红花槭扦插生根特性和解剖学研究
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摘要
以红花槭‘十月光辉’1年生带顶芽、1年生无顶芽和2年生硬枝为插穗,选用M1(河沙与珍珠岩的体积比为1∶1)、M2(河沙与蛭石的体积比为1∶1)、M3(珍珠岩与蛭石的体积比为1∶1)和M4(河沙、珍珠岩、蛭石的体积比为1∶1∶1)4种不同的扦插基质,施加不同质量浓度的吲哚丁酸(IBA)和萘乙酸(NAA)进行扦插试验,研究插穗类型、基质种类和外源激素对红花槭扦插生根的影响,并对扦插过程中不定根发育形成过程进行组织学观察。结果表明:M4基质在生根率(69.44%)、平均生根数量(14.31条)和平均根长(5.40cm)方面均表现最优,为适宜的扦插基质;1年生插穗生根率和平均根数均高于2年生插穗的,平均根长低于2年生插穗的;1年生带顶芽与1年生无顶芽插穗的扦插生根率差异不显著(P<0.05);500mg/L IBA+500mg/LNAA处理效果最好,生根率达75.56%,平均生根数量为15.68条,平均根长为6.48 cm。红花槭属于诱生根原基多位点发生类型,其不定根起源于木射线与维管形成层交叉区域和韧皮部薄壁组织。
In this study,three cuttings,1-year-old with terminal bud,1-year-old without terminal bud and 2-year-old hard branches of Acer rubrum 'October Glory',each were applied four types of cutting substrates,named M1(equal volume of sand and perlite),M2(equal volume of sand and vermiculite),M3(equal volume of perlite and vermiculite) and M4(equal volume of sand and perlite and vermiculite) separately,as well as applied IBA and NAA at different mass concentration ratios.The effects of cutting type,substrate type and exogenous hormones on rooting,the histological observation of adventitious root formation during cutting process were investigated.Results showed that M4 matrix was the most suitable cutting substrate showing the best rooting rate(69.44%),average rooting number(14.31) and average root length(5.40 cm).The 1-year-old cuttings showed higher rooting rate and average number of roots but lower average root length than the 2-years-old cuttings.And,the difference of rooting rate between 1-year-old with terminal bud and1-year-old without terminal bud cuttings was not significant(P<0.05).The combination of 500 mg/L IBA+500 mg/L NAA was the best application in rooting of cuttings,with the rooting rate 75.56%,the average rooting number 15.68,and the average root length 6.48 cm.The adventitious roots of Acer rubrum are derived from the cross areas of the xylem rays with the vascular cambium and phloem parenchyma,which belongs to the induced root primordia of multilocus type.
In this study,three cuttings,1-year-old with terminal bud,1-year-old without terminal bud and 2-year-old hard branches of Acer rubrum 'October Glory',each were applied four types of cutting substrates,named M1(equal volume of sand and perlite),M2(equal volume of sand and vermiculite),M3(equal volume of perlite and vermiculite) and M4(equal volume of sand and perlite and vermiculite) separately,as well as applied IBA and NAA at different mass concentration ratios.The effects of cutting type,substrate type and exogenous hormones on rooting,the histological observation of adventitious root formation during cutting process were investigated.Results showed that M4 matrix was the most suitable cutting substrate showing the best rooting rate(69.44%),average rooting number(14.31) and average root length(5.40 cm).The 1-year-old cuttings showed higher rooting rate and average number of roots but lower average root length than the 2-years-old cuttings.And,the difference of rooting rate between 1-year-old with terminal bud and1-year-old without terminal bud cuttings was not significant(P<0.05).The combination of 500 mg/L IBA+500 mg/L NAA was the best application in rooting of cuttings,with the rooting rate 75.56%,the average rooting number 15.68,and the average root length 6.48 cm.The adventitious roots of Acer rubrum are derived from the cross areas of the xylem rays with the vascular cambium and phloem parenchyma,which belongs to the induced root primordia of multilocus type.
引文
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[19]李先民,李春牛,卜朝阳,等.基质、促根剂及插穗对杜鹃红山茶扦插生根的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(2):426-431.
[20]LIU H,GAO Y,SONG X B,et al.A novel rejuvenation approach to induce endohormones and improve rhizogenesis in mature Juglans tree[J].Plant Methods,2018,14(1):13.
[21]贾娟,姚延寿,史敏华,等.生根剂促进槭树植物扦插繁殖的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(4):107-109,134.
[22]李明,黄卓烈,谭绍满,等.萘乙酸处理桉树插条后多酚氧化酶活性及同工酶变化与插条生根的关系[J].华南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,23(1):45-48.
[23]许晓岗,汤庚国,童丽丽.海棠果插穗扦插生根过程解剖学观察[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(4):77-80.
[24]王清民,彭伟秀,吕保聚,等.核桃试管不定根的组织学研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(4):719-724.
[25]周容涛,刘洋,冷珊珊,等.欧美杂种山杨微扦插不定根发生过程的解剖学研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2184-2188.
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[27]张猛,王丹,汤浩茹,等.费约果茎解剖结构与插条不定根的形成[J].林业科学,2010,46(7):183-187,193.
[28]郭素娟,凌宏勤,李凤兰.白皮松插穗生根的生理生化基础研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2004,26(2):43-47.
[29]丘醒球,余倩珠,张少翃,等.桉树插条生根解剖研究[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(2):170-176.
[2]FRAEDRICH S W,HARRINGTON T C,RABAGLIA RJ,et al.A fungal symbiont of the redbay ambrosia beetle causes a lethal wilt in redbay and other Lauraceae in the southeastern United States[J].Plant Disease,2008,92(2):215-224.
[3]董转年,方乐金,张睿,等.红枫的不同繁殖方法比较[J].湖南农业科学,2011(5):114-115.
[4]李力,刘玉民,王敏,等.3种北美红枫对持续高温干旱胁迫的生理响应机制[J].生态学报,2014,34(22):6471-6480.
[5]郭素娟.林木扦插生根的解剖学及生理学研究进展[J].北京林业大学学报,1997,19(4):64-69.
[6]尹新彦,储博彦,李金霞,等.美国红枫‘秋火焰’扦插繁殖技术的优化[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(5):1411-1412.
[7]吴雅琼,刘婧,汪贵斌,等.美国红枫硬枝扦插技术研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2016,43(6):926-931.
[8]高焕章,赵振军,何玉枝,等.IBA和NAA对美国红枫扦插生根的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(8):2013-2015.
[9]周乃富,张俊佩,刘昊,等.木本植物非均质化组织石蜡切片制作方法[J].植物学报,2018,53(5):653-660.
[10]陆秀君,洪晓松,刘景强,等.扦插基质及生根促进剂对美国红枫扦插繁殖的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(5):138-142.
[11]ERCISLI S,ANAPALI?,ESITKEN A,et al.The effects of IBA,rooting media and cutting collection time on rooting of kiwifruit[J].Die Gartenbauwissenschaft,2002,67(1):34-38.
[12]AKWATULIRA F,GWALI S,OKULLO J B L,et al.Influence of rooting media and indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)concentration on rooting and shoot formation of Warburgia ugandensis stem cuttings[J].African Journal of Plant Science,2011,5(8):421-429.
[13]王欢妍,黄科,高琪昕,等.马铃薯微型薯繁育基质配比的优化[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,39(5):505-509.
[14]HICKS G S.Patterns of organ development in plant tissue culture and the problem of organ determination[J].The Botanical Review,1980,46(1):1-23.
[15]王书胜,单文,张乐华,等.基质和IBA浓度对云锦杜鹃扦插生根的影响[J].林业科学,2015,51(9):165-172.
[16]JOHNSEN?.Rooting of juvenile succulent cuttings from haif-sib families of Picea abies[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1986,1(1/4):27-36.
[17]王军辉,张建国,张守攻,等.青海云杉硬枝扦插的激素、年龄和位置效应研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(7):65-71.
[18]张慧,刘世彪,唐元桂,等.不同植物生长调节剂对猕猴桃单果重及营养成分的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(4):385-390.
[19]李先民,李春牛,卜朝阳,等.基质、促根剂及插穗对杜鹃红山茶扦插生根的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(2):426-431.
[20]LIU H,GAO Y,SONG X B,et al.A novel rejuvenation approach to induce endohormones and improve rhizogenesis in mature Juglans tree[J].Plant Methods,2018,14(1):13.
[21]贾娟,姚延寿,史敏华,等.生根剂促进槭树植物扦插繁殖的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(4):107-109,134.
[22]李明,黄卓烈,谭绍满,等.萘乙酸处理桉树插条后多酚氧化酶活性及同工酶变化与插条生根的关系[J].华南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,23(1):45-48.
[23]许晓岗,汤庚国,童丽丽.海棠果插穗扦插生根过程解剖学观察[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(4):77-80.
[24]王清民,彭伟秀,吕保聚,等.核桃试管不定根的组织学研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(4):719-724.
[25]周容涛,刘洋,冷珊珊,等.欧美杂种山杨微扦插不定根发生过程的解剖学研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2184-2188.
[26]张晓平,方炎明,黄绍辉.杂种鹅掌楸扦插生根过程中内源激素的变化[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(3):79-82.
[27]张猛,王丹,汤浩茹,等.费约果茎解剖结构与插条不定根的形成[J].林业科学,2010,46(7):183-187,193.
[28]郭素娟,凌宏勤,李凤兰.白皮松插穗生根的生理生化基础研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2004,26(2):43-47.
[29]丘醒球,余倩珠,张少翃,等.桉树插条生根解剖研究[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(2):170-176.