污水厂尾水占主导溪流养分滞留潜力及影响因素
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摘要
为了解污水厂尾水排入对小河流养分滞留的影响,选择南淝河流域二十埠河上游污水厂尾水占主导的磨店小溪流为对象,根据野外示踪试验和模型模拟结果,利用养分螺旋指标定量评估溪流NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和SRP滞留潜力,识别主要影响因素.结果表明,NH_4~+-N和SRP的主流区一阶吸收系数(λ)较暂态存储区(λ_s)高1个数量级,而且两者的λ或λ_s数值大小颇为接近.Sw-NH_4、Sw-SRP和Sw-NO_3平均值分别为12.71,14.09,7.48km,均远高于溪流总长度,意味着溪流已不具备氮磷养分的去除能力.NH_4~+-N和SRP吸收长度高于NO_3~--N,但其吸收速度却较NO_3~--N低,表明NO_3~--N滞留潜力相对较高.与该溪流上已有研究的比较,未发现污水厂尾水排入对溪流养分滞留带来明显的不利影响.回归分析表明,水文条件是影响溪流氮磷滞留的重要因素,虽然Vf-SRP、U-SRP都与暂态存储显著相关(P<0.05),但NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N吸收指标与其关系并不显著.
To investigate the effects of wastewater treatment plant effluent on nutrient retention in streams, a case study in Modian Creek, which is a typical first-order stream of Ershibu River in Nanfei River basin and predominated by wastewater treatment plant effluent, was conducted. Potentials of ammonium nitrogen(NH_4~+-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO_3~--N) and soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) retention were evaluated quantitatively by nutrient spiraling metrics and its influencing factors were identified by means of regression analysis based on tracer experiments and modeling of models. Results showed that the first-order uptake coefficients of NH_4~+-N and SRP in the main channel(λ) were an order of magnitude higher than those in the transient storage zone(λ_s), while the values of λ-NH_4~+-N and λ_s-NH_4~+-N were similar to λ-SRP and λ_s-SRP values, respectively. The mean values of Sw-NH_4, Sw-SRP and Sw-NO_3 were significantly larger than the whole length of Modian Creek, suggesting that the studied stream had no any ability to retain or remove nitrogen and phosphorus. Since the uptake lengths of both NH_4~+-N and SRP were longer than that of NO_3~--N, but their uptake velocities were all lower than that of NO_3~--N, indicating that NO_3~--N retention potential was greater than those of NH_4~+-N and SRP. Moreover, significantly adverse impacts of wastewater treatment plant effluent on nitrogen and phosphorus retention were not found through comparison with the published literature of nutrient spiraling studies in the studied stream. Regression analysis suggested that hydrological condition was key drivers influencing nutrient retention in the Modian Creek. Transient storage was significantly correlated with Vf-SRP and U-SRP(both P<0.05), but was independent on NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N.
To investigate the effects of wastewater treatment plant effluent on nutrient retention in streams, a case study in Modian Creek, which is a typical first-order stream of Ershibu River in Nanfei River basin and predominated by wastewater treatment plant effluent, was conducted. Potentials of ammonium nitrogen(NH_4~+-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO_3~--N) and soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) retention were evaluated quantitatively by nutrient spiraling metrics and its influencing factors were identified by means of regression analysis based on tracer experiments and modeling of models. Results showed that the first-order uptake coefficients of NH_4~+-N and SRP in the main channel(λ) were an order of magnitude higher than those in the transient storage zone(λ_s), while the values of λ-NH_4~+-N and λ_s-NH_4~+-N were similar to λ-SRP and λ_s-SRP values, respectively. The mean values of Sw-NH_4, Sw-SRP and Sw-NO_3 were significantly larger than the whole length of Modian Creek, suggesting that the studied stream had no any ability to retain or remove nitrogen and phosphorus. Since the uptake lengths of both NH_4~+-N and SRP were longer than that of NO_3~--N, but their uptake velocities were all lower than that of NO_3~--N, indicating that NO_3~--N retention potential was greater than those of NH_4~+-N and SRP. Moreover, significantly adverse impacts of wastewater treatment plant effluent on nitrogen and phosphorus retention were not found through comparison with the published literature of nutrient spiraling studies in the studied stream. Regression analysis suggested that hydrological condition was key drivers influencing nutrient retention in the Modian Creek. Transient storage was significantly correlated with Vf-SRP and U-SRP(both P<0.05), but was independent on NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N.
引文
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[32]李如忠,耿若楠,黄青飞,等.农田溪流深潭营养盐滞留及对人为干扰的响应[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):720-729.
[33]Webster J R,Mulholland P J,Tank J L,et al.Factors affecting ammonium uptake in streams-an inter-biome perspective[J].Freshwater Biology,2003,48(8):1329-1352.
[2]Rahm B G,Hill N B,Shaw S B,et al.Nitrate dynamics in two streams impacted by wastewater treatment plant discharge:Point sources or sinks?[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2016,52(3):592-604.
[3]Carey R O,Migliaccio K W.Contribution of wastewater treatment plant effluents to nutrient dynamics in aquatic systems:A review[J].Environmental Management,2009,44(2):205-217.
[4]Dyachenko A,Mitchell J,Arsem N,et al.Extraction and identification of microplastic particles from secondary wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)effluent[J].Analytical Methods,2017,9(9):1412-1418.
[5]Ruggiero A,Solimini A G,Carchini G.Effects of a waste water treatment plant on organic matter dynamics and ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean stream[J].International Journal of Limnology,2006,42(2):97-107.
[6]Santos I R,Costa R C,Freitas U,et al.Influence of effluents from a wastewater treatment plant on nutrient distribution in a coastal creek from southern Brazil[J].Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology,2008,51(1):153-162.
[7]Sánchez-Pérez J-M,Gerino M,Sauvage S,et al.Effects of wastewater treatment plant pollution on in-stream ecosystems functions in an agricultural watershed[J].International Journal of Limnology,2009,45(2):79-92.
[8]Solimini A G,Carchini G.Effects of a waste water treatment plant on organic matter dynamics and ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean stream[J].International Journal of Limnology,2006,42(2):97-107.
[9]Merbt S N,Auguet J-C,Blesa A,et al.Wastewater treatment plant effluents change abundance and composition of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in Mediterranean urban stream biofilms[J].Microbial Ecology,2015,69(1):66-74.
[10]Wakelin S A,Colloff M J,Kookana R S.Effect of wastewater treatment plant effluent on microbial function and community structure in the sediment of a freshwater stream with variable seasonal flow[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,74(9):2659-2668.
[11]MartíE,Aumatell J,GodéL,et al.Nutrient retention efficiency in streams receiving inputs from wastewater treatment plants[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2004,33(1):285-293.
[12]Haggard B E,Storm D E,Stanley E H,et al.Effect of a point source input on stream nutrient retention[J].Journal of the American Water Resources,2001,37(5):1291-1299.
[13]Haggard B E,Stanley E H,Storm D E,et al.Nutrient retention in a point-source-enriched stream[J].Freshwater Science,2005,24(1):82-100.
[14]Merseburger G C,MartíE,Sabater F.Net changes in nutrient concentrations below a point source input in two streams draining catchments with contrasting land uses[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,347(1-3):217-229.
[15]Drummond J D,Bernal S,Schiller D V,et al.Linking in-stream nutrient uptake to hydrologic retention in two headwater streams[J].Freshwater Science,2016,35(4):1176-1188.
[16]García V J,Hegoburn C,FeijoóC,et al.High nutrient retention in chronically nutrient-rich lowland streams[J].Freshwater Science,2017,36(1):26-40.
[17]黄兴如,张琼琼,张瑞杰,等.再生水补水对河流湿地香蒲根际细菌群落结构影响研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(2):569-580.
[18]徐忠强,郝瑞霞,徐鹏程,等.硫铁填料和微电流强化再生水脱氮除磷的研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(2):406-413.
[19]李如忠,张翩翩,杨继伟,等.多级拦水堰坝调控农田溪流营养盐滞留能力的仿真模拟[J].水利学报,2015,46(6):68-77.
[20]李如忠,曹竟成,张瑞钢,等.芦苇占优势农田溪流营养盐滞留能力分析与评估[J].水利学报,2016,47(1):28-37.
[21]李如忠,黄青飞,杨继伟,等.水文变化条件下农田溪流营养盐滞留效应模拟[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(6):1877-1885.
[22]Peterson B J,Wollheim W M,Mulholland P J,et al.Control of nitrogen export from watersheds by headwater streams[J].Science,2001,292(5514):86-90.
[23]Gasiūnas V,Lysovien?J.Nutrient retention efficiency of small regulated streams during the season of low-flow regime in central Lithuanian lowland[J].Hydrology Research,2014,45(3):357-367.
[24]秦如彬,李如忠,高苏蒂,等.城乡交错带典型溪流沟渠沉积物氮污染特征及硝化-反硝化潜力[J].环境科学,2017,38(3):936-945.
[25]Runkel R L.One-dimensional transport with inflow and storage(OTIS):A solute transport model for streams and rivers:U.S.Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report,98-4018[R].1998:73-78.
[26]Ensign S H,Doyle M W.Nutrient spiraling in streams and river networks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111,G04009,doi:10.1029/2005JG000114.
[27]Argerich A,Marti E,Sabater F,et al.Influence of transient storage on stream nutrient uptake based on substrata manipulation[J].Aquatic Sciences,2011,73(3):365–376.
[28]Wagner B J,Harvey J W.Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer:Analysis of stream tracer studies[J].Water Resources Research,1997,33(7):1731-1741.
[29]Jin H S,Ward G M.Hydraulic characteristics of a small Coastal Plain stream of the southeastern United States:effects of hydrology and season[J].Hydrological Processes,2005,19(20):4147-4160.
[30]O’Connor B L,Hondzo M,Harvey J W.Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake:implications for stream restoration[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2010,136(12):1018-1032.
[31]Stutter M I,Demars B O L,Langan S J,et al.River phosphorus cycling:Separating biotic and abiotic uptake during short-term changes in sewage effluent loading[J].Water Research,2010,44(15):4425-4436.
[32]李如忠,耿若楠,黄青飞,等.农田溪流深潭营养盐滞留及对人为干扰的响应[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):720-729.
[33]Webster J R,Mulholland P J,Tank J L,et al.Factors affecting ammonium uptake in streams-an inter-biome perspective[J].Freshwater Biology,2003,48(8):1329-1352.