西藏则学地区热液脉型铅锌矿S、Pb同位素组成及其对成矿物质来源的启示
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摘要
德新和轧轧龙铅锌矿是冈底斯西段银铅锌多金属成矿带典型的热液脉型铅锌矿床,关于其成矿物质来源及与纳如松多铅锌矿成因联系的研究鲜有开展。本研究利用单矿物和全岩稳定同位素方法对德新和轧轧龙铅锌矿的主要金属硫化物和含矿花岗斑岩进行了S、Pb同位素组成分析和示踪,结果显示德新铅锌矿硫化物δ34SVCDT为3.5‰～7.4‰,平均值为6.1‰;含矿花岗斑岩δ334SVCDT为4.4‰～6.2‰,平均值为5.7‰;轧轧龙铅锌矿金属硫化物δ334SVCDT为2.7‰～8.3‰,平均值为5.1‰;德新和轧轧龙铅锌矿铅同位素比值比较稳定,变化范围基本一致;铅同位素μ值为9.48～9.82,平均值为9.64;△β、△γ变化范围基本一致,均值相差较小,表明则学地区热液脉型铅锌矿金属硫化物和斑岩具有一致的S、Pb同位素组成,铅同位素具正常铅特征;暗示硫源可能主要由花岗岩类提供,铅源则可能主要来自上地壳物质。综合前人研究认为,德新、轧轧龙热液脉型铅锌矿和纳如松多铅锌矿具有一致的硫、铅同位素组成,三者应存在成因上的联系,可能属于同一成矿系统产物;花岗斑岩为则学地区热液脉状铅锌矿化提供了成矿物质。
The Dexin and Zhazhalong Pb-Zn deposits are the representative hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposits in the western part of the Gangdise Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt; nevertheless, the origin of ore-forming materials of the two deposits and their genetic relation with the Narusongduo Pb-Zn deposit remain unknown. A stable isotopic method for single mineral and whole rock was used to measure the S and Pb isotopic composition of the sulfide and ore-bearing granite porphyries from the two deposits and to trace their sources of ore-forming materials. It is shown that the δ34 SVCDTvalues of sulfide and ore-bearing granite porphyry from Dexin and sulfide from Zhazhalong range from 3.5‰ to 7.4‰, from 4.4‰ to 6.2‰, and from 2.7‰ to 8.3‰,with an average being 6.1‰, 5.7% and 5.1%, respectively; the ratios of different lead isotopes in Dexin and Zhazhalong are stable,varying in similar ranges, and the μ values of lead isotope in the two deposits vary from 9.48 to 9.82(9.64 on average) with similar△β, △γ variation ranges and average values, which suggests that the S and Pb isotopic compositions of the sulfide are consistent with those of the ore-bearing granite porphyries in the two deposits with normal lead characteristics, granitoid origin of sulfur isotope and upper crust origin of lead isotope predominately. With comprehensive analysis of geological background and previous researches, it is concluded that the Pb-Zn mineralization in Dexin, Zhazhalong and Narusongduo Pb-Zn deposits may be products of the same metallogenic system with consistent sulfur and lead isotopic characteristics, and the granite porphyries might have supplied ore-forming materials for the hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposits in Zexue area.
The Dexin and Zhazhalong Pb-Zn deposits are the representative hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposits in the western part of the Gangdise Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt; nevertheless, the origin of ore-forming materials of the two deposits and their genetic relation with the Narusongduo Pb-Zn deposit remain unknown. A stable isotopic method for single mineral and whole rock was used to measure the S and Pb isotopic composition of the sulfide and ore-bearing granite porphyries from the two deposits and to trace their sources of ore-forming materials. It is shown that the δ34 SVCDTvalues of sulfide and ore-bearing granite porphyry from Dexin and sulfide from Zhazhalong range from 3.5‰ to 7.4‰, from 4.4‰ to 6.2‰, and from 2.7‰ to 8.3‰,with an average being 6.1‰, 5.7% and 5.1%, respectively; the ratios of different lead isotopes in Dexin and Zhazhalong are stable,varying in similar ranges, and the μ values of lead isotope in the two deposits vary from 9.48 to 9.82(9.64 on average) with similar△β, △γ variation ranges and average values, which suggests that the S and Pb isotopic compositions of the sulfide are consistent with those of the ore-bearing granite porphyries in the two deposits with normal lead characteristics, granitoid origin of sulfur isotope and upper crust origin of lead isotope predominately. With comprehensive analysis of geological background and previous researches, it is concluded that the Pb-Zn mineralization in Dexin, Zhazhalong and Narusongduo Pb-Zn deposits may be products of the same metallogenic system with consistent sulfur and lead isotopic characteristics, and the granite porphyries might have supplied ore-forming materials for the hydrothermal vein type lead-zinc deposits in Zexue area.
引文
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Ji Xianhua,Meng Xiangjin,Yang Zhusen,Zhang Qian,Tian Shihong,Li Zhenqing,Liu Yingchao,Yu Yushuai.2014.The Ar-Ar geochronology of sericite from the cryptoexplosive breccia type Pb-Zn deposit in Narusongduo,Tibet and its geological significance[J].Geology and Exploration,50(2):281-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ji Xianhua,Yang Zhusen,Yu Yushuai,Shen Junfeng,Tian Shihong,Meng Xiangjin,Li Zhenqing,Liu Yingchao.2012.Formation mechanism of magmatic rocks in Narusongduo lead-zinc deposit of Tibet:evidence from magmatic zircon[J].Mineral Deposits,31(4):758-774(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ke Xianzhong,Long Wenguo,Zhou Dai,Wang Jing Zhong Shiyu.2017.Metallogenesis in the main collisional period in midwestern Gangdise:zircon U-Pb geochronology of the granite porphyry in Dexin deposit,Tibet[J].Geological Bulletin of China,36(5):772-779(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Yun,Zhao Yuanyi.2014.Lead isotopes in the sulfide ores from the Shesuo and Lawu copper deposits,northern Xizang[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,34(3):96-105(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Yingchao,Ji Xianhua,Hou Zengqian,Tian Shihong,Li Zhenqing,Zhao Xiaoyan,Zhou Jinsheng,Ma Wang,Yang Zhusen.2015.The establishment of an independent Pb-Zn mineralization system related to magmatism:A case study of the Narusongduo Pb-Zn deposit in Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,34(4):539-556(in Chinese with English abstract).
Long Tao.2013.Geochronology and Geochemistry of Late Cretaceous Acid Intrusive Rocks in Zexue Area,Tibet[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Yuanfa.2004.Geokit:A geochemical toolkit for microsoft excel[J].Geochimica,33(5):459-464(in Chinese with English abstract).
Meng Xiangjin.2004.The Metallogeny of the Miocene Gangdese Porphyry Copper Belt in Tibetan Collisional Orogen[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ohmoto H,Rye R O.1979.Isotopes of sulfur and carbon[C]//Barnes H(ed.).Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits.New York:John Wiley&Sons,509-567.
Ohmoto H.1972.Systematics of sulfur and carbon isotope in hydrothermal ore deposits[J].Economic Geology,67:551-579.
Shen Weizhou,Huang Yaosheng.1987.Stable Isotope Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,1-56(in Chinese).
Wei Juying,Wang Guanyu.1988.Isotope Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,153-165(in Chinese).
Wu Kaixing,Hu Ruizhong,Bi Xianwu,Peng Jiantang,Tang Qunli.2002.Ore lead isotopes as a tracer for ore-forming material sources:a review[J].Geology-Geochemistry,30(3):73-81(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Bin,Chen Zhengle,Zhang Qing,Zhou Zhenju,Han Fengbin,Zhang Wengao,Ma Ji,Zhang Tao.2018.Geological characteristics and sulfur and lead isotopes of the Kanling lead-zinc deposit,Southern Tianshan Mountains[J].Geology in China,45(1):155-167(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Yong,Luo Taiyi,Huang Zhilong,Yang Zhusen,Tian Shihong,Qian Zhikuan.2010a.Sulfur and lead isotope compositions of the Narusongduo silver zinc-lead deposit in Tibet:implications for the sources of plutons and metals in the deposit[J].Acta Mineralogical Sinica,30(3):311-318(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Yong,Luo Taiyi,Yang Zhusen,Huang Zhilong,Tian Shihong,Qian Zhikuan.2010b.A comparison of porphyries between PbZn-Ag metallogenic system and Cu-Mo-Au metallogenic system in Gangdese orogen,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,29(2):195-206(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zang Wenshuan,Meng Xiangjin,Yang Zhusen,Ye Peisheng.2007.Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Gangdise metallogenic belt,Tibet,China,and its geological significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,26(10):1393-1397(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zartman R E,Doe B R.1981.Plumbotectonics-the model[J].Tectonophysics,75:135-162.
Zhang Ligang.1988.Lead isotopic compositions of feldspar and ore and their geologic significance[J].Mineral Deposits,7(2):55-64.
Zhao Ping,Xie Ejun,Duoji,Jin Jian,Hu Xiancai,Du Shaoping,Yao Zhonghua.2002.Geochemical characteristics of geothermal gases and their geological implications in Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,18(4):539-550(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng Minghua,Zhang Shouting,Liu Jiajun,Long Xunrong,Song Xieyan.2001.Geochemical Background and Metallogenic Mechanism of MuRunTau Type Gold Ore Deposits in Southwest Tianshan[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,84-89(in Chinese).
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