TBS技术控制广东省农区害鼠的可行性研究
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摘要
为降低化学防治带来的杀鼠剂生态风险,针对广东省农区的害鼠发生动态和生境特征,对国内外兴起的围栏捕鼠技术(TBS)进行优化设计,并在广东省江门市新会区开展农区灭鼠试验。结果表明:排灌渠、机耕路两侧和高大田埂的百米有效鼠洞口数分别为36.2(±6.77)个、37.4(±6.39)个和17.3(±4.13)个,是农田害鼠的主要栖息地和TBS围栏的布放地点;将围栏洞口改为10 cm×12 cm的方形口、并在围栏顶部及洞口周边加装挡鼠片后,TBS围栏每月平均捕鼠10.00(±1.12)只,8个月捕获害鼠的总生物量为7 898.0 g,均明显高于常规TBS试验区;应用优化的TBS技术后,鼠密度降低75.11%,水稻鼠害率为1.23%,控害效果略低于化学灭鼠但具有显著的生态意义。
In order to reduce the ecological risk of rodenticide caused by chemical control,and aiming at the occurrence dynamics and habitat characteristics of agricultural rodents in Guangdong Province,the emerging TBS at home and abroad was optimized,and the rodent control test was carried out in Xinhui District of Jiangmen City,Guangdong province. The results showed that the number of effective burrow per hundred metres in the drainage channel,two sides of the ploughing road and the high ridge was 36.2±6.77,37.4±6.39 and 17.3±4.13 respectively. These places were the main habitats of the farmland rodents and the place position of TBS.After changing the entrance of the fence into square with 10 cm×12 cm,and adding rat blocking tablet on the top of the fence and the surrounding of the fence hole,the average number of rats trapped in the TBS fence was 10.00±1.12 each month,and the total biomass was 7 898.0 g in eight months,which was obviously higher than that of the conventional TBS test area. After applying optimized TBS technology,the rodent density decreased by 75.11%,and the rodent damage rate of rice was 1.23%. The control effect was slightly lower than that of chemical control,but it had significant ecological significance.
In order to reduce the ecological risk of rodenticide caused by chemical control,and aiming at the occurrence dynamics and habitat characteristics of agricultural rodents in Guangdong Province,the emerging TBS at home and abroad was optimized,and the rodent control test was carried out in Xinhui District of Jiangmen City,Guangdong province. The results showed that the number of effective burrow per hundred metres in the drainage channel,two sides of the ploughing road and the high ridge was 36.2±6.77,37.4±6.39 and 17.3±4.13 respectively. These places were the main habitats of the farmland rodents and the place position of TBS.After changing the entrance of the fence into square with 10 cm×12 cm,and adding rat blocking tablet on the top of the fence and the surrounding of the fence hole,the average number of rats trapped in the TBS fence was 10.00±1.12 each month,and the total biomass was 7 898.0 g in eight months,which was obviously higher than that of the conventional TBS test area. After applying optimized TBS technology,the rodent density decreased by 75.11%,and the rodent damage rate of rice was 1.23%. The control effect was slightly lower than that of chemical control,but it had significant ecological significance.
引文
[1]黄秀清,冯志勇.我国农田鼠害防治现状及今后的防治对策[J].中国农业科技导报,2001(5):71-75.
[2]黄秀清,冯志勇,颜世祥,等.珠江三角洲作物结构变动与害鼠可持续控制技术研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(2):31-34.
[3]姚丹丹,隋晶晶,刘明津,等.农村城镇化对鼠类群落结构的影响研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(6):518-520,561.
[4]冯志勇,姚丹丹,黄立胜,等.黄毛鼠对第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂的抗药性监测[J].植物保护学报,2007,34(4):420-424.
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[9]梁红春,兰璞,郭永旺.围栏捕鼠技术在天津地区应用研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(2):145-147.
[10]郭永旺,张振铎,李国忠,等.围栏陷阱(TBS)捕鼠技术对玉米田害鼠的防治效果及鼠害产量损失研究初报[J].中国植保导刊,2011,31(10):20-22.
[11]杨再学,郭永旺,金星,等.TBS技术监测及控制农田害鼠效果初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2012,31(4):301-306.
[12]潘世昌,李梅,宋致书,等.不同安装方式TBS围栏控制农田害鼠效果比较[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(5):27-29.
[13]Wang D,Li Q X,Li K,et al.Modified trap barrier system for the management of rodents in maize fields in Jilin Province,China[J].Crop Protection,2017,98:172-178.
[14]黄立胜,姚丹丹,黄军定,等.瓦筒毒饵站的应用研究[J].广东农业科学,2008(8):86-88.
[15]姚丹丹,黄立胜,邱俊荣,等.板齿鼠(Bandicota indica)的生物学特性及防治对策[J].广东农业科学,2006(5):52-54.
[16]姚丹丹,梁文立,隋晶晶,等.广东农区鼠情调查及两种调查方法的比较研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2013,24(6):509-511.
[17]冯志勇,帅应垣,黄秀清,等.不同害鼠为害水稻的鼠害分布型及抽样技术研究[J].广东农业科学,1989(6):39-41.
[18]高志祥,林伟松,冯志勇,等.广东省作物种植区害鼠群落结构调查研究[J].中国植保导刊,2011,31(6):35-37.
[19]黄秀清,冯志勇,颜世祥,等.黄毛鼠种群空间格局的研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(4):46-48.
[20]黄秀清,冯志勇,杨见亮,等.农田害鼠生境选择及防治对策研究[J].广东农业科学,2006(2):48-50.
[2]黄秀清,冯志勇,颜世祥,等.珠江三角洲作物结构变动与害鼠可持续控制技术研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(2):31-34.
[3]姚丹丹,隋晶晶,刘明津,等.农村城镇化对鼠类群落结构的影响研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(6):518-520,561.
[4]冯志勇,姚丹丹,黄立胜,等.黄毛鼠对第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂的抗药性监测[J].植物保护学报,2007,34(4):420-424.
[5]Singleton G R,Sudar maji,Jacob J,et al.I nteg r ate d ma n a gement to re duce r o dent damage to lowland rice crops in Indonesia[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2005,107(1):75-82.
[6]Singlet on G R,Sudar maji,Brown P R.Comparison of different sizes of physical barriers for controlling the impact of the rice field rat,Rattus argentiventer,in rice crops in Indonesia[J].Crop Protection,2003,22:7-13.
[7]Singleton G R,Sudarmaji,Suriapermana S.An experimental field study to evaluate a trap-barrier system and fumigation for controlling the rice field rat,Rattus argentiventer,in rice crops in West Java[J].Crop Protection,1998,17(1):55-64.
[8]Brown P R,Tuan N P,Singleton G R,et al.Ecologically based management of rodents in the real world:Applied to a mixed agroecosystem in Vietnam[J].Ecological Applications,2006,16(5):2000-2010.
[9]梁红春,兰璞,郭永旺.围栏捕鼠技术在天津地区应用研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(2):145-147.
[10]郭永旺,张振铎,李国忠,等.围栏陷阱(TBS)捕鼠技术对玉米田害鼠的防治效果及鼠害产量损失研究初报[J].中国植保导刊,2011,31(10):20-22.
[11]杨再学,郭永旺,金星,等.TBS技术监测及控制农田害鼠效果初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2012,31(4):301-306.
[12]潘世昌,李梅,宋致书,等.不同安装方式TBS围栏控制农田害鼠效果比较[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(5):27-29.
[13]Wang D,Li Q X,Li K,et al.Modified trap barrier system for the management of rodents in maize fields in Jilin Province,China[J].Crop Protection,2017,98:172-178.
[14]黄立胜,姚丹丹,黄军定,等.瓦筒毒饵站的应用研究[J].广东农业科学,2008(8):86-88.
[15]姚丹丹,黄立胜,邱俊荣,等.板齿鼠(Bandicota indica)的生物学特性及防治对策[J].广东农业科学,2006(5):52-54.
[16]姚丹丹,梁文立,隋晶晶,等.广东农区鼠情调查及两种调查方法的比较研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2013,24(6):509-511.
[17]冯志勇,帅应垣,黄秀清,等.不同害鼠为害水稻的鼠害分布型及抽样技术研究[J].广东农业科学,1989(6):39-41.
[18]高志祥,林伟松,冯志勇,等.广东省作物种植区害鼠群落结构调查研究[J].中国植保导刊,2011,31(6):35-37.
[19]黄秀清,冯志勇,颜世祥,等.黄毛鼠种群空间格局的研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(4):46-48.
[20]黄秀清,冯志勇,杨见亮,等.农田害鼠生境选择及防治对策研究[J].广东农业科学,2006(2):48-50.