基于OMI数据的京津冀地区对流层NO_2浓度遥感监测
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摘要
为了解京津冀地区对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度的时空变化,利用Aura卫星上OMI传感器反演获取2005~2016年对流层NO_2垂直柱浓度数据进行分析。结果表明:京津冀地区的NO_2垂直柱浓度空间分布呈现出从中部和东南平原地区向西北坝上高原地区逐渐降低的趋势,并且发现,京津冀地区的12 a的年均季节空间分布与NO_2柱浓度年均空间分布趋势相似;京津冀地区NO_2柱浓度月均值呈现出以每年为一个周期的波浪形变化,年均增长率为2.66%。2005~2010年京津冀地区的NO_2年柱浓度值处于上升趋势,2014~2015年NO_2浓度急剧下降,2016年又开始上升。京津冀地区NO_2柱浓度值有季节差异,大体上呈现秋季、冬季高于春夏两季,冬季最高,夏季最低。利用线性拟合发现,京津冀的地面监测NO_2柱浓度值和OMI传感器获取的NO_2柱浓度值整体上显著相关且相关性很高。
In order to understand the spatiotemporal change of NO_2 vertical column density in Beijing-TianjinHebei region,the tropospheric NO_2 vertical column density from 2005 to 2016 were analyzed by OMI remote sensing data from Aura satellite. The results showed that the spatial distribution of NO_2 vertical column density in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region showed the decrease trend from the middle and southeastern plains to the northwestern Bashang plateau. The seasonal spatial distribution of NO_2 column density was similar to the annual average distribution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during these twelve years. The average annual growth rate of NO_2 density in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was 2. 66% with twelve years as one cycle. The NO_2 density increased from 2005 to 2010,decreased sharply from 2014 to 2015,and increased in 2016. As for seasonal change,NO_2 vertical column density values in autumn and winter were significantly higher than those in spring and summer. The highest NO_2 densities appeared in winter and the lowest appeared in summer. Using linear fitting method,it was found that the density of NO_2 column in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area was significantly correlated with the NO_2 column density obtained by OMI sensor and the correlation was very high.
In order to understand the spatiotemporal change of NO_2 vertical column density in Beijing-TianjinHebei region,the tropospheric NO_2 vertical column density from 2005 to 2016 were analyzed by OMI remote sensing data from Aura satellite. The results showed that the spatial distribution of NO_2 vertical column density in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region showed the decrease trend from the middle and southeastern plains to the northwestern Bashang plateau. The seasonal spatial distribution of NO_2 column density was similar to the annual average distribution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during these twelve years. The average annual growth rate of NO_2 density in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was 2. 66% with twelve years as one cycle. The NO_2 density increased from 2005 to 2010,decreased sharply from 2014 to 2015,and increased in 2016. As for seasonal change,NO_2 vertical column density values in autumn and winter were significantly higher than those in spring and summer. The highest NO_2 densities appeared in winter and the lowest appeared in summer. Using linear fitting method,it was found that the density of NO_2 column in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area was significantly correlated with the NO_2 column density obtained by OMI sensor and the correlation was very high.
引文
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[34]游志强,尉鹏,雄辉,等.基于卫星观测的2005-2015年京津冀地区NO2柱浓度分布及变化趋势[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1400-1407.YOU Z Q,WEI P,XIONG H,et al.Spatial and temporal variation of vertical column density of tropospheric NO2over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on satellite observation during 2005-2015[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(10):1400-1407.
[35]孟晓艳,余予,张志富,等.2013年1月京津冀地区强雾霾频发成因初探[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(1):190-194.MENG X Y,Y U Y,ZHANG Z F,et al.Preliminary study of the dense fog and haze events’formation over Beijing-Tianjinand-Hebei Region in January of 2013[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,37(1):190-194.
[36]尉鹏,任阵海,苏福庆,等.中国NO2的季节分布及成因分析[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(2):155-161.WEI P,REN Z H,SU F Q,et al.Seasonal Distribution and Cause Analysis of NO2in China[J].Environmental Science Research,2011,24(2):155-161.
[2]MA J Z,BEIRLE S,JIN J L,et al.Tropospheric NO2vertical column densities over Beijing:results of the first three years of ground-based MAX-DOAS measurements(2008-2011)and satellite validation[J].Atmos.Chem&Phys.,2013,13(3):1547-1567.
[3]MOLINA M J,MOLINA L T.Megacities and atmospheric pollution[J].Air Waste Manage.Assoc.,2004,54(6):644-680.
[4]李龙,施润和,陈圆圆,等.基于OMI数据的中国NO2时空分布与人类影响分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2013,15(5):688-694.LI L,SHI R H,CHEN Y Y,et al.Spatio-temporal characteristics of NO2in China and the anthropogenic influences analysis based on OMI data[J].Journal of Earth Information Science,2013,15(5):688-694.
[5]SCHIN D G,VANDER A,BEIG G.Satellite derived trends in NO2over the major global hotspot regions during the past decade and their inter-comparison[J].Environ.Pollute,2009,157(3):1873-1878.
[6]SCHNEIDER P,VAN DER A R J.A global single-sensor analysis of 2002-2011 tropospheric nitrogen dioxide trends observed from space[J].Journal of Geophysical Research.,2012,117(D16):D16309-1-D16309-17.
[7]RICHTER A,BURROWS J P,NUB H et al.Increase in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide over China observed from space[J].Nature,2005,437(7055):129-132.
[8]VANDER A R J,PETERS D,ESKES H,et al.Detection of the trend and seasonal variation in tropospheric NO2over China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111(d12):D12317-1~D12317-10.
[9]BOERSMA K F,JACOB D J,ESKES H J,et al.Intercomparison of SCIAMACHY and OMI tropospheric NO2columns:Observing the diurnal evolution of chemistry and emissions from space[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2008,113(d16):D16S26-1~D16S26-14.
[10]TARIQ S,ALI M,MAHMOOD K,et al.A study of tropospheric NO2variability over Pakistan using OMI data[J].Atmospheric Pollution Research,2014,5(4):709-720.
[11]KIM D R,LEE J B,SONG C K,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of tropospheric NO2over Northeast Asia using OMI data during the years 2005-2010[J].Atmospheric Pollution Research,2015,6(5):768-776.
[12]CHAN K L,HARTL A,LAM Y F,et al.Observations of tropospheric NO2using ground based MAX-DOAS and OMI measurements during the Shanghai World Expo 2010[J].Atmospheric Environment,2015,119(Oct.):45-58.
[13]SCHREIER S F,PETERS E,RICHTER A,et al.Ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric NO2and SO2in the South China and Sulu Sea[J].Atmospheric Environment,2015,102(Feb):331-343.
[14]张兴赢,张鹏,张艳,等.近10 a中国对流层NO2的变化趋势、时空分布特征及其来源解析[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37(10):1409-1416.ZHANG X Y,ZHANG P,ZHANG Y,et al.Trends,spatialtemporal distribution and source analysis of NO2in China’s troposphere[J].Chinese Science(Series D),2007,37(10):1409-1416.
[15]王跃启,江洪,张秀英,等.基于OMI卫星遥感数据的中国对流层NO2时空分布[J].环境科学研究,2002,22(8):932-937.WANG Y Q,JIANG H,ZHANG X Y,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of Chinese NO2based on OMI satellite remote sensing data[J].Environmental Science Research,2002,22(8):932-937.
[16]张彦军,牛铮,王力,等.基于OMI卫星数据的城市对流层NO2变化趋势研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2008,24(3):96-99.ZHANG Y J,NIU Z,WANG L,et al.Study on tropospheric NO2change trend in cities using OMI Satellite Data[J].Geography and Geographic Information Science,2008,24(3):96-99.
[17]周春艳,王桥,厉青,等.近10年长江三角洲对流层NO2柱浓度时空变化及影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2016(36):1921-1930.ZHOU C Y,WANG Q,LI Q,et al.Spatio-temporal change and influencing factors of tropospheric NO2column density of Yangtze River Delta in the decade[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016(36):1921-1930.
[18]李凯路,闫瑞峰.2006~2015年山西省对流层NO2时空分布及影响因素[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(4):686-694.LI K L,YAN R F.Spatial-temporal change of tropospheric NO2and analysis of influences over Shanxi province during 2006-2015[J].Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition),2016,39(4):686-694.
[19]胡春梓,袁金国.基于多源卫星遥感数据的河北省对流层NO2柱浓度时空变化[J].科技通报,2016,32(11):30-36.HU C Z,YUAN J G.Spatio-temporal change of NO2column density in Hebei province based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data[J].Science and Technology Bulletin,2016,32(11):30-36.
[20]程念亮,李云婷,张大伟,等.2013-2014年北京市NO2时空分布研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):18-26.CHENG N L,LI Y T,ZHANG D W,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution of NO2during 2013-2014 in Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016,36(1):18-266.
[21]李鹏,肖致美,陈魁,等.基于OMI数据天津市NO2浓度分布特征及其适用性[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(1):183-187.LI P,XIAO Z M,CHEN K,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of tropospheric NO2and its adaptability in Tianjin using OMI satellite remote sensing data[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2016,39(1):183-187.
[22]VANDER A R J,ESKES H J,BOERSMA K F,et al.Trends,seasonal variability and dominant NOXsource derived from a ten year record of NO2measured from space[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2008,113(d4):D04302-1-D04302-12.
[23]WANG T,WEI X L,DING A J,et al.Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China,1994-2007[J].Atmospheric Chemistry Physics,2009,9(16):6216-6226.
[24]HUANG J P,ZHOU C H,LEE X,et al.The effects of rapid urbanization on the levels in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide and ozone over East China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2013,77(10):558-567.
[25]周春艳,厉青,王中挺,等.近10年长三角对流层NO2柱浓度月、季、年遥感监测[J].中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集,2016.ZHOU C Y,LI Q,WANG Z T,et al.The troposphere NO2column concentration month,season and year remote sensing monitoring of Yangtze River Delta in the decade[J].Academic Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Environmental Science,2016.
[26]BOERSMA K F,EAKES H J,DIRKSEN R J,et al.An improved tropospheric NO2column retrieval algorithm for the Ozone Monitoring Instrument[J].Atmos.Meas.Tech.,2011,4(9):1905-1928.
[27]武菁.河北平原区域城市气溶胶光学厚度与基于PM10的空气污染指数关系研究[D].河北师范大学,2011.
[28]高晋徽,朱彬,王言哲,等.2005~2013年中国地区对流层二氧化氮分布及变化趋势[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(8):2307-2318.GAO J H,ZHU B,WANG Y Z,et al.Distribution and longterm variation of tropospheric NO2over China during 2005 to2013[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2015,35(8):2307-2318.
[29]WANG L J.The changes of China’s environmental policies in the latest 30 years[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2010,2:1206-1212.
[30]WANG S X,HAO J M.Air quality management in China:issue,challenge,and options[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2012,24(1):2-13.
[31]ZHAO B,WANG S X,WANG J D,et al.Impact of national NOXand SOXcontrol policies on particulate matter pollution in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2013,77:453-463.
[32]WANG S X,XING J,ZHAO B,et al.Effectiveness of national air pollution control policies on the air quality in metropolitan areas of China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(1):13-22.
[33]FENG L,LIAO W J.Legislation,plants,and policies for prevention and control of air pollution in China:achievement,challenges,and improvements[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2014,26(1):13-22.
[34]游志强,尉鹏,雄辉,等.基于卫星观测的2005-2015年京津冀地区NO2柱浓度分布及变化趋势[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1400-1407.YOU Z Q,WEI P,XIONG H,et al.Spatial and temporal variation of vertical column density of tropospheric NO2over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on satellite observation during 2005-2015[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(10):1400-1407.
[35]孟晓艳,余予,张志富,等.2013年1月京津冀地区强雾霾频发成因初探[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(1):190-194.MENG X Y,Y U Y,ZHANG Z F,et al.Preliminary study of the dense fog and haze events’formation over Beijing-Tianjinand-Hebei Region in January of 2013[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,37(1):190-194.
[36]尉鹏,任阵海,苏福庆,等.中国NO2的季节分布及成因分析[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(2):155-161.WEI P,REN Z H,SU F Q,et al.Seasonal Distribution and Cause Analysis of NO2in China[J].Environmental Science Research,2011,24(2):155-161.
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