老井重复压裂效果评价
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摘要
针对长庆油田部分老井重复压裂改造后产量仍无明显提升的问题,采用微地震井中监测技术,分析区域应力与裂缝产生方向,从转向技术、定向射孔技术的应用等方面评价老井重复压裂效果。研究认为,由于长期注采使老井局部应力发生改变,需对应力方向有清晰的认识,再选择合适的压裂方案;而老井重复压裂所采取的添加暂堵剂、定向射孔等压裂方式均能在射孔点附近对压裂裂缝形成一定的转向效果,但距射孔点较远的区域,裂缝仍主要沿最大主应力方向扩展。该认识为老井重复压裂工艺的优化提供指导。
The oil and gas production from some old wells in Changqing Oilfield has not significantly increased after the re-fracturing.To understand this issue,we use microseismic monitoring to analyze repeated fracturing effects.We evaluate re-fracturing effects based on local stress rather than the steering and perforation.The local stress of old wells changes with long-term injection.It is necessary to have an understanding of the stress direction changes and then choose the appropriate fracturing scheme.The temporary plugging agent and directional perforation used in the old well can form certain turning effects on fractures near the perforation point,but in an area far from the perforation point,the fracture still extends along the direction of the maximum principal stress.This understanding provides guidance for the repeated fracturing optimization of old wells.
The oil and gas production from some old wells in Changqing Oilfield has not significantly increased after the re-fracturing.To understand this issue,we use microseismic monitoring to analyze repeated fracturing effects.We evaluate re-fracturing effects based on local stress rather than the steering and perforation.The local stress of old wells changes with long-term injection.It is necessary to have an understanding of the stress direction changes and then choose the appropriate fracturing scheme.The temporary plugging agent and directional perforation used in the old well can form certain turning effects on fractures near the perforation point,but in an area far from the perforation point,the fracture still extends along the direction of the maximum principal stress.This understanding provides guidance for the repeated fracturing optimization of old wells.
引文
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[16]姜浒,陈勉,张广清.定向射孔对水力裂缝起裂与延伸的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1321-1326.JIANG Hu,CHEN Mian,ZHANG Guangqing,et al.Impact of oriented perforation on hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1321-1326.
[17]唐梅荣.定向射孔多缝压裂工艺案例分析[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(4):105-112.Tang Meirong.A case study of oriented perforating technology for the multiple crack fracturing[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(4):105-112.
[2]刘振武,撒利明,巫芙蓉,等.中国石油集团非常规油气微地震监测技术现状及发展方向[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(5):843-853.LIU Zhenwu,SA Liming,WU Furong,et al.Microseismic monitor technology status for unconventional resource E&P and its future development in CNPC[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(5):843-
[3]唐杰,方兵,蓝阳,等.压裂诱发的微地震震源机制及信号传播特性[J].石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(4):643-649.TANG Jie,FANG Bing,LAN Yang,et al.Focal mechanism of micro-seismic induced by hydrofracture and its signal propagation characteristics[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2015,50(4):643-649.
[4]姚振岸,孙成禹,唐杰,等.基于不同震源机制的黏弹各向异性微地震波场模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):63-70.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,TANG Jie,et al.Micro-seismic forward modeling in viscoelastic anisotropic media based on different focal mechanisms[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(1):63-70.
[5]赵超峰,张伟,田建涛,等.微地震事件解释实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,53(4):770-777.ZHAO Chaofeng,ZHANG Wei,TIAN Jiantao,et al.Interpretation example of microseismic events[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,53(4):770-777.
[6]Arcangelo S,Gabino C,Kevin C,et al.Seismic reservoir characteration resource shale play:Stress analysis and sweet discrimination[J].The Leading Edge,2011,30(3):758-764.
[7]王焕义.岩体微震事件的精确定位研究[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):5-8.
[8]梁兵,朱广生编著.油气田勘探开发中的微震监测方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[9]宋维琪,冯超.微地震有效事件自动识别与定位方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(2):283-288.SONG Weiqi and FENG Chao.Automatic identification and localization of micro-seismic effective events[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(2):283-
[10]Geiger L.Probability method for the determination of earthquake epicenters from arrival time only[J].Bulletin St.Louis University,1912,8:60-71.
[11]王薇.老井重复压裂工艺技术做法及效果---以X油田为例[J].内蒙古石油化工,2015,20(2):81-83.WANG Wei.Practice and effect of the old wells refracturing technology:For exampal X oilfield[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2015,20(2):
[12]翁旭,吴汉宁,陈峰,等.转向重复压裂工艺技术在低渗透油田老井改造中的应用---以南泥湾油田为例[J].内蒙古石油化工,2010,14(2):67-68.WENG Xu,WU Hanning,CHEN Feng,et al.Application of repeated fracturing in reforming old wells of low permeability oilfields:Taking Nanniwan Oilfield as an example[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2010,14(2):67-68.
[13]李宪文,樊凤玲,赵文,等.转向压裂工艺在长庆油田的适应性分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(5):102-104.LI Xianwen,FAN Fengling,ZHAO Wen,et al.A-daptability analysis on oriented fracturing technique in Changqing oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2010,17(5):102-104.
[14]王正国.定向射孔及其适用地质条件[J].国外测井技术,2007,22(4):45-47.WANG Zhengguo.Oriented perforation and suitable geological conditions[J].World Well Logging Technology,2007,22(4):45-47.
[15]姜浒,刘书杰,何保生,等.定向射孔对水力压裂多裂缝形态的影响实验[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):66-70.JIANG Hu,LIU Shujie,HE Baosheng,et al.Experiments of the oriented perforating impact on the multifracture pattern of hydraulic fracturing treatment[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):66-70.
[16]姜浒,陈勉,张广清.定向射孔对水力裂缝起裂与延伸的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1321-1326.JIANG Hu,CHEN Mian,ZHANG Guangqing,et al.Impact of oriented perforation on hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1321-1326.
[17]唐梅荣.定向射孔多缝压裂工艺案例分析[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(4):105-112.Tang Meirong.A case study of oriented perforating technology for the multiple crack fracturing[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(4):105-112.