2017年西安新城区200例不同胎次新生儿母乳喂养情况调查
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摘要
目的研究2017年西安新城区不同胎次新生儿母乳喂养的现状以及影响因素。方法随机选取该地区登记的2017年出生的无先天性疾病的二胎的健康母亲进行调查。采用问卷调查的方式,分析一胎和二胎的纯母乳喂养比例、时间以及采用其他喂养方式的原因,分析母乳喂养的影响因素,采用SPSS 20.0进行t检验、x~2检验与Kappa一致性检验。结果经产妇对一胎和二胎6个月内喂养方式一致性较低(Kappa=0.301,P<0.05),喂养方式差异有统计学意义(x~2=22.353,P<0.05);二胎的纯母乳喂养(EBF)和母乳喂养的持续时间高于一胎(P<0.05);终止母乳喂养的4个主要原因为奶水不足、认为母乳喂养营养不足、工作限制和妈妈身体原因。结论该地区二胎母乳喂养情况明显优于一胎,应针对喂养方式存在问题者加强教育,促进母婴健康。
Objective To study the current situation and influencing factors of breast-feeding among newborns of different parities in the new city zone of Xi'an in 2017. Methods The healthy mothers who gave the birth of second child and the babies were registered without congenital diseases in this area were random selected and investigated. Questionnaire survey was used to analyze the proportion and the time of exclusive breastfeeding, the reasons for using other feeding methods,influencing factors of breast-feeding. SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for t-test, chi-square test and kappa test. Results There was a low consistency in the 6 month feeding pattern of the first and second infants(Kappa=0.301, P<0.05). The difference of feeding pattern was statistical significant(χ~2=22.353,P<0.05). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) and breastfeeding for the second child was significantly higher than that for the first child(P<0.05). The four main reasons for termination of breastfeeding were insufficient milk, nutrition was lacked, time was occupied by work,and physical causes of mothers. Conclusion The situation of breastfeeding of the second child in this area is obviously better than that of the first child. Education about feeding methods should be strengthened to improve the health situation of mother and infant.
Objective To study the current situation and influencing factors of breast-feeding among newborns of different parities in the new city zone of Xi'an in 2017. Methods The healthy mothers who gave the birth of second child and the babies were registered without congenital diseases in this area were random selected and investigated. Questionnaire survey was used to analyze the proportion and the time of exclusive breastfeeding, the reasons for using other feeding methods,influencing factors of breast-feeding. SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for t-test, chi-square test and kappa test. Results There was a low consistency in the 6 month feeding pattern of the first and second infants(Kappa=0.301, P<0.05). The difference of feeding pattern was statistical significant(χ~2=22.353,P<0.05). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) and breastfeeding for the second child was significantly higher than that for the first child(P<0.05). The four main reasons for termination of breastfeeding were insufficient milk, nutrition was lacked, time was occupied by work,and physical causes of mothers. Conclusion The situation of breastfeeding of the second child in this area is obviously better than that of the first child. Education about feeding methods should be strengthened to improve the health situation of mother and infant.
引文
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[12]吴缃琦,孙晓勉,何珊茹.6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2017,25(1):90-93.
[13]Islam MJ,Baird K,Mazerolle P,et al.Exploring the influence of psychosocial factors on exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh[J]. Archives of Womens Mental Health,2017,20(1):173-188.
[14]李聪睿,杜亚平.二孩政策下经产妇不同胎次母乳喂养及母婴保健服务的定量研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(29):3659-3664.
[15]勾宝华.二胎孕妇母乳喂养认知、态度现状及知识需求调查[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(13):1801-1803.
[2]Vafa M,Heshmati J,Sadeghi H,et al. Is exclusive breastfeeding and its duration related to cardio respiratory fitness in childhood?[J]. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2015,29(3):461-465.
[3]Victora CG,Bahl R,Barros AJ,et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century:epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect.[J]. Lancet,2016,387(10017):475-490.
[4]郭俊彩,伍东红,张贤,等.“全面两孩”政策下二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2018(1):47-50.
[5]国务院.中国儿童发展纲要(2011-2020年)[M].北京:人民出版社,2011:4-4.
[6]陈子江.“二孩”生育政策后再生育的临床思考[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2017,55(1):1-4.
[7]周红女,旷洋,侯达,等.长沙市母乳喂养现状及主要影响因素研究[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(2):210-212.
[8]王爱,张丽萍,王丽颖,等.母婴自媒体健康教育对初产妇母乳喂养效果影响研究[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(6):710-712.
[9]杨励勤,陈华盈.低频脉冲理疗联合催乳剂促进产后乳汁分泌的临床观察[J].中医药导报,2017,23(4):93-95.
[10]刘爱珍,王建宁,鲍梦婕,等.母乳喂养自我效能及其影响因素研究进展[J].中国护理管理,2014,14(6):665-667.
[11]黄翠琴,韩微,樊雅静.二胎产妇母乳喂养自我效能现状及其影响因素[J].解放军护理杂志,2017(24):24-27.
[12]吴缃琦,孙晓勉,何珊茹.6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2017,25(1):90-93.
[13]Islam MJ,Baird K,Mazerolle P,et al.Exploring the influence of psychosocial factors on exclusive breastfeeding in Bangladesh[J]. Archives of Womens Mental Health,2017,20(1):173-188.
[14]李聪睿,杜亚平.二孩政策下经产妇不同胎次母乳喂养及母婴保健服务的定量研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(29):3659-3664.
[15]勾宝华.二胎孕妇母乳喂养认知、态度现状及知识需求调查[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(13):1801-1803.