TC4钛合金斜轧穿孔曼内斯曼效应及顶头位置优化
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摘要
利用有限元模拟技术分析了斜轧穿孔过程,结果表明:锥形辊比桶形辊穿孔的曼内斯曼效应更为强烈,TC4钛合金比碳钢穿孔的工件心部可产生更大的拉应力;当采用送进角为12°、直径压下率为12%、辗轧角为15°、轧辊转速为70 r·min-1以及顶前压下率为8.2%等参数锥形辊斜轧穿孔TC4钛合金时,坯料心部曼内斯曼效应最为显著,拉应力最大,可最大程度降低穿孔阻力,从而减小温升;采用该优化工艺,变形区变形温度为972～997℃,分布较理想,可获得TC4钛合金双态组织。经穿孔试验验证,获得了TC4钛合金双态组织厚壁管,且管内外表面光滑,尺寸精度较高。
The cross piercing process was analyzed by finite element method,the results show that Mannesmann effect in cone-type piercing is more active than that in barrel-type piercing,and the core of part formed of TC4 titanium alloy has greater tensile stress than that formed of carbon steel.When TC4 titanium alloy is cross pierced using cone-type piecing with the parameters of feed angle 12°,diameter reduction rate 12%,cross angle 15°,rotating speed of the rollers 70 r·min-1 and plug diameter reduction ratio 8.2%,the billet core has the greatest Mannesmann effect,and the tensile stress reaches the maximum to reduce the piercing resistance at the most extent,then the temperature rise can be decreased.With this optimization process,the deformation temperature in deformation zone is 972-997 ℃with ideal distribution,and the duplex microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy can be obtained.Verified by piercing test,the TC4 thick-walled tube with duplex microstructure was obtained,and the inner and outer surfaces of the tube are smooth with high dimensional accuracy.
The cross piercing process was analyzed by finite element method,the results show that Mannesmann effect in cone-type piercing is more active than that in barrel-type piercing,and the core of part formed of TC4 titanium alloy has greater tensile stress than that formed of carbon steel.When TC4 titanium alloy is cross pierced using cone-type piecing with the parameters of feed angle 12°,diameter reduction rate 12%,cross angle 15°,rotating speed of the rollers 70 r·min-1 and plug diameter reduction ratio 8.2%,the billet core has the greatest Mannesmann effect,and the tensile stress reaches the maximum to reduce the piercing resistance at the most extent,then the temperature rise can be decreased.With this optimization process,the deformation temperature in deformation zone is 972-997 ℃with ideal distribution,and the duplex microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy can be obtained.Verified by piercing test,the TC4 thick-walled tube with duplex microstructure was obtained,and the inner and outer surfaces of the tube are smooth with high dimensional accuracy.
引文
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[18]何伟,杜小平,马红征,等.TC4钛合金相变温度的测定与分析[J].理化检验-物理分册,2014,50(7):461-464.HE Wei,DU Xiaoping,MA Hongzheng,et al.Measurement and analysis of phase transformation temperature of TC4 titanium alloy[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing,2014,50(7):461-464.
[2]GHIOTTI A,FANINI S,BRUSCHI S,et al.Modelling of the Mannesmann effect[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2009,58(1):255-258.
[3]JOUN M,LEE J,CHO J,et al.Quantitative study on Mannesmann effect in roll piercing of hollow shaft[J].Procedia Engineering,2014,81:197-202.
[4]CERETTI E,GIARDINI C,BRISOTTO F.2D Simulation and validation of rotary tube piercing process[C]//American Institute of Physics,2004.
[5]侯凤桐.日本住友金属公司开发的菌式穿孔机[J].钢管,1985,(2):59-68,85.
[6]CHIHIRO H,MASAYOSHI A,TOMIO Y.Advancements in conetype rotary piercing technology[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1999,121:313-318.
[7]KAZUTAKE K,KOUTA M.Study on plastic deformation in conetype rotary piercing process using model piercing mill for modeling clay[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(11):4994-5001.
[8]马小菊,曲恒磊,李明强,等.高标准纯钛(Gr.2)斜轧穿孔管的冷加工技术[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(12):2242-2245.MA Xiaoju,QU Henglei,LI Mingqiang,et al.Cola processing technology of high-specification pure titanium(Gr.2)cross boring tube[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(12):2242-2245.
[9]庞继明,肖雅静,曲恒磊,等.不同方法制备的钛及钛合金管坯组织与性能研究[J].钛工业进展,2010,27(4):34-36.PANG Jiming,XIAO Yajing,QU Henglei,et al.Study on microstructure and properties of titanium and titanium alloy tube blanks manufactured by different methods[J].Titanium Industry Progress,2010,27(4):34-36.
[10]袁红军,李永林,赵洪章,等.TA18钛合金管冷轧开裂原因分析[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(23):163-165.YUAN Hongjun,LI Yonglin,ZHAO Hongzhang,et al.Crack reason analysis of TA18 titanium alloy tube in cold rolling[J].Hot Working Technology,2014,43(23):163-165.
[11]肖雅静,徐先泽,张树启,等.斜轧穿孔法制备TC4合金管坯[J].中国材料进展,2008,27(1):29-32.XIAO Yajing,XU Xianze,ZHANG Shuqi,et al.TC4 titanium alloy seamless blooms made by rotary piercing[J].Materials China,2008,27(1):29-32.
[12]毛飞龙,双远华,王清华,等.钢管斜连轧工艺参数对轧制力及荒管尺寸精度的影响[J].塑性工程学报,2018,25(3):108-114.MAO Feilong,SHUANG Yuanhua,WANG Qinghua,et al.Effect of process parameters on rolling force and dimensional precision of tubes rolled by tandem skew rolling process[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2018,25(3):108-114.
[13]CAPOFERRI G,CERETTI E,GIARDINI C,et al.FEM analysis of rotary tube piercing process[J].Tube&Pipe Technology,2002,15(3):55-58.
[14]赵振铎,邵明志,张召铎.金属塑性成形中的摩擦与润滑[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.ZHAO Zhenduo,SHAO Mingzhi,ZHANG Zhaoduo.Friction and lubrication in metal plastic forming[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2004.
[15]LU L,WANG Z X,WANG F Z,et al.Simulation of tube forming process in Mannesmann mill[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Science),2011,16(3):281-285.
[16]田党,李群.孔腔、离层与扭转变形---关于二辊斜轧桶形辊穿孔机与锥形辊穿孔机的讨论[J].钢管,2012,41(6):63-68.TIAN Dang,LI Qun.Cavity,lamination and torsional deformation-A discussion on 2-roll barrel type piercer and cone type piercer[J].Steel Pipe,2012,41(6):63-68.
[17]HAYASHI C,UTAKOJI M,YOSHIOKA K.Developmet of sumitomo super rotary piercing mill and comprehensive manufacturing technology of seamless steel tube[C]//The 3rd International Conference on Steel Rolling.Tokyo,1985:57-62.
[18]何伟,杜小平,马红征,等.TC4钛合金相变温度的测定与分析[J].理化检验-物理分册,2014,50(7):461-464.HE Wei,DU Xiaoping,MA Hongzheng,et al.Measurement and analysis of phase transformation temperature of TC4 titanium alloy[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing,2014,50(7):461-464.