Preparation and property of CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites
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摘要
A sol-gel freezing-drying method was utilized to prepare energetic nanocomposites based on 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20) with 3, 3-Bis(azidomethyl) oxetanetetrahydrofuran copolymer(BAMO-THF) as energetic gel matrix. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and differential thermal analyser(DTA) were utilized to characterize the structure and property of the resultant energetic nanocomposites. Compared with raw CL-20, the average particle sizes of CL-20 in CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites were decreased to nano scale and the morphologies of CL-20 were also changed from prismatic to spherical. FT-IR detection revealed that CL-20 particles were recrystallized in BAMO-THF gel matrix during the freezing-drying process. The thermal decomposition behaviors of the energetic nanocomposites were investigated as well. The thermolysis process of CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites was enhanced and the activation energy was lower compared with that of raw CL-20,indicating that CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites showed high thermolysis activity. The impact sensitivity tests indicated that CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites presented low sensitivity performance.
A sol-gel freezing-drying method was utilized to prepare energetic nanocomposites based on 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20) with 3, 3-Bis(azidomethyl) oxetanetetrahydrofuran copolymer(BAMO-THF) as energetic gel matrix. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and differential thermal analyser(DTA) were utilized to characterize the structure and property of the resultant energetic nanocomposites. Compared with raw CL-20, the average particle sizes of CL-20 in CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites were decreased to nano scale and the morphologies of CL-20 were also changed from prismatic to spherical. FT-IR detection revealed that CL-20 particles were recrystallized in BAMO-THF gel matrix during the freezing-drying process. The thermal decomposition behaviors of the energetic nanocomposites were investigated as well. The thermolysis process of CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites was enhanced and the activation energy was lower compared with that of raw CL-20,indicating that CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites showed high thermolysis activity. The impact sensitivity tests indicated that CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites presented low sensitivity performance.
A sol-gel freezing-drying method was utilized to prepare energetic nanocomposites based on 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20) with 3, 3-Bis(azidomethyl) oxetanetetrahydrofuran copolymer(BAMO-THF) as energetic gel matrix. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and differential thermal analyser(DTA) were utilized to characterize the structure and property of the resultant energetic nanocomposites. Compared with raw CL-20, the average particle sizes of CL-20 in CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites were decreased to nano scale and the morphologies of CL-20 were also changed from prismatic to spherical. FT-IR detection revealed that CL-20 particles were recrystallized in BAMO-THF gel matrix during the freezing-drying process. The thermal decomposition behaviors of the energetic nanocomposites were investigated as well. The thermolysis process of CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites was enhanced and the activation energy was lower compared with that of raw CL-20,indicating that CL-20/BAMO-THF nanocomposites showed high thermolysis activity. The impact sensitivity tests indicated that CL-20/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites presented low sensitivity performance.
引文
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[18]Mohan YM,Raju KM,Sreedhar B.Synthesis and characterization of glycidyl azide polymer with enhanced azide content.Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 2006;55:441e55.
[19]You JS,Kang SC,Kweon SK,Kim HL,Ahn YH,Noh ST.Thermal decomposition kinetics of GAP ETPE/RDX-based solid propellant.Thermochim Acta2012;537:51e6.
[20]Liu K,Zhang G,Luan JY,Chen ZQ,Su PF,Shu YJ.Crystal structure,spectrum character and explosive property of a new cocrystal CL-20/DNT.J Mol Struct2016;1110:91e6.
[21]Chen T,Li WH,Jiang W,Hao GZ,Xiao L,Xiang K,Liu J,Gao H.Preparation and characterization of RDX/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites.J Energetic Mater 2018.https://doi.org/10.1080/07370652.2018.1473900.
[22]Chen T,Jiang W,Du P,Liu J,Hao GZ,Gao H,Xiao L,Xiang K.Facile preparation of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane/Glycidylazide polymer energetic nanocomposites with enhanced thermolysis activity and low impact sensitivity.RSC Adv 2017;7:5957e65.
[23]Kissinger HE.Reaction kinetics in differential thermal analysis.Anal Chem1957;29:1702e6.
[24]Sovizi MR,Hajimirsadeghi SS,Naderizadeh B.Effect of particle size on thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose.J Hazard Mater 2009;168:1134e9.
[25]Zhang T,Hu R,Xie Y,Li F.The estimation of critical temperatures of thermal explosion for energetic materials using non-isothermal DSC.Thermochim Acta 1994;244:171e6.
[2]Qiu H,Patel RB,Damavarapu RS,Stepanov V.Nanoscale 2CL-20$HMX high explosive cocrystal synthesized by bead milling.CrystEngComm 2015;17:4080e3.
[3]Zhu YF,Lu YW,Gao B,Wang DJ,Yang GC,Guo CP.Ultrasonic-assisted emulsion synthesis of well-distributed spherical composite CL-20@PNA with enhanced high sensitivity.Mater Lett 2017;205:94e7.
[4]Tillotson TM,Gash AE,Simpson RL.Nanostructured energetic materials using sol-gel methodologie.J Non-Cryst Solids 2000;285:338e45.
[5]Lan YF,Jin MM,Luo YJ.Preparation and characterization of graphene aerogel/Fe2O3/ammonium perchlorate nanostructured energetic composite.J Sol Gel Sci Technol 2015;74:161e7.
[6]Chen RJ,Luo YJ,Sun J,Li GP.Preparation and properties of an AP/RDX/SiO2nanocomposite energetic material by the sol-gel method.Propellants,Explos Pyrotech 2012;37:422e6.
[7]Cudzilo S,Kicinski W.Preparation and characterization of energetic nanocomposites of organic gel-inorganic oxidizers.Propellants,Explos Pyrotech2009;34:155e60.
[8]Lan YF,Wang X,Luo YJ.Preparation and characterization of GA/RDX nanostructured energetic composites.Bull Mater Sci 2016;39:1e7.
[9]Wang XB,Li JQ,Luo YJ,Huang MH.A novel ammonium perchlorate/graphene aerogel nanostructured energetic composite:preparation and thermal decomposition.Sci Adv Mater 2014;6:530e7.
[10]Wang Y,Song XL,Song D,Jiang W,Liu HY,Li FS.A versatile methodology using sol-gel,supercritical extraction,and etching to fabricate a nitroamine explosive:nanometer HNIW.J Energetic Mater 2013;31:49e59.
[11]Song XL,Li FS,Zhang JL.Preparation,mechanical sensitivity and thermal decomposition characteristics of RDX nanoparticles.Chin J Explos Propellants2008;31:1e4.
[12]Li GP,Shen LH,Zheng BM,Xia M,Luo YJ.The preparation and properties of AP-based nano-limit growth energetic materials.Adv Mater Res 2014;924:105e9.
[13]Chen RJ,Luo YJ,Sun J.Preparation and properties of an AP/RDX/SiO2nanocomposite energetic material by the sol-gel method.Propellants,Explos Pyrotech 2012;37:422e6.
[14]Jin MM,Luo YJ.Preparation and characterization of RF/AP nanocomposites.Chin J Explos Propellants 2012;35:65e9.
[15]Nie FD,Zhang J,Guo QX,Qiao ZQ.Sol-gel synthesis of nanocomposite crystalline HMX/AP coated by resorcinol-formaldehyde.J Phys Chem Solid2010;71:109e13.
[16]Wang Y,Song XL,Song D,Liang L,An CW,Wang JY.Synthesis,thermolysis,and sensitivities of HMX/NC energetic nanocomposites.J Hazard Mater2016;312:73e83.
[17]Li GP,Liu MH,Zhang R,Shen LH,Liu YZ,Luo YJ.Synthesis and properties of RDX/GAP nano-composite energetic materials.Colloid Polym Sci 2015;293:2269e79.
[18]Mohan YM,Raju KM,Sreedhar B.Synthesis and characterization of glycidyl azide polymer with enhanced azide content.Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 2006;55:441e55.
[19]You JS,Kang SC,Kweon SK,Kim HL,Ahn YH,Noh ST.Thermal decomposition kinetics of GAP ETPE/RDX-based solid propellant.Thermochim Acta2012;537:51e6.
[20]Liu K,Zhang G,Luan JY,Chen ZQ,Su PF,Shu YJ.Crystal structure,spectrum character and explosive property of a new cocrystal CL-20/DNT.J Mol Struct2016;1110:91e6.
[21]Chen T,Li WH,Jiang W,Hao GZ,Xiao L,Xiang K,Liu J,Gao H.Preparation and characterization of RDX/BAMO-THF energetic nanocomposites.J Energetic Mater 2018.https://doi.org/10.1080/07370652.2018.1473900.
[22]Chen T,Jiang W,Du P,Liu J,Hao GZ,Gao H,Xiao L,Xiang K.Facile preparation of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane/Glycidylazide polymer energetic nanocomposites with enhanced thermolysis activity and low impact sensitivity.RSC Adv 2017;7:5957e65.
[23]Kissinger HE.Reaction kinetics in differential thermal analysis.Anal Chem1957;29:1702e6.
[24]Sovizi MR,Hajimirsadeghi SS,Naderizadeh B.Effect of particle size on thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose.J Hazard Mater 2009;168:1134e9.
[25]Zhang T,Hu R,Xie Y,Li F.The estimation of critical temperatures of thermal explosion for energetic materials using non-isothermal DSC.Thermochim Acta 1994;244:171e6.