身体表情识别的ERP研究
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摘要
采用情绪分类的经典研究范式,结合事件相关电位技术,研究个体对身体表情识别的行为与时间进程特点。行为结果表明:个体对愉快情绪的加工速度明显快于悲伤。脑电结果表明:(1)在N170上,个体在对悲伤身体表情的识别中诱发了更大的波幅,表现出了"负性偏向"。(2)在P2上,相对悲伤和中性身体表情,人们在识别愉快的身体表情时诱发了更大波幅。(3)在晚期成分上,相对中性身体表情,人们在识别愉快与悲伤情绪时诱发出更大波幅,表现出了"情绪效应"。实验结果表明个体对身体表情的加工与面孔表情的加工可能存在着相似的模式。
"This study employed the event-related potential(ERP) technique to investigate the time course of participants perceiving bodily expression emotional pictures. Behavioral results found the "positivity bias", which means happy bodily expression are recognized faster compared to sad and neutral bodily expression. For ERP results: 1) The N170 component confirmed the "negativity bias" effect, sad bodily expression elicited larger N170 components than happy and neutral. 2) Compared to sad and neutral bodily expression, the P2 component amplitude increased to happy bodily expression. 3) In the last stage, happy and sad bodily expression gained more attention instead of neural pictures, reflected by more pronounced LPP effects. Taken together, the current findings suggest human brains respond to nonverbal signals from the face and body in a similar manner."
"This study employed the event-related potential(ERP) technique to investigate the time course of participants perceiving bodily expression emotional pictures. Behavioral results found the "positivity bias", which means happy bodily expression are recognized faster compared to sad and neutral bodily expression. For ERP results: 1) The N170 component confirmed the "negativity bias" effect, sad bodily expression elicited larger N170 components than happy and neutral. 2) Compared to sad and neutral bodily expression, the P2 component amplitude increased to happy bodily expression. 3) In the last stage, happy and sad bodily expression gained more attention instead of neural pictures, reflected by more pronounced LPP effects. Taken together, the current findings suggest human brains respond to nonverbal signals from the face and body in a similar manner."
引文
侠牧,李雪榴,叶春,李红.(2014).面部表情加工的ERP成分.心理科学进展,22(10),1556-1563.
袁加锦,汪宇,鞠恩霞,李红.(2010).情绪加工的性别差异及神经机制.心理科学进展,18(12),1899-1908.
张丹丹,赵婷,柳昀哲,陈玉明.(2015).恐惧情绪面孔和身体姿势加工的比较:事件相关电位研究.心理学报,47(8),963-970.
Aldhafeeri,F.M.,Mackenzie,I.,Kay,T.,Alghamdi,J.,&Sluming,V.(2012).Regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant IAPSpictures:Different networks.Neuroscience Letters,512(2),94-98,doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.01.064.
Ales,J.M.,Yates,J.L.,&Norcia,A.M.(2010).V1 is not uniquely identified by polarity reversals of responses to upper and lower visual field stimuli.NeuroImage,52(4),1401-1409,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.016.
Atkinson,A.P.,Dittrich,W.H.,Gemmell,A.J.,&Young,A.W.(2004).Emotion perception from dynamic and static body expressions in pointlight and full-light displays.Perception,33(6),717-746,doi:10.1068/p5096.
Aviezer,H.,Trope,Y.,&Todorov,A.(2012).Body cues,not facial expressions,discriminate between intense positive and negative emotions.Science,338(6111),1225-1229,doi:10.1126/science.1224313.
Borgomaneri,S.,Vitale,F.,Gazzola,V.,&Avenanti,A.(2015).Seeing fearful body language rapidly freezes the observer's motor cortex.Cortex,65,232-245,doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.01.014.
de Gelder,B.(2006).Towards the neurobiology of emotional body language.Nature Review Neuroscience,7(3),242-249,doi:10.1038/nrn1872.
Eimer,M.(2000).The face-specific N170 component reflects late stages in the structural encoding of faces.Neuroreport,11(10),2319-2324,doi:10.1097/00001756-200007140-00050.
Gu,Y.Y.,Mai,X.Q.,&Luo,Y.J.(2013).Do bodily expressions compete with facial expressions?Time course of integration of emotional signals from the face and the body.PLoS ONE,8(7),e66762,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066762.
Gur,R.C.,Gunning-Dixon,F.,Bilker,W.B.,&Gur,R.E.(2002).Sex differences in temporo-limbic and frontal brain volumes of healthy adults.Cerebral Cortex,12,998-1003,doi:10.1093/cercor/12.9.998.
Hadjikhani,N.,&de Gelder,B.(2003).Seeing fearful body expressions activates the fusiform cortex and amygdala.Current Biology,13(24),2201-2205,doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.049.
Hietanen,J.K.,&Astikainen,P.(2013).N170 response to facial expressions is modulated by the affective congruency between the emotional expression and preceding affective picture.Biological Psychology,92,114-124,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.10.005.
Hofer,A.,Siedentopf,C.M.,Ischebeck,A.,Rettenbacher,M.A.,Verius,M.,Felber,S.,&Fleischhacker,W.W.(2006).Gender differences in regional cerebral activity during the perception of emotion:A fMRIstudy.NeuroImage,32,854-862,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.03.053.
Kret,M.E.,Pichon,S.,Grèzes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2011).Similarities and differences in perceiving threat from dynamic faces and bodies.An f MRI study.NeuroImage,54,1755-1762,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.012.
Lang,P.J.,&Bradley,M.M.(2010).Emotion and the motivational brain.Biological Psychology,84(3),437-450,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.10.007.
Lee,S.A.,Kim,C.Y.,Shim,M.,&Lee,S.H.(2017).Gender differences in neural responses to perceptually invisible fearful face-an ERPstudy.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,11,6.
Luo,W.B.,Feng,W.F.,He,W.Q.,Wang,N.Y.,&Luo,Y.J.(2010).Three stages of facial expression processing:ERP study with rapid serial visual presentation.NeuroImage,49(2),1857-1867,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.018.
Mama,Y.,Ben-Haim,M.S.,&Algom,D.(2013).When emotion does and does not impair performance:A Garner theory of the emotional Stroop effect.Cognition&Emotion,27(4),589-602.
Proverbio,A.M.,Brignone,V.,Matarazzo,S.,Del Zotto,M.,&Zani,A.(2006a).Gender differences in hemispheric asymmetry for face processing.BMC Neuroscience,7(1),44,doi:10.1186/1471-2202-7-44.
Proverbio,A.M.,Brignone,V.,Matarazzo,S.,Del Zotto,M.,&Zani,A.(2006b).Gender and parental status affect the visual cortical response to infant facial expression.Neuropsychologia,44,2987-2999,doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.015.
Rellecke,J.,Sommer,W.,&Schacht,A.(2012).Does processing of emotional facial expressions depend on intention?Time-resolved evidence from event-related brain potentials.Biological Psychology,90,23-32,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.02.002.
Sun,J.,Sun,B.,Wang,B.,&Gong,H.(2012).The processing bias for threatening cues revealed by event-related potential and event-related oscillation analyses.Neuroscience,203,91-98,doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.038.
van de Riet,W.A.,Grezes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2009).Specific and common brain regions involved in the perception of faces and bodies and the representation of their emotional expressions.Social Neuroscience,4(2),101-120,doi:10.1080/17470910701865367.
van den Stock,J.,Righart,R.,&De Gelder,B.(2007).Body expressions influence recognition of emotions in the face and voice.Emotion,7(3),487-494,doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.487.
van den Stock,J.,Tamietto,M.,Sorger,B.,Pichon,S.,Grézes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2011).Cortico-subcortical visual,somatosensory,and motor activations for perceiving dynamic whole-body emotional expressions with and without striate cortex(V1).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,108(39),16188-16193,doi:10.1073/pnas.1107214108.
van den Stock,J.,Vandenbulcke,M.,Sinke,C.B.A.,&de Gelder,B.(2014).Affective scenes influence fear perception of individual body expressions.Human Brain Mapping,35(2),492-502,doi:10.1002/hbm.v35.2.
Zhang,D.D.,Luo,W.B.,&Luo,Y.J.(2013).Single-trial ERP analysis reveals facial expression category in a three-stage scheme.Brain Research,1512,78-88,doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.03.044.
袁加锦,汪宇,鞠恩霞,李红.(2010).情绪加工的性别差异及神经机制.心理科学进展,18(12),1899-1908.
张丹丹,赵婷,柳昀哲,陈玉明.(2015).恐惧情绪面孔和身体姿势加工的比较:事件相关电位研究.心理学报,47(8),963-970.
Aldhafeeri,F.M.,Mackenzie,I.,Kay,T.,Alghamdi,J.,&Sluming,V.(2012).Regional brain responses to pleasant and unpleasant IAPSpictures:Different networks.Neuroscience Letters,512(2),94-98,doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.01.064.
Ales,J.M.,Yates,J.L.,&Norcia,A.M.(2010).V1 is not uniquely identified by polarity reversals of responses to upper and lower visual field stimuli.NeuroImage,52(4),1401-1409,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.016.
Atkinson,A.P.,Dittrich,W.H.,Gemmell,A.J.,&Young,A.W.(2004).Emotion perception from dynamic and static body expressions in pointlight and full-light displays.Perception,33(6),717-746,doi:10.1068/p5096.
Aviezer,H.,Trope,Y.,&Todorov,A.(2012).Body cues,not facial expressions,discriminate between intense positive and negative emotions.Science,338(6111),1225-1229,doi:10.1126/science.1224313.
Borgomaneri,S.,Vitale,F.,Gazzola,V.,&Avenanti,A.(2015).Seeing fearful body language rapidly freezes the observer's motor cortex.Cortex,65,232-245,doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.01.014.
de Gelder,B.(2006).Towards the neurobiology of emotional body language.Nature Review Neuroscience,7(3),242-249,doi:10.1038/nrn1872.
Eimer,M.(2000).The face-specific N170 component reflects late stages in the structural encoding of faces.Neuroreport,11(10),2319-2324,doi:10.1097/00001756-200007140-00050.
Gu,Y.Y.,Mai,X.Q.,&Luo,Y.J.(2013).Do bodily expressions compete with facial expressions?Time course of integration of emotional signals from the face and the body.PLoS ONE,8(7),e66762,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066762.
Gur,R.C.,Gunning-Dixon,F.,Bilker,W.B.,&Gur,R.E.(2002).Sex differences in temporo-limbic and frontal brain volumes of healthy adults.Cerebral Cortex,12,998-1003,doi:10.1093/cercor/12.9.998.
Hadjikhani,N.,&de Gelder,B.(2003).Seeing fearful body expressions activates the fusiform cortex and amygdala.Current Biology,13(24),2201-2205,doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.049.
Hietanen,J.K.,&Astikainen,P.(2013).N170 response to facial expressions is modulated by the affective congruency between the emotional expression and preceding affective picture.Biological Psychology,92,114-124,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.10.005.
Hofer,A.,Siedentopf,C.M.,Ischebeck,A.,Rettenbacher,M.A.,Verius,M.,Felber,S.,&Fleischhacker,W.W.(2006).Gender differences in regional cerebral activity during the perception of emotion:A fMRIstudy.NeuroImage,32,854-862,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.03.053.
Kret,M.E.,Pichon,S.,Grèzes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2011).Similarities and differences in perceiving threat from dynamic faces and bodies.An f MRI study.NeuroImage,54,1755-1762,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.012.
Lang,P.J.,&Bradley,M.M.(2010).Emotion and the motivational brain.Biological Psychology,84(3),437-450,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.10.007.
Lee,S.A.,Kim,C.Y.,Shim,M.,&Lee,S.H.(2017).Gender differences in neural responses to perceptually invisible fearful face-an ERPstudy.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,11,6.
Luo,W.B.,Feng,W.F.,He,W.Q.,Wang,N.Y.,&Luo,Y.J.(2010).Three stages of facial expression processing:ERP study with rapid serial visual presentation.NeuroImage,49(2),1857-1867,doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.018.
Mama,Y.,Ben-Haim,M.S.,&Algom,D.(2013).When emotion does and does not impair performance:A Garner theory of the emotional Stroop effect.Cognition&Emotion,27(4),589-602.
Proverbio,A.M.,Brignone,V.,Matarazzo,S.,Del Zotto,M.,&Zani,A.(2006a).Gender differences in hemispheric asymmetry for face processing.BMC Neuroscience,7(1),44,doi:10.1186/1471-2202-7-44.
Proverbio,A.M.,Brignone,V.,Matarazzo,S.,Del Zotto,M.,&Zani,A.(2006b).Gender and parental status affect the visual cortical response to infant facial expression.Neuropsychologia,44,2987-2999,doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.015.
Rellecke,J.,Sommer,W.,&Schacht,A.(2012).Does processing of emotional facial expressions depend on intention?Time-resolved evidence from event-related brain potentials.Biological Psychology,90,23-32,doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.02.002.
Sun,J.,Sun,B.,Wang,B.,&Gong,H.(2012).The processing bias for threatening cues revealed by event-related potential and event-related oscillation analyses.Neuroscience,203,91-98,doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.038.
van de Riet,W.A.,Grezes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2009).Specific and common brain regions involved in the perception of faces and bodies and the representation of their emotional expressions.Social Neuroscience,4(2),101-120,doi:10.1080/17470910701865367.
van den Stock,J.,Righart,R.,&De Gelder,B.(2007).Body expressions influence recognition of emotions in the face and voice.Emotion,7(3),487-494,doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.487.
van den Stock,J.,Tamietto,M.,Sorger,B.,Pichon,S.,Grézes,J.,&de Gelder,B.(2011).Cortico-subcortical visual,somatosensory,and motor activations for perceiving dynamic whole-body emotional expressions with and without striate cortex(V1).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,108(39),16188-16193,doi:10.1073/pnas.1107214108.
van den Stock,J.,Vandenbulcke,M.,Sinke,C.B.A.,&de Gelder,B.(2014).Affective scenes influence fear perception of individual body expressions.Human Brain Mapping,35(2),492-502,doi:10.1002/hbm.v35.2.
Zhang,D.D.,Luo,W.B.,&Luo,Y.J.(2013).Single-trial ERP analysis reveals facial expression category in a three-stage scheme.Brain Research,1512,78-88,doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.03.044.
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