超粗晶硬质合金的研究现状与发展趋势
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摘要
基于超粗晶硬质合金具有优异的耐磨性、抗冲击性、抗热疲劳性等特点,在煤炭采掘、矿物开采、隧道掘进、路面养护等领域表现出色,成为近年来硬质合金材料领域重点研究对象。本文对比了超粗晶硬质合金晶粒度的评判标准,综合评述了国内外超粗WC粉末制备技术和超粗晶硬质合金制备技术方面的研究成果,指出超粗晶硬质合金的技术发展趋势为特粗低钴硬质合金的制备技术及粘结相相强化技术。
Based on the fact that extra coarse grained cemented carbide has excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, it is widely applied into coal mining, rock mining, tunneling, pavement maintenance. It has become the focus of research in cemented carbide field in recent years. In this paper, the evaluation standard of grain size of extra coarse grained cemented carbide is present. The research progress of preparation technology of extra coarse WC powder is summarized. Meanwhile, the research achievements of the preparation technology of extra coarse grained cemented carbide had been reviewed. Finally, the future development trends of extra coarse grained cemented carbide are introduced.The preparation of ultra coarse cemented carbides with low cobalt and ultra coarse cemented carbides with reinforced binder are future technological development trends.
Based on the fact that extra coarse grained cemented carbide has excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, it is widely applied into coal mining, rock mining, tunneling, pavement maintenance. It has become the focus of research in cemented carbide field in recent years. In this paper, the evaluation standard of grain size of extra coarse grained cemented carbide is present. The research progress of preparation technology of extra coarse WC powder is summarized. Meanwhile, the research achievements of the preparation technology of extra coarse grained cemented carbide had been reviewed. Finally, the future development trends of extra coarse grained cemented carbide are introduced.The preparation of ultra coarse cemented carbides with low cobalt and ultra coarse cemented carbides with reinforced binder are future technological development trends.
引文
[1]孙东平,夏斌华.超粗晶粒凿岩硬质合金研究的新进展[J].凿岩机械气动工具,2009,38(4):41-46.Sun Dongping,Xia Binhua.New advances in the study of ultra coarse grain cemented carbide for rock drilling[J].Rock Drilling Machine and Pneumatic Tool,2009,38(4):41-46.
[2]邹德良,洪海侠,张颢.超粗晶硬质合金截齿的层状剥落[J].硬质合金,2017,34(4):286-290.Zou Deliang,Hong Haixia,Zhang Hao.Layered peeling of extra coarse grained cemented carbide picks[J].Cemented Carbide,2017,34(4):286-290.
[3]吴厚平,张立,等.化学包裹粉工艺制备粗晶粒WC-Co硬质合金[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(4):701-705.Wu Houping,Zhang Li,et al.WC-Co cemented carbide from porous spumous cobalt enwrapped WC powders by chemical route[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(4):701-705.
[4]张立,吴冲浒,文晓,等.从硬质合金典型材质发展看中国硬质合金工业的技术进步[J].中国钨业,2011,26(4):34-39.Zhang Li,Wu Chonghu,Wen Xiao,et al.China's cemented carbide industry progress from the aspect of the development of typical carbide Material[J].China Tungsten Industry,2011,26(4):34-39.
[5]程鑫,张立.热处理对粗晶WC-Co硬质合金力学性能的影响[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2012,40(2):45-47.Cheng Xin,Zhang Li.Effects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbide[J].Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides,2012,40(2):45-47.
[6]湘子.硬质合金晶粒度分级标准[J].硬质合金,2006,26(2):68-69.Xian Zi.The criterion of WC grain size in cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2006,26(2):68-69.
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[8]Roebuck B,Bennett E G,Gee M G.Grain size measurement methods for WC/Co hardmetals[A].Bildstein H,Eck R..Proc.13th International Plansee Seminar Vol.2[C].Reutte Austria:Metallwerk Plansee,1993.273-292.
[9]黄志峰,周涛,陈亮.WC晶粒定量测量研究[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2001,6(3):251-254.Huang Zhifeng,Zhou Tao,Chen Liang.Research on quantative measure of WC grain[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallargy,2001,6(3):251?254.
[10]张立,陈泳华,刘汝模.以蓝钨为原料制取的粗颗粒W粉、WC粉特性的研究[J].硬质合金,1992,11(4):26-29.Zhang Li,Chen Yonghua,Liu yumo.Study on the charcteristics of coarse-grained W and WC powder made form blue tungsten oxide[J].Cemented Carbide,1992,11(4):26-29.
[11]高辉.钨粉分级在粗晶碳化钨粉生产中的应用[J].硬质合金,2006,23(2):92-96.Gao Hui.Application of gradation-carbonization process in production of coarse-graind tungsten carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2006,23(2):92-96.
[12]谢俊杰,张龙辉,常卿卿,等.掺杂与湿氢工艺制备超粗钨粉及其对合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2018,35(1):37-43.Xie Junjie,Zhang Longhui,Chang Qingqing,et al.Study on preparation of ultra-coarse grain tungsten powder by doping and wet hydrogen processes and its effects on cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2018,35(1):37-43.
[13]张湘,刘铁梅.APT中掺杂Na、Li元素对粗晶碳化钨及合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2007,24(2):74-79.Zhang Xiang,Liu Tiemei.Effect on the coarse-grain WC powder and properties of cemented carbide with doping element of Na,Li in APT[J].Cemented Carbide,2007,24(2):74-79.
[14]谭征,刘咏,贡太敏.Na元素掺杂方式对超粗晶碳化钨及其合金性能的影响[J].中国锰业,2017,35(2):108-112.Tan Zheng,Liu Yong,Gong Taimin.Effect of doping Na methods on properties of extra-grained WC powder and cemented carbide[J].China's Manganese Industry,2017,35(2):108-112.
[15]邹序枚.粗晶碳化钨粉生产工艺进展及其工艺原理探讨[J].硬质合金,1995,12(1):23-29.Zou Xumei.The advance of production process of coarse tungsten carbide powder and the investigation of it's processing principle[J].Cemented Carbide,1993,12(1):23-29.
[16]李勇,谢淑华.粗晶硬质合金的研究现状及其发展前景[J].江西冶金,2008,28(6):42-46.Li Yong,Xie Shuhua.Progress in research and prospect on the coarse grain cemented carbides[J].Jiangxi Metallurgy,2008,28(6):42-46.
[17]Ederyd Stefan,Ekstrand Asa,Fischer Udo,et al.Method of making metal composite materials:USA,US5505902[P].1996-4-9.
[18]Andersson,Sara,Mamoun,Muhammed,Chardon Nicolas,et al.Method of making metal composite powders:USA,US5529804[P].1996,6,25.
[19]张立,陈述,吴厚平,等.致密包覆型复合粉及超粗与特粗晶硬质合金的制备方法:中国,CN102560216B[P].2012-7-17.Zhang Li,Chen Shu,Wu Houping,et al.Preparation method of dense coated composite powder and super coarse and extra coarse grained cemented carbide:China,CN102560216B[P].2012-7-17.
[20]孙业熙,苏伟,杨海林,等.一步还原包裹粉工艺制备WC-Co超粗硬质合金[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2016,45(2):409-413.Sun Yexi,Su Wei,Yang Hailin,,et al.Ultra-coarse grain WC-Co cemented carbide from chemical coated powder by one-step hydrogen reduction[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016,45(2):409-413.
[21]周新华,王力民.球磨时间对粗晶硬质合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2008,25(1):23-27.Zhou Xinhua,Wang Limin.Effect of milling time on performance of coarse-grained cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2008,25(1):23-27.
[22]吴冲浒,吴其山,孙东平,等.柔性球磨技术制备超粗晶硬质合金的方法:中国,CN102634684A[P].2011?2?10.Wu Chonghu,Wu Qishang,Sun Dongpin,et al.Process of making coarse grain size cemented carbide by wild milling:China,CN102634684A[P].2011-2-10.
[23]程秀兰,邱智海.粗晶结构WC-Co硬质合金的制造方法:中国,CN101974716A[P].2010-11-23.Chen Xiulan,Qiu Zhihai.Process of making WC-Co cemented carbide with coarse grain size:China,CN101974716A[P].2010-11-23.
[24]伏坤,舒学福,周建华.特粗硬质合金制备工艺的开发[J].超硬材料工程,2011,23(1)31-35.Fu Kun,Shu Xufu,Zhou Jianhua.Development of manufacturing technology on the ultra-coarse grain cemented carbide[J].Superhard Material Engineering,2011,23(1):31-35.
[25]白英龙,吴冲浒,杨霞,等.纳米粉末溶解法制备粗晶WC-Co硬质合金[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2012,17(4):501-507.Bai Yinglong,Wu Chonghu,Yang Xia,et al.Coarsen grain WC-Co cemented fabricated by nanometer powder dissolution method[J].Material Science and Engineering of Powder Metallugy,2012,17(4):501-507.
[26]聂洪波.超粗晶WC硬质合金的制备方法与机理及性能研究[J].中国钨业,2016,31(4):51-56.Nie Hongbo.Preparation methods and mechanism and properties of ultra coarse grained WC cemented carbide[J].China Tungsten Industry,2016,31(4):51-56.
[27]吴建国,张国顺,罗桂甫,等.一种制造粗晶粒碳化钨硬质合金的方法:中国,CN102912206A[P].2013-2-6.Wu Jianguo,Zhang Guoshun,Luo Guifu,et al.A method for manufacturing coarse grained tungsten carbide alloy:China,CN102912206A[P].2013-2-6.
[28]I.Konyashin,B.Ries.Wear damage of cemented carbides with different combinations of WC mean grain size and Co content.Part I:ASTM wear tests[J].International Journal of Refractor Metals and Hard Materials,2014,46(9):12-19.
[29]I.Konyashin,F.Lachmann,B.Ries,et al.Strengthening zones in the Co matrix of WC-Co cemented carbides[J].Scripta Materialia,2014,83(9):17-20.
[2]邹德良,洪海侠,张颢.超粗晶硬质合金截齿的层状剥落[J].硬质合金,2017,34(4):286-290.Zou Deliang,Hong Haixia,Zhang Hao.Layered peeling of extra coarse grained cemented carbide picks[J].Cemented Carbide,2017,34(4):286-290.
[3]吴厚平,张立,等.化学包裹粉工艺制备粗晶粒WC-Co硬质合金[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(4):701-705.Wu Houping,Zhang Li,et al.WC-Co cemented carbide from porous spumous cobalt enwrapped WC powders by chemical route[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(4):701-705.
[4]张立,吴冲浒,文晓,等.从硬质合金典型材质发展看中国硬质合金工业的技术进步[J].中国钨业,2011,26(4):34-39.Zhang Li,Wu Chonghu,Wen Xiao,et al.China's cemented carbide industry progress from the aspect of the development of typical carbide Material[J].China Tungsten Industry,2011,26(4):34-39.
[5]程鑫,张立.热处理对粗晶WC-Co硬质合金力学性能的影响[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2012,40(2):45-47.Cheng Xin,Zhang Li.Effects of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of coarse-grained cemented carbide[J].Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides,2012,40(2):45-47.
[6]湘子.硬质合金晶粒度分级标准[J].硬质合金,2006,26(2):68-69.Xian Zi.The criterion of WC grain size in cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2006,26(2):68-69.
[7]Alistair Greason,Martin James,Mathias Tillman,et al.The future of finer grain hard metals[A].Proc 16th international Plansee Seminar[C].Reutte:Plansee AG,2005.314-338.
[8]Roebuck B,Bennett E G,Gee M G.Grain size measurement methods for WC/Co hardmetals[A].Bildstein H,Eck R..Proc.13th International Plansee Seminar Vol.2[C].Reutte Austria:Metallwerk Plansee,1993.273-292.
[9]黄志峰,周涛,陈亮.WC晶粒定量测量研究[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2001,6(3):251-254.Huang Zhifeng,Zhou Tao,Chen Liang.Research on quantative measure of WC grain[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallargy,2001,6(3):251?254.
[10]张立,陈泳华,刘汝模.以蓝钨为原料制取的粗颗粒W粉、WC粉特性的研究[J].硬质合金,1992,11(4):26-29.Zhang Li,Chen Yonghua,Liu yumo.Study on the charcteristics of coarse-grained W and WC powder made form blue tungsten oxide[J].Cemented Carbide,1992,11(4):26-29.
[11]高辉.钨粉分级在粗晶碳化钨粉生产中的应用[J].硬质合金,2006,23(2):92-96.Gao Hui.Application of gradation-carbonization process in production of coarse-graind tungsten carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2006,23(2):92-96.
[12]谢俊杰,张龙辉,常卿卿,等.掺杂与湿氢工艺制备超粗钨粉及其对合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2018,35(1):37-43.Xie Junjie,Zhang Longhui,Chang Qingqing,et al.Study on preparation of ultra-coarse grain tungsten powder by doping and wet hydrogen processes and its effects on cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2018,35(1):37-43.
[13]张湘,刘铁梅.APT中掺杂Na、Li元素对粗晶碳化钨及合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2007,24(2):74-79.Zhang Xiang,Liu Tiemei.Effect on the coarse-grain WC powder and properties of cemented carbide with doping element of Na,Li in APT[J].Cemented Carbide,2007,24(2):74-79.
[14]谭征,刘咏,贡太敏.Na元素掺杂方式对超粗晶碳化钨及其合金性能的影响[J].中国锰业,2017,35(2):108-112.Tan Zheng,Liu Yong,Gong Taimin.Effect of doping Na methods on properties of extra-grained WC powder and cemented carbide[J].China's Manganese Industry,2017,35(2):108-112.
[15]邹序枚.粗晶碳化钨粉生产工艺进展及其工艺原理探讨[J].硬质合金,1995,12(1):23-29.Zou Xumei.The advance of production process of coarse tungsten carbide powder and the investigation of it's processing principle[J].Cemented Carbide,1993,12(1):23-29.
[16]李勇,谢淑华.粗晶硬质合金的研究现状及其发展前景[J].江西冶金,2008,28(6):42-46.Li Yong,Xie Shuhua.Progress in research and prospect on the coarse grain cemented carbides[J].Jiangxi Metallurgy,2008,28(6):42-46.
[17]Ederyd Stefan,Ekstrand Asa,Fischer Udo,et al.Method of making metal composite materials:USA,US5505902[P].1996-4-9.
[18]Andersson,Sara,Mamoun,Muhammed,Chardon Nicolas,et al.Method of making metal composite powders:USA,US5529804[P].1996,6,25.
[19]张立,陈述,吴厚平,等.致密包覆型复合粉及超粗与特粗晶硬质合金的制备方法:中国,CN102560216B[P].2012-7-17.Zhang Li,Chen Shu,Wu Houping,et al.Preparation method of dense coated composite powder and super coarse and extra coarse grained cemented carbide:China,CN102560216B[P].2012-7-17.
[20]孙业熙,苏伟,杨海林,等.一步还原包裹粉工艺制备WC-Co超粗硬质合金[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2016,45(2):409-413.Sun Yexi,Su Wei,Yang Hailin,,et al.Ultra-coarse grain WC-Co cemented carbide from chemical coated powder by one-step hydrogen reduction[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016,45(2):409-413.
[21]周新华,王力民.球磨时间对粗晶硬质合金性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2008,25(1):23-27.Zhou Xinhua,Wang Limin.Effect of milling time on performance of coarse-grained cemented carbide[J].Cemented Carbide,2008,25(1):23-27.
[22]吴冲浒,吴其山,孙东平,等.柔性球磨技术制备超粗晶硬质合金的方法:中国,CN102634684A[P].2011?2?10.Wu Chonghu,Wu Qishang,Sun Dongpin,et al.Process of making coarse grain size cemented carbide by wild milling:China,CN102634684A[P].2011-2-10.
[23]程秀兰,邱智海.粗晶结构WC-Co硬质合金的制造方法:中国,CN101974716A[P].2010-11-23.Chen Xiulan,Qiu Zhihai.Process of making WC-Co cemented carbide with coarse grain size:China,CN101974716A[P].2010-11-23.
[24]伏坤,舒学福,周建华.特粗硬质合金制备工艺的开发[J].超硬材料工程,2011,23(1)31-35.Fu Kun,Shu Xufu,Zhou Jianhua.Development of manufacturing technology on the ultra-coarse grain cemented carbide[J].Superhard Material Engineering,2011,23(1):31-35.
[25]白英龙,吴冲浒,杨霞,等.纳米粉末溶解法制备粗晶WC-Co硬质合金[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2012,17(4):501-507.Bai Yinglong,Wu Chonghu,Yang Xia,et al.Coarsen grain WC-Co cemented fabricated by nanometer powder dissolution method[J].Material Science and Engineering of Powder Metallugy,2012,17(4):501-507.
[26]聂洪波.超粗晶WC硬质合金的制备方法与机理及性能研究[J].中国钨业,2016,31(4):51-56.Nie Hongbo.Preparation methods and mechanism and properties of ultra coarse grained WC cemented carbide[J].China Tungsten Industry,2016,31(4):51-56.
[27]吴建国,张国顺,罗桂甫,等.一种制造粗晶粒碳化钨硬质合金的方法:中国,CN102912206A[P].2013-2-6.Wu Jianguo,Zhang Guoshun,Luo Guifu,et al.A method for manufacturing coarse grained tungsten carbide alloy:China,CN102912206A[P].2013-2-6.
[28]I.Konyashin,B.Ries.Wear damage of cemented carbides with different combinations of WC mean grain size and Co content.Part I:ASTM wear tests[J].International Journal of Refractor Metals and Hard Materials,2014,46(9):12-19.
[29]I.Konyashin,F.Lachmann,B.Ries,et al.Strengthening zones in the Co matrix of WC-Co cemented carbides[J].Scripta Materialia,2014,83(9):17-20.