sequence style of Eocene rift strata and lower part of high amplitude sand body have been investigated through the methods of seismic sequence and seismic sedimentology.The results show that Jinghai sag was next to Liyue block during the Eocene and they were situated at the northern margin of proto-South China Sea.In addition,the amount of extension of Jinghai sag boundary faults is larger than the marine deposits of Liyue block.Retrogradational reflections could be seen in Eocene rift sequence,which is the result of the fast relative sea level rise caused by taphrogenesis.Multistage large longshore sandstone bars distributed along structure high at the lower part of Wenchang Formation,which is regarded as the wave domianted littoral neritic depositions of clastic sedimentary coast.
Multiples Eocene marine rifts are discovered in the southern South China Sea,which distribute around the oceanic crust.Jinghai sag with no drillings and close to oceanic crust,which lies in deepwater area of Pearl River Mouth Basin in the north of South China Sea.Ascertain the deposition properties of rift strata in Jinghai sag is crucial for petroleum exploration.Combined with previous studies,the tectonic setting of Jinghai sag during rift period is analyzed.The original sequence style of Eocene rift strata and lower part of high amplitude sand body have been investigated through the methods of seismic sequence and seismic sedimentology.The results show that Jinghai sag was next to Liyue block during the Eocene and they were situated at the northern margin of proto-South China Sea.In addition,the amount of extension of Jinghai sag boundary faults is larger than the marine deposits of Liyue block.Retrogradational reflections could be seen in Eocene rift sequence,which is the result of the fast relative sea level rise caused by taphrogenesis.Multistage large longshore sandstone bars distributed along structure high at the lower part of Wenchang Formation,which is regarded as the wave domianted littoral neritic depositions of clastic sedimentary coast.
引文
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[11]张江阳,孙珍,张素芳.珠江口盆地潮汕拗陷中生代构造变形分析[J].热带海洋学报,2014,33(5):41-49.
[12]丁巍伟,李家彪,黎明碧.南海南部陆缘礼乐盆地新生代的构造-沉积特征及伸展机制:来自NH973-2多道地震测线的证据[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2011,36(5):895-904.
[13]施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(3):11-22.
[14]STRECKER U,STEIDTMANN J R,SMITHSON S B.A conceptual tectonostrtigraphic model for seismic facies migration in fluvial-lacustrine extensional basin[J].AAPG Bull,1999,83(2):43-61.
[15]蒲仁海.断陷湖盆层序地层学的几点进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(4):410-413.
[16]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度-岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(4):25-34.
[17]BROWN A R.Interpretation of three-dimentional seismic data[M].Houston:AAPG Publicitions,1999.
[18]REYNOLDS A D.Dimensions of paralic Sandstone Bodies[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(2):211-229.
[19]SCHOLZ C A.Deltas of the lake Malawi rift,east Africa:seismic expression and exploration implications[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(1):1679-1697.
[20]WOOD S H.Seismic Expression and geological significance of a lacustrine delta in Neogene deposits of the Western Snake River Plain[J].Idaho AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(1):102-121.
[21]PROSSER S.Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expression[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,1993,71(1):35-66.
[2]胡见义,赵文智.中国含油气盆地与石油地质理论进展[J].断块油气田,1996,3(2):1-7.
[3]苗顺德,张功成,梁建设,等.珠江口盆地北部拗陷带文昌组地震反射特征及沉积环境分析[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(5):844-850.
[4]张浩,邵磊,张功成,等.南海始新世海相地层分布及油气地质意义[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2015,40(4):660-670.
[5]李前裕,吴国瑄,张丽丽,等.古近纪南海断陷作用和破裂不整合的海相沉积记录[J].中国科学:地球科学,2015,42(12):1447-1459.
[6]张功成,屈红军,刘世翔,等.边缘海构造旋回控制南海深水区油气藏[J].石油学报,2015,36(5):533-545.
[7]ANA M C S.Characterization of Mioncene-Pliocene carbonate platforms,southern Southwest Palawan basin,Philippines[D].Texas:Texas Aand M University,2006.
[8]HOLLOWAY N H.North Palawan Block,philippinesits relation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South China Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,66(9):1355-1383.
[9]SALI A S,CAAGUSAN N L,RIEZA R S.Paleogene petroleum possibilities in the Philippines[J].Energy,1981,6(11):1207-1204.
[10]HALL R.Cenozoic plate tectonic reconstructions of SE Asia[J].Geological Society of London Special Publication,1997,126(1):11-23.
[11]张江阳,孙珍,张素芳.珠江口盆地潮汕拗陷中生代构造变形分析[J].热带海洋学报,2014,33(5):41-49.
[12]丁巍伟,李家彪,黎明碧.南海南部陆缘礼乐盆地新生代的构造-沉积特征及伸展机制:来自NH973-2多道地震测线的证据[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2011,36(5):895-904.
[13]施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(3):11-22.
[14]STRECKER U,STEIDTMANN J R,SMITHSON S B.A conceptual tectonostrtigraphic model for seismic facies migration in fluvial-lacustrine extensional basin[J].AAPG Bull,1999,83(2):43-61.
[15]蒲仁海.断陷湖盆层序地层学的几点进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(4):410-413.
[16]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度-岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(4):25-34.
[17]BROWN A R.Interpretation of three-dimentional seismic data[M].Houston:AAPG Publicitions,1999.
[18]REYNOLDS A D.Dimensions of paralic Sandstone Bodies[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(2):211-229.
[19]SCHOLZ C A.Deltas of the lake Malawi rift,east Africa:seismic expression and exploration implications[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(1):1679-1697.
[20]WOOD S H.Seismic Expression and geological significance of a lacustrine delta in Neogene deposits of the Western Snake River Plain[J].Idaho AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(1):102-121.
[21]PROSSER S.Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expression[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,1993,71(1):35-66.
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