Application of coal mine roof rating in Chinese coal mines
|
摘要
The coal mine roof rating(CMRR) is a measure of roof quality or structure competency for bedded roof types typically of underground coal mines. The CMRR has been used widely in the US, South Africa,Canada and Australia. In order to investigate the application of the CMRR system in Chinese coal mines,two coal mines in China located in Panjiang Coal Field in Guizhou Province were investigated. Field data were collected which is required to calculate the CMRR value based on underground exposure. The CMRR values of 11 locations in two coal mines were calculated. The investigations demonstrated that the chance of mine roof failure is very low if the CMRR value is more than 50, given adequate support is installed in mine. It was found that the CMRR guideline are useful to preliminarily investigate stability in Panjiang Coal Field mines.
The coal mine roof rating(CMRR) is a measure of roof quality or structure competency for bedded roof types typically of underground coal mines. The CMRR has been used widely in the US, South Africa,Canada and Australia. In order to investigate the application of the CMRR system in Chinese coal mines,two coal mines in China located in Panjiang Coal Field in Guizhou Province were investigated. Field data were collected which is required to calculate the CMRR value based on underground exposure. The CMRR values of 11 locations in two coal mines were calculated. The investigations demonstrated that the chance of mine roof failure is very low if the CMRR value is more than 50, given adequate support is installed in mine. It was found that the CMRR guideline are useful to preliminarily investigate stability in Panjiang Coal Field mines.
The coal mine roof rating(CMRR) is a measure of roof quality or structure competency for bedded roof types typically of underground coal mines. The CMRR has been used widely in the US, South Africa,Canada and Australia. In order to investigate the application of the CMRR system in Chinese coal mines,two coal mines in China located in Panjiang Coal Field in Guizhou Province were investigated. Field data were collected which is required to calculate the CMRR value based on underground exposure. The CMRR values of 11 locations in two coal mines were calculated. The investigations demonstrated that the chance of mine roof failure is very low if the CMRR value is more than 50, given adequate support is installed in mine. It was found that the CMRR guideline are useful to preliminarily investigate stability in Panjiang Coal Field mines.
引文
[1]Mark C,Molinda GM.The Coal Mine Roof Rating(CMRR)-a decade of experience.Int J Coal Geol 2005;64:85-103.
[2]Mark C,Molinda GM.The coal mine roof rating in mining engineering practice.In:Wollongong,NSW,editor.Proceedings of the 2003 coal operators’conference.Illawarra Branch the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;2003.p.50-62.
[3]Molinda GM,Mark C,Debasis D.Using CMRR to assess roof stability in U.S.coal mines.J Mines Met Fuels 2008;49(8):314-21.
[4]Harris J,Kirsch P,Shi M,Li JR,Gagrani A,Krishna EA,et al.Comparative Analysis of Coal Fatalities in Australia,South Africa,India,China and USA,2006-2010.In:Wollongong NSW,editor.Proceedings of the 2014 Coal Operators’conference.University of Wollongong,2014,399-407.
[5]Xu QY,Zhao YJ,Li YM.Statistical analysis and precautions of coal mine accidents in China.Coal Eng 2015;47(3):80-2.
[6]Deng QG,Wang Y,Liu MJ,Wei JJ.Statistics analysis and enlightenment on coal mine accident of China from 2001-2013 periods.Coal Technol 2014;33(9):73-5.
[7]Chen J,Zhao YJ.Statistics analysis and enlightenment of coal mine accident of China during recent ten years.Coal Eng 2012;44(3):137-9.
[8]Mark C,Molinda GM,Barton T.New developments with the coal mine roof rating 2016.In:21st International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.West Virginia University;2016.p.294-301.
[9]Mark C,Molinda GM.Development and application of the coal mine roof rating(CMRR).In:Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining.Pittsburgh,PA.US:Department of Health and Human Services,CDC/NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research;2007.p.95-109.
[10]Calleja J.CMRR-Practical limitations and solutions.In:Proceedings of the 8th Underground Coal Operator’s Conference.Wollongong NSW:University of Wollongong&the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;2008.p.92-103.
[11]Taheri A,Tani K.Assessment of the stability of rock slopes by the slope stability rating classification system.Rock Mech Rock Eng 2010;43:321-33.
[12]Taheri A,Lee Y,Medina MAG.A modified coal mine roof rating classification system to design support requirements in coal mines.J Inst Eng(India):Ser D;2017.
[13]Hill D.Practical experiences with application of the coal mine roof rating in australian coal mines.In:Proceedings of the international workshop on rock mass classification in underground mining.Pittsburgh,PA.US:Department of Health and Human Services,CDC/NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research;2007.p.65-72.
[14]Bieniawski ZT.Geomechanics classification of rock masses and its application in tunnelin.In:Denver,CO,editor.Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Rock Mechanics.ISRM;1974.p.27-32.
[15]Whittles DN,Reddish DJ,Lowndes IS.The development of a coal measure classification(CMC)and its use for prediction of geomechanical parameters.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2007;44:496-513.
[16]Molinda GM,Mark C.Coal mine roof rating(CMRR):a practical rock mass classification for coal mines.Washington,DC:United States Department of the Interior,Bureau of Mines;1994.
[17]Mark C,Molinda G.Rating Coal Mine Roof strength from expoloratory drill core.In:Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on ground control in mining.Golden,CO(US):Colorado School of Mines,Golden,CO(United States),1996,415-428.
[18]Colwell M,Frith R,Mark C.Chain Pillar Design:Calibration of ALPS.Brisbane,Qld.AU:ACARP;1998.
[19]Williamson DA.Unified rock classification system.Bull Assoc Eng Geol1984;21:345-54.
[20]Yongyin W,Yuanqi T.Steeply-inclined coal-seam mining method analysis and improvement measures.Coal Min Technol 2013;18(2):29-31.
[21]Asfaw A,Mark C,Pana-Cryan R.Profitability and occupational injuries in USunderground coal mines.Accid Anal Prev 2013;50(1):778-86.
[22]Molinda GM,Mark C.Ground failures in coal mines with weak roof.Electron JGeotech Eng 2012;15(F):547-88.
[23]Mark C,Molinda GM,Dolinar DR.Analysis of roof bolt systems.In:Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.Morgantown,W.Va.US:Dept.of Mining Engineering,College of Engineeing and Mineral Resources,West Virginia University;2001.p.218-25.
[24]Paul A,Singh AP,Loui PJ,Singh KA,Khandelwal M.Validation of RMR-based support design using roof bolts by numerical modeling for underground coal mine of Monnet Ispat,Raigarh,India-a case study.Arabian J Geosci 2012;5(6):1435-48.
[25]Gao FQ,Stead D,Kang HP,Wu YZ.Discrete element modelling of deformation and damage of a roadway driven along an unstable goaf-a case study.Int JCoal Geol 2014;127(7):100-10.
[26]Thomas R,Wagner C.Main gate roof support design and management during longwall retreat in the Australian Coal Industry.In:Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.Morgantown,West Virginia 2005,191-197.
[27]Li CC.Numerical modelling of longwall mining and stability analysis of the gates in a coal mine.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2012;51:24-34.
[28]Eugene B-Awuah,Otto Richter,Tarrant Elkington,Yashar Pourrahimian.Strategic mining options optimization:open pit mining,underground mining or both.Int J Min Sci Technol 2016;26(6):1065-71.
[2]Mark C,Molinda GM.The coal mine roof rating in mining engineering practice.In:Wollongong,NSW,editor.Proceedings of the 2003 coal operators’conference.Illawarra Branch the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;2003.p.50-62.
[3]Molinda GM,Mark C,Debasis D.Using CMRR to assess roof stability in U.S.coal mines.J Mines Met Fuels 2008;49(8):314-21.
[4]Harris J,Kirsch P,Shi M,Li JR,Gagrani A,Krishna EA,et al.Comparative Analysis of Coal Fatalities in Australia,South Africa,India,China and USA,2006-2010.In:Wollongong NSW,editor.Proceedings of the 2014 Coal Operators’conference.University of Wollongong,2014,399-407.
[5]Xu QY,Zhao YJ,Li YM.Statistical analysis and precautions of coal mine accidents in China.Coal Eng 2015;47(3):80-2.
[6]Deng QG,Wang Y,Liu MJ,Wei JJ.Statistics analysis and enlightenment on coal mine accident of China from 2001-2013 periods.Coal Technol 2014;33(9):73-5.
[7]Chen J,Zhao YJ.Statistics analysis and enlightenment of coal mine accident of China during recent ten years.Coal Eng 2012;44(3):137-9.
[8]Mark C,Molinda GM,Barton T.New developments with the coal mine roof rating 2016.In:21st International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.West Virginia University;2016.p.294-301.
[9]Mark C,Molinda GM.Development and application of the coal mine roof rating(CMRR).In:Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining.Pittsburgh,PA.US:Department of Health and Human Services,CDC/NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research;2007.p.95-109.
[10]Calleja J.CMRR-Practical limitations and solutions.In:Proceedings of the 8th Underground Coal Operator’s Conference.Wollongong NSW:University of Wollongong&the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;2008.p.92-103.
[11]Taheri A,Tani K.Assessment of the stability of rock slopes by the slope stability rating classification system.Rock Mech Rock Eng 2010;43:321-33.
[12]Taheri A,Lee Y,Medina MAG.A modified coal mine roof rating classification system to design support requirements in coal mines.J Inst Eng(India):Ser D;2017.
[13]Hill D.Practical experiences with application of the coal mine roof rating in australian coal mines.In:Proceedings of the international workshop on rock mass classification in underground mining.Pittsburgh,PA.US:Department of Health and Human Services,CDC/NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research;2007.p.65-72.
[14]Bieniawski ZT.Geomechanics classification of rock masses and its application in tunnelin.In:Denver,CO,editor.Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Rock Mechanics.ISRM;1974.p.27-32.
[15]Whittles DN,Reddish DJ,Lowndes IS.The development of a coal measure classification(CMC)and its use for prediction of geomechanical parameters.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2007;44:496-513.
[16]Molinda GM,Mark C.Coal mine roof rating(CMRR):a practical rock mass classification for coal mines.Washington,DC:United States Department of the Interior,Bureau of Mines;1994.
[17]Mark C,Molinda G.Rating Coal Mine Roof strength from expoloratory drill core.In:Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on ground control in mining.Golden,CO(US):Colorado School of Mines,Golden,CO(United States),1996,415-428.
[18]Colwell M,Frith R,Mark C.Chain Pillar Design:Calibration of ALPS.Brisbane,Qld.AU:ACARP;1998.
[19]Williamson DA.Unified rock classification system.Bull Assoc Eng Geol1984;21:345-54.
[20]Yongyin W,Yuanqi T.Steeply-inclined coal-seam mining method analysis and improvement measures.Coal Min Technol 2013;18(2):29-31.
[21]Asfaw A,Mark C,Pana-Cryan R.Profitability and occupational injuries in USunderground coal mines.Accid Anal Prev 2013;50(1):778-86.
[22]Molinda GM,Mark C.Ground failures in coal mines with weak roof.Electron JGeotech Eng 2012;15(F):547-88.
[23]Mark C,Molinda GM,Dolinar DR.Analysis of roof bolt systems.In:Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.Morgantown,W.Va.US:Dept.of Mining Engineering,College of Engineeing and Mineral Resources,West Virginia University;2001.p.218-25.
[24]Paul A,Singh AP,Loui PJ,Singh KA,Khandelwal M.Validation of RMR-based support design using roof bolts by numerical modeling for underground coal mine of Monnet Ispat,Raigarh,India-a case study.Arabian J Geosci 2012;5(6):1435-48.
[25]Gao FQ,Stead D,Kang HP,Wu YZ.Discrete element modelling of deformation and damage of a roadway driven along an unstable goaf-a case study.Int JCoal Geol 2014;127(7):100-10.
[26]Thomas R,Wagner C.Main gate roof support design and management during longwall retreat in the Australian Coal Industry.In:Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining.Morgantown,West Virginia 2005,191-197.
[27]Li CC.Numerical modelling of longwall mining and stability analysis of the gates in a coal mine.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2012;51:24-34.
[28]Eugene B-Awuah,Otto Richter,Tarrant Elkington,Yashar Pourrahimian.Strategic mining options optimization:open pit mining,underground mining or both.Int J Min Sci Technol 2016;26(6):1065-71.